Deck 9: Build Strong Relationships and Networks

Question 1

Social exchange describes how relationships initiate and develop through the processes of exchange and reciprocity.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The most significant and tangible value of a social network is its contribution to career development and advancement.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Brokers help bridge structural holes in a network by linking independent
clusters together.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In the context of the norm of reciprocity, immediacy is the extent to which the amount of what is given back is roughly the same as what was received.

Question 5

In any network, ties among actors differ in terms of strength, familiarity, or closeness.

Question 6

The norm of reciprocity says that when one party does something for another, that party is indebted to the other until the obligation is repaid.

Question 7

High-quality leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships operate like contractual exchanges.

Question 8

Social capital is the knowledge, skills, and intellectual assets employees bring to the workplace.

Question 9

Idiosyncrasy credits refer to our ability to violate norms with others based on whether we have enough "credits" to cover the violation.

Question 10

Incremental change is change that builds on rather than disrupts existing norms and patterns.

Question 11

Managers and employees in low-quality leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships communicate openly and honestly and support each other to meet individual and organizational goals.

Question 12

The term "interest" in social exchange is based on the firm reliance on the intention and ability of the other to repay.

Question 13

Research shows that energizing ties are associated with an individual's access to resources and promotions and positively related to wellbeing, performance and retention.

Question 14

High team-member exchange is characterized by a high level of openness, support, and psychological safety.

Question 15

Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory is the study of manager-subordinate relationship quality.

Question 16

Structural holes are the absence of a link between two actors in a social network.

Question 17

In the context of the norm of reciprocity, interest is the motive behind an exchange.

Question 18

Network centrality indicates the extent to which all actors in a network are directly connected with each other.

Question 19

Relational maintenance involves actions to return a relationship to a positive state.

Question 20

In the context of the norm of reciprocity, equivalence refers to how quickly the repayment is made.

Question 21

In the context of relational testing, scorekeeping is evaluating every exchange to make sure it is acceptable and appropriately reciprocated.

Question 22

In a network, the network maximum is reached if all actors are connected to all other actors.

Question 23

Which of the following terms represents our ability to violate norms with others based on whether we have enough credits to cover the violation?

A) Idiosyncrasy credits
B) Social credits
C) Immediacy
D) Interest
E) Trust

Question 24

In the context of the components of reciprocity, the motive behind an exchange is:

A) interest.
B) trust.
C) immediacy.
D) equivalence.
E) disclosure.

Question 25

A network in which most actors are not directly tied to each other is considered sparsely knit.

Question 26

Relational __________ is a testing process with the intention to rebuild or reestablish relationship quality.

A) presence
B) repair
C) rotation
D) building
E) disclosure

Question 27

Supportive communication principles help people do all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A) engage in active listening
B) focus on joint problem solving to improve the state of a relationship
C) strengthen the instrumental ties that are inherent in personal relationships
D) avoid defensiveness
E) avoid disconfirmation

Question 28

Socialization is the configuration of interactions and ties among actors in a social network.

Question 29

In the context of the components of reciprocity, which of the following describes how quickly the repayment is made in an exchange relationship?

A) Interest
B) Trust
C) Immediacy
D) Equivalence
E) Disclosure

Question 30

Which of the following terms describes how relationships develop through the process of reciprocity?

A) Hedonism
B) Social exchange
C) Homophily
D) Social engineering
E) Network centrality

Question 31

The study of manager-subordinate relationship quality is known as:

A) leader-member exchange theory.
B) social constructive theory.
C) collective leadership theory.
D) role orientation.
E) social engineering.

Question 32

Which of the following terms in social exchange refers to the belief in the intention and ability of the other to repay?

A) Interest
B) Trust
C) Immediacy
D) Equivalence
E) Idiosyncrasy

Question 33

A __________ occurs when a behavior crosses the boundary of acceptable behavior in a relationship.

A) relationship exchange
B) relational violation
C) disclosure
D) social exchange
E) reflective exchange

Question 34

In the context of the components of reciprocity, __________ is the extent to which the amount of what is given back is roughly the same as what was received.

