Deck 5: The Global South in a World of Powers

Question 1

The less-developed countries are primarily located in the Global South.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Global East is the name given to the rapidly growing economies of East and South Asia.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The measure of country's citizen-based and corporation-based productivity is called Gross National Income.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Laissez-faire economics emphasizes the need to accumulate gold and silver, and to conquer foreign territory to ensure state security.

Question 5

Banco del Sur was created by G-77 members to fund major infrastructure projects without Global North interference.

Question 6

Possession of oil has allowed some Global South nations to achieve a standard of living that rivals those of some Global North countries.

Question 7

From 2006 onward, the United States has pledged to provide aid of at least $5 billion each year. This represents the largest increase in U.S. development assistance since the Marshall Plan.

Question 8

By the year 1914 Europe had regained control of roughly one-fourth of the globe.

Question 9

The least developed of the less-developed countries (LLDCs) are sometimes referred to as the Third World's Third World.

Question 10

The modern global system was created by the powerful states, primarily to create a global civil society inspired by values of justice.

Question 11

The strategy of import-substitution industrialization was remarkably successful in the Global South in helping them break their ties with the Global North.

Question 12

The strategy of export-led industrialization concentrates on developing domestic export industries capable of competing in overseas markets.

Question 13

Adam Smith's philosophies regarding supply and demand and minimal government came after many colonized countries began to declare their independence.

Question 14

The Second World consisted of the Soviet Union, its allies, and countries committed to planned economic policies.

Question 15

The Group of 77 was an assemblage of the world's wealthiest countries that wanted to cut ties with the Global South and pursue development through import-led industrialization in their New International Economic Order (NIEO).

Question 16

Many Global South countries have pursued a policy of export-led industrialization that encourages domestic industries to produce products usually imported from abroad.

Question 17

The decolonization process set in motion at the end of World War I and accelerated after World War II is notable for its violence.

Question 18

President Woodrow Wilson was a firm believer in the idea of self-determination for all people.

Question 19

Mercantilism is the economic philosophy advocating free markets, free trade, and little government intervention.

Question 20

Dualism benefits developing countries because its goal is to make sure both urban and rural sectors equally benefit from development by multinational corporations.

Question 21

Remittances are particularly valuable to many Global South countries because the money is typically spent immediately on basics such as food, clothing, housing, and education.

Question 22

An economic strategy that focuses on domestic industries for the purpose of discouraging imports is called

A) export-led industrialization.
B) dependent development.
C) dualism.
D) imperialism.
E) import-substitution industrialization.

Question 23

Requests for "trade, not aid" by the Global South have been repeatedly met with little to no new free trade agreements.

Question 24

One explanation as to why some countries are underdeveloped is offered by dependency theory, which explains that

A) some countries' political systems are so mismanaged that they need to depend on the Global North for help.
B) the major civilizations of the world will clash, bringing about global warfare.
C) less developed countries are exploited because global capitalism makes them dependent on the rich countries that create exploitative rules for trade and production.
D) wealth is created through efficient production, free enterprise, and free trade.
E) the poor are dependent on the elites in their country for jobs and lack any independent means of acquiring wealth.

Question 25

An economic system that focuses on supply and demand in the marketplace and emphasizes minimal government regulation of the economy is called

A) a command economy.
B) mercantilism.
C) colonialism.
D) a laissez-faire economy.
E) socialism.

Question 26

Which of the following is not true of Global South nations?

A) Most of them are underdeveloped compared with Global North countries.
B) There is a wide variety of geographic, demographic, political, and cultural differences between Global South nations.
C) Almost all of them are achieving impressive levels of economic growth through the use of import substitution policies.
D) They are located south of the equator.
E) Almost all of them are former colonies.

Question 27

The monies earned by immigrants working in rich countries and sent back to their home countries are known as remittances.

Question 28

Most countries in the Global South (outside Latin America) got their independence after

A) the Russian invasion of Afghanistan.
B) World War II.
C) the end of the Cold War.
D) the end of World War I.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 29

All of the following are true of decolonization except:

A) as self-determination gained acceptance, the rationale for colonization was rejected.
B) World War II sapped the ability of former colonizing nations to maintain the costs necessary to support colonies.
C) decolonization set up some enduring rivalries still in existence today.
D) decolonization was achieved with no violence or bloodshed.
E) the Nonaligned Movement grew out of former colonies fearful of their new independence being compromised by Cold War loyalties.

Question 30

More than double the money spent on foreign aid is through monies received from immigrants working in foreign countries who send wages back home to their families.

Question 31

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Global North?

A) wealthy
B) located in the Northern Hemisphere
C) industrialized
D) democratic
E) All of the above are characteristics.

Question 32

Business enterprises that are headquartered in one country but invest and operate in other countries are called

A) NICs.
B) Asian Tigers.
C) MNCs.
D) Global Northern countries.
E) Global Eastern countries.

Question 33

The second wave of European imperialism saw the United States expand its influence in

A) Thailand.
B) the Congo.
C) Guyana.
D) the Philippines.
E) China.

Question 34

When the decolonization process began to accelerate, newly-formed countries India and Pakistan engaged in war over the disputed territory of

A) North Korea.
B) Kashmir.
C) the Congo.
D) Turkey.
E) Mongolia.

Question 35

Since 1980, ______________ has spread rapidly and widely throughout the world and become the preferred mode of governance.

