Question 1

A patient's physical assessment reveals cheilosis, glossitis, vascularization of the cornea, and pruritic dermatitis of the scrotum and vulva. The provider will test for which vitamin deficiency? A) Niacin (vitamin B₃) B) Pyridoxine (vitamin B₆) C) Riboflavin (vitamin B₂) D) Thiamine (vitamin B₁)

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, such as cheilosis, glossitis, and dermatitis, are indicative of a riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency. Riboflavin is crucial for skin health and mucous membranes.

Question 2

The provider prescribes iron supplements to treat a patient's anemia. The provider advises the patient to take the iron with which food to facilitate absorption?&#10;A) Cereal&#10;B) Dairy products&#10;C) Orange juice&#10;D) Red meats

Accepted Answer

Orange juice is high in vitamin C, which can enhance the absorption of iron from supplements and plant sources.

Question 3

A patient who is malnourished reports difficulty seeing at night. The provider will order a laboratory test that checks for a deficiency of which fat-soluble vitamin?&#10;A) A (retinol)&#10;B) D&#10;C) E ($\alpha$-tocopherol)&#10;D) K

Accepted Answer

Difficulty seeing at night, also known as night blindness, is a symptom of Vitamin A (retinol) deficiency. Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining healthy vision.

Question 4

A patient is prescribed an immunosuppressant for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The prescriber will caution this patient to avoid which dietary supplement?&#10;A) Black cohosh&#10;B) Echinacea&#10;C) Feverfew&#10;D) Glucosamine

Accepted Answer

Echinacea is known to stimulate the immune system, which can counteract the effects of immunosuppressants prescribed for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Patients on immunosuppressants are generally advised to avoid substances that boost the immune system to prevent interference with their medication's intended effects.

Question 5

A patient with postoperative hemorrhage admits taking, but not reporting, multiple dietary supplements. Which dietary supplement does the provider identify as a likely contributor to the patient's bleeding?

A) Coenzyme Q-10
B) Ginkgo biloba
C) Ma huang (ephedra)
D) St. John's wort

Accepted Answer

Ginkgo biloba has blood-thinning properties, which can increase the risk of bleeding, especially in patients undergoing surgery or taking other blood-thinning medications.

Question 6

A patient uses St. John's wort in addition to regular prescription drugs. Which effect of this dietary supplement would most concern the provider?&#10;A) Its tendency to accelerate the metabolism of some drugs.&#10;B) Its ability to enhance the effects of digoxin.&#10;C) It counteracts the effects of CNS depressants.&#10;D) It is known to increase the risk of bleeding.

Accepted Answer

St. John's wort is known to induce the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which can accelerate the metabolism of many drugs, potentially reducing their effectiveness and leading to subtherapeutic drug levels.

Question 7

A patient is prescribed medication for hyperlipidemia. The patient asks about using flaxseed supplements to increase fiber. What response will the provider give this patient?&#10;A) &#34;You can use these if you only use defatted flaxseed.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;It's a good idea since it helps with the absorption of medications.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Flaxseed is not recommended for hyperlipidemia.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Be sure to take the flaxseed 1 hour before taking your prescribed medicine.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Flaxseed is high in fiber and can interfere with the absorption of medications if taken simultaneously. Advising the patient to take flaxseed 1 hour before their medication helps minimize this interaction, ensuring the medication's efficacy is not compromised.

Question 8

A patient who uses nutritional therapy to manage an elevated cholesterol level reports experiencing flushing after taking these supplements. The provider will question the patient concerning intake of which vitamin?

A) Niacin
B) Thiamine
C) Riboflavin
D) Pyridoxine

Accepted Answer

Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, can cause flushing when taken in high doses, which is a common side effect reported by individuals using it to manage elevated cholesterol levels.

Question 9

A patient is prescribed phentermine and topiramate to help with weight loss. When the patient asks why topiramate is necessary, how will the provider respond?&#10;A) &#34;Topiramate helps reduce the risk of seizures that can occur with phentermine.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Topiramate helps produce feelings of satiety to augment the drug effects.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Topiramate improves mood to counteract the crankiness that often accompany dieting.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Topiramate increases the rate of weight loss by acting as a stimulant.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Topiramate helps produce feelings of satiety, which can augment the appetite-suppressing effects of phentermine, thereby enhancing the overall efficacy of the treatment for weight loss.