A) immediacy
B) trust
C) valence
D) equivalence
E) interest

Question 35

At the stage of maintenance evaluation, people do not watch every exchange; instead they monitor for relational violations.

Question 36

When one party does something for another, that party is indebted to the other until the obligation is repaid. This is known as:

A) immediacy.
B) trust.
C) the norm of reciprocity.
D) the proximity principle.
E) the contagion effect.

Question 37

When relational violations occurs, individuals should use __________ to attempt relational repair.

A) ethnocentric behaviors
B) supportive communication principles
C) chronemics
D) proxemics
E) passive listening

Question 38

__________ is watching for relational violations that go outside the boundary of expectations in established relationships.

A) Relational disclosure
B) Maintenance evaluation
C) Probing
D) Parochialism
E) Relational exchange

Question 39

In the context of social networks, the individuals in each relationship are called clusters and the connections between them are called nodes.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true of expressive ties?

A) They are formed for the achievement of some goal or purpose.
B) They are characterized by friendship, kinship, and social support.
C) They are also known as professional ties.
D) They include relationships in the workplace.
E) They describe relationships that involve exchange and cooperation.

Question 41

In the context of relationship building, __________ is an action contingent upon a rewarding reaction.

A) centralization
B) an exchange
C) a disclosure
D) a clique
E) homophily

Question 42

Identify a true statement about de-energizing ties.

A) They leave people feeling drained, unhappy, and demotivated.
B) They increase employee thriving.
C) They contribute to personal and organizational success.
D) They lead to more boundary spanning when they go across departments.
E) They are associated with an individual's access to resources and promotions.

Question 43

A problem with de-energizing ties is their __________, or the spread of emotion across a group or network.

A) homophily
B) contagion effect
C) bystander effect
D) self-serving bias
E) hedonism

Question 44

Gina works in the marketing team of an investment company. Her work requires her to collaborate and cooperate with her team members to achieve the marketing goals of the company. Her manager requires her to complete a set of tasks every day; in exchange, Gina looks to her manager for work-related guidance and support. In this scenario, Gina's relationship with her manager can be described as a(n):

A) expressive tie.
B) personal tie.
C) instrumental tie.
D) kinship tie.
E) familial tie.

Question 45

In the context of energizing ties, __________ is the joint experience of vitality and learning.

A) thriving
B) the contagion effect
C) the bystander effect
D) hedonism
E) homophily

Question 46

In the context of the social network perspective, a __________ is composed of three or more actors all connected to each other.

A) dyad
B) triad
C) clique
D) quintet
E) quartet

Question 47

__________ exists when all members have access to information in the network.

A) Network maximum
B) Network centrality
C) Network coherence
D) Network density
E) Network closure

Question 48

In the early stages of relationship development, where individuals are getting to know one another, relational testing can be described as __________.

A) homophily
B) hedonism
C) relational thriving
D) maintenance evaluation
E) scorekeeping

Question 49

The __________ is the idea that we are all linked by short chains of acquaintances.

A) self-similarity principle
B) proximity principle
C) bystander effect
D) contagion effect
E) small world theory

Question 50

David's family comprises his parents and his elder brother Adam. The relationships between David and each of his parents and the relationship between him and his brother are interconnected and form a network. In the context of the social network perspective, the connection between David and his brother is a __________.

A) dyad
B) triad
C) clique
D) quintet
E) quartet

Question 51

A(n) __________ network is one connecting disparate groups of people so that access to goods, services or information is enabled.

A) unit
B) brokering
C) cohesive
D) energizing
E) de-energizing

Question 52

Which of the following statements is true of a cohesive network?

A) It is one in which the people you are connected to are connected to one another.
B) It is one in which you are connected to people who are not connected to one another.
C) It is one connecting disparate groups of people so that access to goods and services is enabled.
D) It is beneficial for radical change.
E) It is beneficial for unstable environments.

Question 53

Which of the following statements is true of a bridging network?

