Deck 8: Frameworks

Question 1

What is the purpose of a framework, in a study of hypoxia as a possible cause for autism in the genetically susceptible?

A)It ensures that the researcher treats the subjects with autism ethically during the study.
B)It implies that the study is well constructed and logical, and that the researcher's reasoning about causes of autism is correct.
C)The framework's relationships between autism and other concepts assist the researcher to formulate research questions and hypotheses.
D)It demonstrates for the reader where the findings of this study related to hypoxia fit into all that is known about autism.
E)It gives the reader a collection of connected ideas, from which to think about both the study and the entire research area of autism's causes.

Answer 1

The framework's relationships between autism and other concepts assist the researcher to formulate research questions and hypotheses.
It demonstrates for the reader where the findings of this study related to hypoxia fit into all that is known about autism.
It gives the reader a collection of connected ideas, from which to think about both the study and the entire research area of autism's causes.

Question 2

What is concept derivation?

A)The process of distilling meaning from concepts and statements in a framework
B)The process of describing and naming a previously unrecognized concept
C)Modifying conceptual definitions from other disciplines to be consistent with nursing usage
D)A strategy through which a set of characteristics essential to the connotative meaning of a concept is identified

Answer 2

Modifying conceptual definitions from other disciplines to be consistent with nursing usage

Question 3

What statements demonstrate a positive linear relationship?

A)As "A" increases in value, so does "B."
B)As "A" changes in value, "B" may or may not change.
C)As "A" decreases in value, so does "B."
D)As "A" increases in value, "B" decreases in value.
E)If "A" occurs, then "B" occurs, but only if "C" occurs.

Answer 3

As "A" increases in value, so does "B."
As "A" decreases in value, so does "B."

Question 4

Which statement demonstrates a sequential relationship?

A)As "A" changes in value, "B" does not.
B)As "A" changes, "B" may or may not change.
C)After "A" changes, "B" changes.
D)When "A" changes, "B" changes at the same time.

Question 5

What is a concept?

A)The abstract, logical structure of meaning
B)A term that abstractly describes and names an object, a phenomenon, or an idea, thus providing it with a distinct identity or meaning
C)An integrated set of defined concepts, existence statements, and relational statements that can be used to describe, explain, predict, or control that phenomenon
D)A diagram that expresses the interrelationships of concepts and statements

Question 6

What is concept analysis?

A)Evaluation of the interrelationships of the concepts and statements in a framework
B)The process of describing and naming a previously unrecognized concept
C)Modifying conceptual definitions from other disciplines to be consistent with nursing usage
D)A strategy through which a set of characteristics essential to the connotative meaning of a concept is identified

Question 7

A nursing professor is interested in factors related to nursing student satisfaction with the pre-licensure nursing program. The professor finds a relationship of r = -0.72 (p <0.05) between weekly hours of employment and nursing program satisfaction. How should the professor interpret these findings?

A)There is a strong, positive relationship between weekly hours of employment and nursing program satisfaction.
B)There is a strong, negative relationship between weekly hours of employment and nursing program satisfaction.
C)There is a weak, negative relationship between weekly hours of employment and nursing program satisfaction.
D)There is no relationship between weekly hours of employment and nursing program satisfaction.

Question 8

What is a construct?

A)The abstract, logical structure of meaning
B)A concept at a high level of abstraction with a very general meaning
C)An integrated set of defined concepts, existence statements, and relational statements that can be used to describe, explain, predict, or control that phenomenon
D)A term that abstractly describes and names an object, a phenomenon, or an idea, thus providing it with a distinct identity or meaning

Question 9

What is a theory?

A)The abstract, logical structure of meaning
B)A concept at a high level of abstraction with a very general meaning
C)An integrated set of defined concepts, existence statements, and relational statements that can be used to describe, explain, predict, or control that phenomenon
D)A diagram that expresses the interrelationships of concepts and statements

Question 10

An author makes a hypothetical relational statement, linking seven concepts to a central idea, and denoting which ones are causes and which are results. What is this hypothetical relational statement called?

A)A theoretical map
B)A point of view
C)A hybrid correlational array
D)A framework

Question 11

The Process of Incorporation of a Rescue Dog into One's Home
Wariness $\rightleftarrows$ Mutual Protectiveness $\rightleftarrows$ Compassion $\rightarrow$ Adoption
What is this?

A)A relational statement
B)A research framework
C)A theory
D)A conceptual map

Question 12

A framework about bipolar disorder contains information about the direction, sequencing, and strength of the relationship between treatment of the bipolar disorder and client functioning, over time, because it is a relational statement. What other components may be included, so that the relational statement is meaningful to research?

A)Shape
B)Exclusivity
C)Exhaustiveness
D)Sufficiency
E)Symmetry

Question 13

A nurse researcher has a notion that neonates perceive all interactions with humans as either stressors or comfort. The researcher is conducting qualitative research to describe the types of stressors or comfort that neonates typically experience in the first 24 hours of life. What is the best way to describe the researcher's notion?

