Deck 14: Globalization, Sport, and International Development

Question 1

An example of how sport has been used by international bodies such as the UN as a political solution to overcome global inequalities is the initiative known as:

A) Sport for Development and Peace
B) Football for Kicks
C) Soccer for Social Justice
D) Sport for People in Need

Answer 1

A

Question 2

McDonaldization refers to the ways in which:

A) globalization homogenizes cultural choices, particularly for those in poorer countries
B) neoliberal policies enhance the profits of corporations through exploitative labour practices
C) local cultural expressions can take on a global reach, benefitting large corporations in the process
D) multinational organizations increasingly model their economic practices on the McDonalds corporation

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a good example of powerful interest groups promoting a return to an older era and social structure, with robust social divisions and borders?

A) Brexit: Britain voting to leave the EU
B) US President Donald Trump's policy plans to build a wall on the Mexican border and impose stricter trade barriers and tariffs
C) The rising popularity of the NDP Party in Canada, under its Sikh leader Jagmeet Singh
D) The spread of far-right nationalist agenda across Western Europe

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Those who oppose globalization have often been associated with harbouring __________ views.

A) anti-fascist
B) anti-apartheid
C) pro-capitalist
D) anti-immigration

Question 5

Some objectives of the Sport for Development and Peace initiative have included using sport to:

A) Empower girls and women
B) Educate and prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS
C) Promote peace/reconciliation in post-conflict zones
D) Defeat dictatorial regimes

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT true of scholarly discussions of globalization?

A) Globalization remains a somewhat contentious topic
B) There is a lack of evidence to document the existence and impacts of globalization
C) Globalization is a key concept in sociology
D) Scholars of globalization often differ as to how best to approach or conceptualize globalization

Question 7

Which multination company became a key target of global anti-sweatshop activism?

A) Nike
B) McDonalds
C) Starbucks
D) Sears

Question 8

In the text, which of the following approaches is considered to be an important cause of exacerbating economic inequalities in a global sense?

A) McDonaldization
B) Neoliberalism
C) Glocalization
D) Communism

Question 9

The process of glocalization is based, essentially, on the notion of _____.

A) Social democracy
B) Cultural exchange
C) Hybridity
D) Neoliberalism

Question 10

When a Canadian tries to understand and interpret English Premier League soccer using her own local sensibilities and knowledge, this would be a good example of the process of _________.

A) Social democratization
B) McDonaldization
C) Glocalization
D) Cultural assimilation

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT an outcome of global anti-sweatshop activism in the 1990s that targeted Nike's operations?

A) Nike was forced to adopt better monitoring of its factories
B) Nike suffered a period of financial loss
C) Consumers boycotted Nike products
D) Nike has been pressured to change its global labour practices

Question 12

Which of the following would be the best example of an area that a student of post-colonialism might research?

A) The legacy of the residential school system in Canada
B) European politics in the 1920s
C) The growth of the Modern Olympic movement
D) The global spread of fascism

Question 13

Due to the rise and influence of transnational corporations, research and marketing increasingly occurs in more economically developed countries, while production, through cheaper and less-skilled labour, tends to take place in relatively poor countries. In the text, this set-up is called:

A) McDonaldization
B) Globalization
C) Neoliberalism
D) International division of labour

Question 14

A way of seeing the world based on regulated support of free trade and markets; promotion of individualism and competition; and reduced social security and government influence in favour of capitalist markets, is a suitable definition for:

A) Globalization
B) Glocalization
C) Postcolonialism
D) Neoliberalism

Question 15

Choudry (2007) critiqued the anti-globalization movement, whereby people based in Europe, North America and Australia supported the campaigns and causes of people in the Global South, specifically because the people involved:

A) failed to change related consumer habits (e.g. buying fair-trade) when back 'home'
B) did little to raise awareness of the issue in a global sense through their efforts
C) were often hesitant to support the claims of Indigenous peoples experiencing inequalities in their own countries
D) overlooked inequitable power relations in the nations they studied

Question 16

Of all the countries ranked in the UN Human Development Index with a life expectancy at birth of over 80 years, which one has, by far, the highest national income per capita score?

