Deck 5: The Cell: Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability

Question 1

Select the statement about selective (or differential) permeability that is false.

A) It allows nutrients to enter cells.
B) It keeps cellular wastes inside cells.
C) It keeps valuable proteins inside cells.
D) It prevents undesirable wastes from entering cells.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

These molecules move through the lipid portion of the plasma membrane by simple diffusion.

A) CO2 and O2
B) glucose
C) Na+ and Cl-
D) K+ and Ca2+

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Membrane transport may be passive or active. Select the active process from the list below.

A) phagocytosis
B) osmosis
C) filtration
D) simple diffusion

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Two important passive processes for membrane transport are _ .

A) exocytosis and phagocytosis
B) diffusion and filtration
C) facilitated diffusion and active transport
D) pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 5

Red blood cells placed in a hypotonic solution will _.

A) gain water and undergo crenation
B) gain water and undergo hemolysis
C) lose water and undergo hemolysis
D) lose water and undergo crenation

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Active processes move molecules along a concentration gradient.
B) Passive processes move molecules against a concentration gradient.
C) Passive processes require ATP.
D) Active processes require ATP.

Question 7

Which statement about vesicular transport is true?

A) Pinocytosis is used to take liquids into a cell.
B) Phagocytosis is used to move cell wastes out of the cell.
C) Endocytosis transports particles/molecules out of the cell.
D) Exocytosis transports particles/molecules into the cell.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about osmosis?

A) Water may move up or down a concentration gradient during osmosis.
B) Osmosis is the flow of water across a plasma membrane.
C) Osmosis occurs when the concentration of water is the same as the concentration of solutes.
D) Solutes always accompany the movement of water during osmosis.

Question 9

Which substance uses a carrier protein to cross the plasma membrane by facilitated diffusion?

A) Na+ ions
B) water
C) glucose
D) Cl- ions

Question 10

In comparing simple diffusion to facilitated diffusion, you note that _.

A) both require ATP
B) both require a specific carrier or protein channel
C) both can move substances up, as well as down, a concentration gradient
D) both require a concentration gradient

Question 11

Molecule A has a molecular weight of 175 and Molecule B has a molecular weight of 450. A 0.1 M solution of each is placed on agar gel. Which molecule will diffuse more rapidly through the agar?

A) molecule A
B) molecule B
C) They will move at the same rate.

Question 12

In this organ, filtration is the important first step in producing urine.

A) lung
B) liver
C) heart
D) kidney

Question 13

A(n) in molecular size and a(n) in temperature result in an increased rate of diffusion.

A) decrease, decrease
B) decrease, increase
C) increase, decrease
D) increase, increase

Question 14

The force that causes water and solutes to cross cell membranes by filtration is _ .

A) a concentration gradient
B) energy provided by ATP
C) hydrostatic pressure
D) kinetic energy of molecules

Question 15

A solution is said to be isotonic if it contains .

A) fewer nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of cells
B) the same number of nonpenetrating solute particles as the interior of cells
C) more nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of cells

Question 16

Does potassium permanganate diffuse more rapidly through water or through agar gel? Why?

A) It diffuses more rapidly through water, because there are no particles to slow the movement of dye.
B) It diffuses more rapidly through agar, because there are channels in agar that help the dye solution to move.
C) It diffuses more rapidly through water, because there are more particles for the dye to bounce off of.
D) It diffuses more rapidly through agar, because water attracts the dye molecules and slows their movement.

Question 17

Red blood cells placed in 5% sodium chloride solution will .

A) gain water and undergo crenation
B) lose water and undergo hemolysis
C) lose water and undergo crenation
D) gain water and undergo hemolysis

Question 18

A membrane transport process is active if it requires .

A) energy provided by ATP
B) a concentration gradient
C) a pressure difference
D) kinetic energy of molecules

Question 19

Active processes .

A) include osmosis
B) move substances against (up) a concentration and/or electrical gradient
C) require a hydrostatic pressure gradient
D) move fats and respiratory gases through cell membranes

Question 20

Filtration is a non-selective, passive process in which water and solutes are forced through a membrane by hydrostatic pressure. The following property limits movement of some solutes.

A) hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of solutes
B) temperature of the fluid
C) tonicity of the solution being filtered
D) size of the membrane pores

Question 21

In the body, filtration is important in moving .

A) fluid and solutes out of the capillaries and into the kidney tubules
B) blood around the circulatory system
C) lymph fluid through lymph vessels
D) all of these

Question 22

A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20% glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of water across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will the water move, into the sac or out of the sac?

A) There is no net movement, but water will move back and forth across the membrane.
B) No, there is no force to drive the water across the membrane.
C) Yes, water will move into the sac.
D) Yes, water will move out of the sac.

Question 23

A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20% glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of glucose across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will the glucose move, into the sac or out of the sac?

A) Yes, glucose will move into the sac.
B) Yes, glucose will move out of the sac.
C) There is no net movement, but glucose will move back and forth across the membrane.
D) No, there is no force to drive glucose across the membrane.

Question 24

Which of the following endocytotic processes is important for moving fluid into cells?

A) pinocytosis
B) receptor-mediated endocytosis for water
C) phagocytosis
D) receptor-mediated endocytosis for hormones

Question 25

In healthy people, it is good practice to use isotonic solutions for injections into veins of the circulatory system because _ .

A) hypertonic solutions cause red blood cells to swell and lyse
B) isotonic solutions maintain the normal volume and function of red blood cells
C) hypotonic solutions cause red blood cells to crenate

Question 26

The following substances enter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis.

A) liquids containing protein or fat
B) glucose and amino acids
C) cholesterol and iron
D) Na+ and Cl- ions