A)A framework
B)A middle-range theory
C)An idea
D)A hypothesis

Question 14

What is the difference between a concurrent relationship and a sequential one, in terms of A and B?

A)In a sequential relationship, A occurs before B; in a concurrent relationship, A occurs independently of b.
B)In a concurrent relationship, causation is clear; in a sequential relationship, causation is unclear.
C)Variable values do not change at the exact same time in a sequential relationship, whereas they change at the exact same time in a concurrent one.
D)Measurement of variables is possible in a sequential relationship, whereas measurement of variables is impossible in a concurrent relationship.

Question 15

Infants and children receive immunizations so that they do not become ill with various diseases. What type of relationship exists between receiving an immunization and the state of immunity?

A)Necessary
B)Sufficient
C)Contingent
D)Negative linear

Question 16

What is a conceptual model?

A)A model made up of constructs, between which a relationship may or may not exist
B)A set of highly abstract, related constructs
C)An integrated set of defined concepts, existence statements, and relational statements that can be used to describe, explain, predict, or control that phenomenon
D)A diagram that expresses the interrelationships of concepts and statements

Question 17

What is a framework?

A)The abstract, logical structure of meaning
B)A concept at a high level of abstraction with a very general meaning
C)An integrated set of defined concepts, existence statements, and relational statements that can be used to describe, explain, predict, or control that phenomenon
D)A diagram that expresses the interrelationships of concepts and statements

Question 18

What is a conceptual map?

A)A model connecting objects, phenomena, or ideas
B)A set of highly abstract, related constructs
C)An integrated set of defined concepts, existence statements, and relational statements that can be used to describe, explain, predict, or control that phenomenon
D)A diagram that expresses the interrelationships of concepts and statements in a framework

Question 19

A variable is more concrete than a concept. A concept is more concrete than a construct. Which one is the most abstract?

A)Construct
B)Concept
C)Variable
D)Measurement values

Question 20

What is concept synthesis?

A)A diagram of the interrelationships between concepts and statements in a framework
B)The process of describing and naming a previously unrecognized concept
C)Modifying conceptual definitions from other disciplines to be consistent with nursing usage
D)A strategy through which a set of characteristics essential to the connotative meaning of a concept is identified

Question 21

This diagram refers to correlational relationships. What does it mean?

A)A negative relationship is smaller than no relationship.
B)A negative relationship occurs before a positive relationship.
C)Negative relationships evolve in a positive direction.
D)The strength of the relationship depends upon its numerical value, not the positive or negative sign preceding that number.
E)There is no strength in a negative or positive relationship.
F)A positive relationship is better than none; no relationship is better than a negative one.
G)The further away from zero, the stronger the relationship.

Question 22

Which of the following are concepts but not variables?

A)Trepidation
B)How many tries it takes to score a basketball free throw
C)Loneliness
D)Weight on a kilogram scale
E)The Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Question 23

This figure provides an illustrated example of a curvilinear relationship. What does a curvilinear relationship signify?

A).The relationship is more complex than can be illustrated by a straight line.
B)The most positive value of one variable is seldom associated with the most positive value or the most negative value of the other variable.
C)The value of one variable cannot be predicted if the other is known.
D)A relationship represented by an arc explains a large portion of the variation in the independent variable.
E)The relationship between the variables is statistically significant.
F)An increase in the value of one variable may be associated with either an increase or a decrease in the value of the other.

Question 24

This figure provides an illustrated example of a linear relationship. What does it mean?

A)As the independent variable becomes larger, the dependent variable becomes larger.
B)There is an indirect link between "High" and the independent variable.
C)As the dependent variable becomes smaller, the independent variable becomes smaller.
D)The independent variable causes the dependent variable.
E)The strength of the relationship is large because the portions of the concepts are explained.
F)When the independent variable is absent, the dependent variable is also absent.

Question 25

Directional statements are relational statements with the specific relationship between variables defined. These are diagrammatically represented by letters and arrows. The diagram as means which of the following?

A)B causes D only a small amount of the time.
B)When D is high, B is low in value.
C)When B is high, D is low in value.
D)There is no relationship between B and d.
E)B is smaller than d.
F)D is smaller than B.

Question 26

How does the researcher know that a certain framework is the correct one for a planned research study?

A)The framework has been tested, using quantitative research.
B)The framework contains concepts that the researcher is studying.
C)Relationships among concepts are similar to the ones the researcher is studying
D)Grounded theory research generated the framework.
E)The framework helps explain the anticipated or expected research results.
F)The type of research selected by the researcher (the method) agrees with the relationships in the framework.

Question 27

Which of the following are variables?

A)Sanctity
B)How many times the experimental monkey rings the bell
C)Déja vu
D)The number of speeding tickets Richard receives in July of this year
E)Darwin's theory of evolution