A) Norway
B) Canada
C) United States
D) Singapore

Question 17

A large group of Pakistani immigrants who have settled in Edmonton would best be described by sociologists as an example of a/an _____.

A) Diaspora
B) Global culture
C) Marginalized group
D) Subculture

Question 18

The shift to a 'borderless life' has been made possible by all of the following developments EXCEPT:

A) The implementation of free-trade policies
B) The creation of global transnational networks
C) The defeat of communism at the end of the Cold War
D) The rapid growth of internet technology and social media

Question 19

Many of the countries with human development index scores in the bottom half, according to the UN Human Development Index, are in which continent?

A) Asia
B) Europe
C) South America
D) Africa

Question 20

If we can observe, through the process of globalization, that local cultures are losing their distinctiveness and our global culture appears increasingly similar, we might use the term _______ to describe this.

A) Homogenization
B) Disapora
C) Glocalization
D) Neoliberalism

Question 21

According to the text, what is TRUE of the increasing trend of young male football players migrating out of Africa?

A) Their skill levels are often exaggerated so they get selected by teams abroad
B) They are sometimes illegally sold and trafficked into countries to pursue professional football opportunities
C) Upon arrival in Europe, they are often heads and shoulders above the local players in terms of their skills
D) They have very few role models from which to follow

Question 22

In critically assessing the overall outcomes of several Sport for Development and Peace initiatives, researchers have found that:

A) There is overwhelming evidence that these projects work and meet the goals of international development
B) Many of these projects fail due to misalignment between the belief systems of the initiative workers and the local people they are trying to help
C) Local people invariably resist the aid and programs offered through these initiatives
D) The vast majority of these projects have very little positive impact but are sustained as public relations efforts for the corporations and organizations involved

Question 23

The organization Right to Play has its headquarters based in which Canadian city?

A) Toronto
B) Montreal
C) Calgary
D) Vancouver

Question 24

According to the text, which of the following is NOT considered one of the four main types of stakeholders within the Sport for Development and Peace sector?

A) Corporations that sponsor sport for development programs
B) Non-governmental and community-based organizations that deliver programs in underserved communities
C) National governments that list sport for development as one of its sport policy goals
D) Professional sports teams in North America and Europe that host sport for development tournaments and sporting events

Question 25

In 2017, the UN closed its office on Sport for Development and Peace, and transferred all of its operations to which organization?

A) FIFA
B) UNESCO
C) Red Cross
D) IOC

Question 26

The notion that sport can serve certain global development goals, is underpinned by a belief system rooted in _____ thinking.

A) Marxist
B) Functionalist
C) Symbolic Interactionist
D) Weberian

Question 27

In his critique of the Right to Play initiative, Darnell (2007) found that white volunteers into the program:

A) Were often overtly racist
B) Were ignorant of the poverty of the poor people who they helped
C) Inadvertently embraced colonial ideologies
D) Often refused to take orders from people of colour

Question 28

While US President Harry Truman in 1949 called for wealthy nations like the US to help relieve the suffering of people living in poorer nations, his approach can be criticized because:

A) It misinterpreted the data highlighting poverty and lack of wealth in the apparently poorer countries
B) It reinforced a colonial viewpoint that understood non-European peoples as unsophisticated and in need of civilizing
C) It overestimated the potential for economic assistance that the US could provide at that time
D) It conflated poverty with a lack of material wealth, which was incorrect

Question 29

Which athlete started the organization Olympic Aid, which eventually became Right to Play?

A) British track athlete Sebastian Coe
B) American swimmer Mark Spitz
C) Norwegian speed-skater Johann Olav Koss
D) Dutch footballer Marc Overmars

Question 30

Within the UN's Sustainable Development Goals published in 2015, sport was understood to serve all of the following goals EXCEPT:

A) Building tolerance and respect
B) Empowering young people and women
C) Liberating people from dictatorships
D) Enabling sustainable development