Deck 1: Introduction to Computers and Python   

Question 1

A program might call a bank-account object's deposit ________ to increase the account's balance.

A) attribute
B) method
C) class
D) function

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Computers can perform calculations and make xe "logical decision"logical decisions phenomenally faster than human beings can.
B) Computers process xe "data"data under the control of sequences of instructions called computer programs (or simply programs).
C) A computer consists of various physical devices referred to as xe "hardware"hardware (such as the xe "keyboard"keyboard, xe "screen"screen, xe "mouse"mouse, xe "solid-state drive"solid-state disks, xe "hard drive"hard disks, memory,
D) Computing costs are rising dramatically, due to the increasing complexity of hardware and software technologies.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Information on secondary storage devices is ________ - it's preserved even when the computer's power is turned off.

A) volatile
B) unstable
C) transient
D) persistent

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Any computer can directly understand only its own machine language, defined by its xe "hardware"hardware design.
B) The most widely used Python implementation-CPython (which is written in the C programming language for performance)-uses a clever mixture of compilation and interpretation to run programs.
C) Translator programs called assemblers convert assembly-language programs to machine language at computer speeds.
D) Interpreter programs, developed to execute high-level language programs directly, avoid the delay of compilation, and run faster than compiled programs.

Question 5

With ________ software development, individuals and companies contribute their efforts in developing, maintaining and evolving software in exchange for the right to use that software for their own purposes, typically at no charge.

A) object-oriented
B) high-level
C) open-source
D) proprietary

Question 6

A xe "gigabytes (GB)"gigabyte is approximately one ________ bytes.

A) thousand
B) million
C) billion
D) trillion.

Question 7

________ is by far the world's most widely used desktop operating system.

A) Linux
B) MacOS
C) Windows
D) none of the above

Question 8

Which of the following statements a), b) or c) is false?

A) Decades ago, most computer applications ran on networked computers.
B) Today's applications can be written with the aim of communicating among the world's computers via the Internet.
C) A key intersection between computer science and data science is artificial intelligence.
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 9

________ is the smallest data item in a computer. It can have the value 0 or 1.

A) bit
B) byte
C) field
D) record

Question 10

Information in the memory unit is ________. It's typically lost when the computer's power is turned off.

A) persistent
B) constant
C) sticky
D) volatile

Question 11

The most popular database model is the ________ database, in which data is stored in simple tables.

A) network
B) graph
C) relational
D) hierarchical

Question 12

Windows is a(n) ________ operating system-it's controlled by Microsoft exclusively.

A) proprietary
B) private
C) open source
D) None of the above.

Question 13

A new class of objects can be created conveniently by inheritance-the new class (called the ________) starts with the characteristics of an existing class (called the ________), possibly customizing them and adding unique characteristics of its own.

A) superclass, subclass
B) hyperclass, subclass
C) target, superclass
D) subclass, superclass

Question 14

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Software (that is, the Python instructions you write, which are also called code) controls hardware (that is, computers and related devices).
B) Programmers use the Python Standard Library and various other libraries to "reinvent the wheel."
C) Programmers use libraries to create software xe "object"objects that they interact with to perform significant tasks with modest numbers of instructions.
D) IPython executes Python instructions interactively and immediately shows their results.

Question 15

Which logical unit of the computer is the receiving section?

A) input unit
B) output unit
C) memory unit
D) central processing unit.

Question 16

Which one of the following statements is true?

A) a terabyte is larger than a petabyte.
B) a kilobyte is exactly 1000 bytes.
C) a gigabyte is 1024 megabytes.
D) an exabyte is 1024 zettabytes.

Question 17

Every year or two, the capacities of computers have approximately doubled inexpensively. This remarkable trend often is called ________.

A) the law of large numbers
B) the principal of least privilege
C) Moore's law
D) Wirth's law

Question 18

Which of the following statements a), b) or c) is false?

A) The classes that objects come from are essentially xe "reusable software components"reusable software xe "component"components.
B) Almost any verb can be reasonably represented as a software object in terms of xe "attribute:of a class"attributes (e.g., name, color and size) and xe "behavior:of a class"behaviors (e.g., calculating, moving and communicating).
C) A class that represents a bank account might contain one method to deposit money to an account, another to withdraw money from an account and a third to inquire what the account's balance is.
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is false?

A) With the advent of assembly languages, computer usage increased rapidly, but programmers still had to use numerous instructions to accomplish even the simplest tasks.
B) To speed the programming process, high-level languages were developed in which single statements could be written to accomplish substantial tasks.
C) Translator programs called assemblers convert high-level-language source code into machine language.
D) High-level languages instructions look almost like every-day English and contain commonly used mathematical notations.

Question 20

Secondary storage information takes much ________ to access than information in primary memory, but its cost per unit is much ________.

A) less time, less
B) more time, less
C) less time, more
D) more time, more

Question 21

Which of the following organizations has millions of open-source projects under development?

A) Python Software Foundation
B) GitHub
C) The Apache Software Foundation
D) The Eclipse Foundation

Question 22

Which of the following Python Standard Library modules offers additional data structures beyond lists, tuples, dictionaries and sets?

A) sys and statistics
B) collections
C) queue
D) (b) and (c)

Question 23

Python recently surpassed the programming language xe "R programming language"________ as the most popular data-science programming language.

A) DSPL
B) Java
C) C++
D) R

Question 24

Which of the following statements about libraries is false?

A) Using existing libraries helps you avoid "reinventing the wheel," thus leveraging your program-development efforts.
B) Rather than developing lots of original code-a costly and time-consuming process-you can simply create an object of a pre-existing library class, which takes only three Python statements.
C) Libraries help you perform significant tasks with modest amounts of code.
D) All of the above statements are false.

Question 25

Which of the following popular Python data science libraries are central to machine learning, deep learning and/or reinforcement learning:

A) scikit-learn
B) keras and tensorflow
C) OpenAIGym
D) All of the above

Question 26

Which of the following are reasons why Python is popular and everyone should consider learning it?

A) It's open source, free and widely available with a massive open-source community.
B) It's easier to learn than languages like C, C++, C# and Java, enabling novices and professional developers to get up to speed quickly.
C) It's easier to read than many other popular programming languages.
D) All of the above.

Question 27

Which Python Standard Library module do we use for performance analysis?

A) datetime
B) time
C) timeit
D) sys

Question 28

The popular programming languages Python and ________ are the two most widely used data-science languages.

A) xe "C programming language"C xe "C# programming language"xe "Java programming language"b. Java
Xe "JavaScript"c. JavaScript
Xe "R programming language"d. R