Deck 19: Tuberculosis

Question 1

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is particularly damaging to the lungs because of the:

A) healing of a tubercle.
B) formation of micropulmonary emboli.
C) increased mucus production.
D) irreversible bronchospasm that it causes.

Answer 1

healing of a tubercle.

Question 2

The respiratory therapist is educating a patient just diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which of the following statements should the therapist tell the patient regarding tuberculosis?

A) Take the medication with a glass of water hour before meals.
B) If you skip a dose of medication, double up at the next dose.
C) Don't take the medication if you have a fever or flu like symptoms.
D) Make sure to take the full prescribed course of therapy.

Answer 2

Make sure to take the full prescribed course of therapy.

Question 3

A patient who has an uncontrolled tuberculosis infection will show:
1) weight loss.
2) high fever.
3) bloody sputum.
4) night sweats.

A)1
B)2, 3
C)2, 3, 4
D)1, 3, 4

Answer 3

1, 3, 4

Question 4

What medication is used to treat a person who has converted to a positive TB skin test but does not have active disease?

A) Virazole
B) Isoniazid
C) Rifampin
D) Tetracycline

Question 5

In which of the following ways is tuberculosis generally spread?
1) Inhaling droplets of aerosol from an infected person
2) Drinking unpasteurized milk from cattle infected with the pathogen
3) Laceration with contact of infected secretions during postmortem autopsy
4) Sharing utensils and glassware with an infected person

A)1, 3
B)1, 2, 4
C)2, 3, 4
D)1, 2, 3

Question 6

Risk factors predisposing a person to TB include:
1) having HIV/AIDS.
2) being immunosuppressed.
3) African-American or Hispanic heritage.
4) malnutrition.

A)1, 3
B)2, 4
C)1, 2, 4
D)1, 2, 3

Question 7

A patient with an advanced case of TB may have which of the following radiologic findings?
1) Bronchial tumors
2) Hyperlucent lung fields
3) Retraction of lung segments
4) Right-sided heart enlargement

A)2
B)2, 3
C)3, 4
D)1, 3, 4

Question 8

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is most readily transmitted through:

A) drinking milk from or the milking of infected cows.
B) shaking hands and then rubbing your eye.
C) coughing.
D) accidental direct inoculation.

Question 9

A medication used to treat a TB infection during the entire 9 months of the nine-month treatment protocol are:

A) gentamycin and isoniazid.
B) penicillin and pyrazinamide.
C) streptomycin and ethambutol.
D) isoniazid and rifampin.

Question 10

Which of the following clinical manifestations are associated with TB?
1) Dull percussion note
2) Bronchospasm
3) Hyperresonant percussion note
4) Crackles

A)1, 4
B)2, 3
C)1, 2
D)2, 3, 4

Question 11

A negative tuberculin test would be demonstrated by an induration (wheal) of what size?

A) Less than 2 mm
B) Less than 5 mm
C) Greater than 8 mm
D) Greater than 10 mm

Question 12

A patient has been found to have tuberculosis (TB) in several organs of the body. What term is used to describe this situation?

A) Primary TB
B) Postprimary TB
C) Disseminated TB
D) Multiorgan TB

Question 13

A patient has postprimary TB. What are the major pathologic or structural changes associated with it?
1) Cavity formation
2) Laryngeal edema
3) Dilated and distorted bronchi
4) Fibrosis of lung parenchyma

A)2, 3
B)3, 4
C)1, 2, 3
D)1, 3, 4

Question 14

Nontuberculous mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium kansasii are associated with which one of the following diseases?

A) COPD
B) Bronchiectasis
C) Status asthmaticus
D) Cystic fibrosis

Question 15

The preferred stain that is used to identify the TB organism is called:

A) Gram stain.
B) fluorescent acid-fast stain.
C) Ziehl-Neelsen.
D) gentian violet.

Question 16

Pulmonary function testing results on a patient with an advanced case of TB will display which of the following?

A) Decreased RV
B) Increased IRV
C) Increased VC
D) Increased TLC

Question 17

When a person has TB spread throughout the body, it can be found in which of the following locations?
1) Upper lobes of the lungs
2) Kidneys
3) Brain
4) Lower lobes of the lung

A)1
B)2, 3
C)2, 3, 4
D)1, 2, 3

Question 18

A respiratory therapist has a positive TB skin test after having contact with a patient with active TB. Which of the following actions would most likely be taken regarding the positive skin test?

A) The therapist will be started on a 1-year course of isoniazid prophylactically.
B) The test will be followed with monthly chest x-rays to detect changes in the lung parenchyma.
C) The therapist will be on paid administrative leave for 3 months until it is ensured that she is noncontagious.
D) The therapist will be required to wear a mask at work for 3 months until it is established that she is noncontagious.