Question 10

The provider prescribes orlistat for a patient with a body mass index of 30. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of this drug's actions?&#10;A) &#34;I can eat as much as I want and still lose weight.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I should avoid fat-soluble vitamin supplements while taking this drug.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I can take a bulk-forming laxative to reduce the incidence of fecal incontinence.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;If I take the drug 4 times daily instead of twice daily, I will lose weight faster.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Orlistat works by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats, which can lead to an increase in undigested fat in the colon and potentially cause fecal incontinence. Taking a bulk-forming laxative can help reduce this side effect by absorbing water in the intestines, making stool bulkier and less likely to leak involuntarily.

Question 11

A patient has a 3% weight loss after taking phentermine and topiramate for 6 months. What action will the provider take in response to the weight loss?&#10;A) Continue the current dosage for 4 more weeks and reevaluate.&#10;B) Taper off the drug.&#10;C) Increase the drug dosage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has a 3% weight loss...

Question 12

A patient takes orlistat, warfarin], and levothyroxine What action will the provider take based on this medication history?&#10;A) Discuss increasing the warfarin dose with the patient.&#10;B) Instruct the patient to take the levothyroxine at least 4 hours before taking the orlistat.&#10;C) Discuss the need to avoid fatty foods while taking these medications with the patient.&#10;D) Encourage the patient to take the orlistat on an empty stomach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient takes orlistat, warfarin], and levothyroxine...

Question 13

A patient who recently immigrated from a third world country is thin and malnourished. The provider notes that the patient has loose and missing teeth, gingivitis, and bleeding gums as well as multiple sores and ecchymoses. What vitamin deficiency does the provider suspect?

A) Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B₁₂)
B) Niacin (Vitamin B₃)
C) Thiamine (Vitamin B₁)
D) Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient who recently immigrated from a...

Question 14

A pregnant patient asks about the risks and benefits of using ginger root to treat morning sickness during pregnancy. After a discussion with the provider, which patient's statement indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "Ginger root can cause GI disturbance in high doses."
B) "Ginger root can decrease my risk of bleeding."
C) "Ginger root is effective in treating morning sickness."
D) "Ginger root may affect fetal sex hormones."

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Accepted Answer

The answer of A pregnant patient asks about the risks...

Question 15

A patient with severe alcohol use disorder is brought to the emergency department with ataxia, double-vision, and confusion. The examination reveals nystagmus. Which vitamin will the provider prescribe?

A) Ascorbic acid IV
B) Intramuscular pyridoxine
C) Intravenous thiamine
D) Nicotinic acid PO

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with severe alcohol use disorder...

Question 16

A patient with a body mass index (BMI) of 28 is prescribed orlistat. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching provided by the provider?&#10;A) &#34;Dark urine and light-colored stools are expected side effects with this drug.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I should stop taking this drug once my blood pressure and serum glucose have stabilized.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I will need to take a multivitamin containing fat-soluble vitamins every day.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;If I have fatty or oily stools or fecal incontinence I should stop taking this drug.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with a body mass index...

Question 17

A patient admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain tells the provider he has been taking kava. Which action will the provider take based on this information?&#10;A) Order liver function studies.&#10;B) Order acetylcysteine as an antidote.&#10;C) Evaluate the patient's postvoid residual volume.&#10;D) Order a complete blood count.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient admitted to the emergency department...

Question 18

A pregnant patient discusses nutrition and vitamin supplements with her provider. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the use of nutrition and supplements during pregnancy?&#10;A) &#34;I can get adequate folic acid by consuming foods fortified with synthetic folate.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I need reduced amounts of vitamin C while pregnant to lower my risk of hemorrhage.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I should take vitamin K so my baby will not be vitamin K deficient at birth.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Excessive amounts of vitamin A can cause birth defects in my baby.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pregnant patient discusses nutrition and vitamin...

Question 19

A female patient with type 1 diabetes and obesity is prescribed lorcaserin to help with weight loss. What statement will the provide include when teaching this patient about lorcaserin?&#10;A) &#34;This drug is safe to take even if you become pregnant.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;This drug does not have serious adverse effects.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;You will need to check your blood glucose levels more often.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;You will need to increase your insulin dose to prevent hyperglycemia.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A female patient with type 1 diabetes...

Deck 17: Nutrition and Complimentary Therapies