A) dictatorship from oil-producing countries
B) communism alongside a free-enterprise component
C) democracy
D) parliamentary dictatorship
E) none of the above is true

Question 36

V. I. Lenin believed the second wave of European imperialism was caused by

A) the desire of European adventurers for gold and silver.
B) the "white man's burden" to convert heathens to Christianity.
C) the monopoly stage of capitalism, which needed cheap raw materials and investment for accumulating capital.
D) the idle rich who wanted political positions abroad.
E) All of the above are causes.

Question 37

Unlike earlier time periods, at the end of World War I the colonial territories of Germany and the Ottoman Empire were

A) parceled out among the victorious allies.
B) transferred under the League of Nations to countries that would rule them as "mandates" until eventual self-rule.
C) allowed to remain under the control of Germany and Turkey.
D) given independence.
E) None of the above is true.

Question 38

Adam Smith, in his treatise, The Wealth of Nations, argued that

A) mercantilism was the best way to ensure state security.
B) wealth came from the goods and services purchased, not merely the accumulation of precious metals.
C) military expansion abroad was an inevitable product of capitalism.
D) imperialism was a result of the inter-European competition for dominance.
E) governments must heavily regulate the economy to ensure it ran smoothly.

Question 39

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is investment by multinational corporations directly in the economy of a country that creates a long-term relationship between the two.

Question 40

One explanation for why some countries are underdeveloped is offered by modernization theory, which claims that

A) state involvement in the economy is the key to development.
B) the major civilizations of the world will clash, bringing about global warfare.
C) less developed countries are exploited because global capitalism makes them dependent on the rich countries that create exploitative rules for trade and production.
D) wealth is created through efficient production, free enterprise, and free trade.
E) modern economies are based on natural resources and favorable geographic position, such as access to waterways.

Question 41

Describe the newly industrialized countries of the Global East.

Question 42

In attempting to explain the persistent underdevelopment of the Global South, some theorists direct attention primarily toward what happens within these countries whereas others focus on the position of developing countries in the world political economy. Compare the modernization and dependency theories on the causes of the economic gap between rich and poor countries. Which one do you find more convincing? Why?

Question 43

Remittances constitute more than double the global total dollars in

A) G-77 aid.
B) foreign aid.
C) foreign direct investment.
D) externalities.
E) military aid.

Question 44

Distinguish between the first and second waves of European imperialism. What ideological / economic themes marked the first wave? How did imperialism and realpolitik play a significant role in the second wave of imperialism?

Question 45

Common goals for foreign aid include which of the following?

A) Environmental protection
B) Reduced military spending
C) Increased power for women
D) Promotion of democratic governance and human rights
E) All of the above are common goals.

Question 46

The native ethnic and cultural inhabitant populations within countries, referred to as the 'Fourth World" is called ____________________.

Question 47

To break out of their dependent status, countries within the Global South have pursued various industrialization strategies. Import-substitution industrialization and export-led industrialization are two of the most common strategies. What are the differences between these two strategies? Which has been more successful, and why?

Question 48

What does LLDC stand for?

Question 49

The Global South's New International Economic Order wanted to

A) replace the old economic set up after World War II.
B) have a stronger voice in determining their interests.
C) form a coalition of the world's poor countries.
D) abolish practices perceived as perpetuating their dependence on Global North countries.
E) All of the above were goals of the Global South's New International Economic Order.

Question 50

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is

A) money that flows directly from one country to another.
B) money that flows from international banks to LLDCs.
C) investment by MNCs in states in the Global South.
D) money that may only be used for humanitarian disaster relief.
E) money allocated to the military for security concerns.

Question 51

"Conditionality" in foreign aid refers to

A) the level of poverty that must be present for a country to be eligible to receive aid.
B) the terms of repayment of the loan.
C) demands that aid recipients must meet in order to receive assistance.
D) both A and C above.
E) All of the above refer to conditionality in foreign aid.

Question 52

Which of the following is considered a form of foreign aid?

A) Grants of money
B) Loans at low rates
C) Shared technical expertise
D) Military assistance
E) All of the above are forms of foreign aid.

Question 53

Countries of the Global South that have achieved economic success by participating in the global trade free system are called

A) dualist countries.
B) non-aligned countries.
C) newly industrialized countries (NICs).
D) dependent countries.
E) least developed of the less developed countries (LLDCs).

Question 54

Name one regional trade arrangement that seeks to promote economic growth among its members.

Question 55

Discuss the importance of remittances in regards to its contributions to another country's GDP? In what ways would this have an affect on that country's quality of life and its effects on immigration?

Question 56

Many donor nations become frustrated with slow growth rates of Global South nations because

A) many Global South countries do not endorse core Western values.
B) many Global South countries are entrenched in their values.
C) many Global South countries do not endorse an entrepreneurial creativity.
D) many Global South countries condemn consumerism.
E) All of the above are reasons for frustration of donor nations.

Question 57

Which of the following is not a regional trade regime?

A) CAFTA
B) Mercosur
C) ASEAN
D) APDC
E) EU

Question 58

____________________ are the monies earned by immigrants working in rich countries (which almost exceeds the income they could earn working in their home country) that they send to their families in their country.

Question 59

How have the NICs (newly industrialized countries) achieved a high level of economic development?

Question 60

Why is the existence of dual economies problematic for developing states?

Question 61

MNCs have been praised by some and condemned by others. What are the pros and cons of MNCs in the Global South? On the whole, has their presence there produced positive or negative effects?