A) It is one in which the people you are connected to are connected to one another.
B) It is beneficial for stable environments.
C) It is beneficial for incremental change, change that builds on rather than disrupts existing norms and patterns.
D) It is beneficial for coordination of routine tasks that require teamwork and flow.
E) It is one in which you are connected to people who are not connected to one another.

Question 54

Kevin has a tendency to get attracted to and form relationships with those who have similar aspirations and values as him. This tendency of Kevin's is termed __________.

A) homophily
B) equivalence
C) immediacy
D) hedonism
E) the contagion effect

Question 55

__________ occurs when the same beliefs or perspectives are amplified and reinforced in a social network.

A) An echo chamber
B) The contagion effect
C) The bystander effect
D) The self-serving bias
E) Network centrality

Question 56

__________ is the tendency for actors in a network to form connections with and share the opinions and behaviors of others who are similar in terms of demographics (e.g., gender, ethnicity, educational attainment) or other attributes (e.g., personality, values).

A) Homophily
B) Hedonism
C) Centralization
D) Network centrality
E) Psychological safety

Question 57

__________ is the process of building relationships through reciprocal interactions between people.

A) Social engineering
B) Hedonism
C) Centralization
D) Social exchange
E) Boundary spanning

Question 58

__________ are defined as subgroups of actors who are tied together because they have similar traits or characteristics.

A) Quintets
B) Dyads
C) Triads
D) Clusters
E) Nodes

Question 59

Which of the following statements is true of Simmelian ties?

A) They help people identify the basis of a dyad.
B) They are considered weaker than regular strong ties.
C) They are also known as professional ties.
D) They are concerned with the number of strong ties within a subgroup of a network.
E) They are only concerned with the strength of relationships between two actors.

Question 60

The __________ is the tendency to populate a network with those closest to you, such as everyday coworkers or people in one's small social circle.

A) self-serving bias
B) proximity principle
C) self-similarity principle
D) bystander effect
E) contagion effect

Question 61

In the context of relational testing, at the stage of maintenance evaluation, __________.

A) relationships settle in at the relationship quality in which they were developed
B) people watch every exchange
C) people engage in scorekeeping
D) reciprocity dimensions destabilize
E) people get to know one another and actively manage information that is shared

Question 62

__________ is the study of manager-subordinate relationship quality.

Question 63

__________ credits refer to our ability to violate norms with others based on whether we have enough credits to cover the violation.

Question 64

__________, in the norm of reciprocity, is the extent to which the amount of what is given back is roughly the same as what was received.

Question 65

Samantha and Erica are best friends. They share their dreams, goals, aspirations, and feelings with each other. They also rely on each other for emotional support. In this context, the tie between Samantha and Erica is (a)n __________.

A) formal tie
B) instrumental tie
C) Simmelian tie
D) professional tie
E) expressive tie

Question 66

__________ is the number of people who provide support to a person and the value of the resources they provide.

Question 67

__________ is the network of social connections that exists between people and leads to mutually advantageous cooperation and collaboration.

Question 68

A(n) __________ occurs when a behavior or action crosses the boundary of what is acceptable in a relationship.

Question 69

__________ is developing relationships that cross boundaries within or outside the organization.

Question 70

A benefit of cohesive networks is that they are:

A) beneficial for environments involving change that diverges from status quo.
B) beneficial for environments involving radical change.
C) beneficial for coordination of routine tasks that require teamwork and flow.
D) beneficial for unstable environments.
E) beneficial to disruptive change.

Question 71

__________ represents the extent to which team members contribute ideas, feedback, and assistance to one another.

Question 72

In the context of social exchange, __________ is based on the belief regarding the intention and ability of the other to repay.

Question 73

__________, in the norm of reciprocity, is how quickly the repayment is made.

Question 74

__________ exists when an actor has ties with many other actors in a network.

Question 75

__________ is the closeness or emotional intensity of a relationship represented by a tie in a network.

A) Tie strength
B) Network density
C) Centralization
D) Network centrality
E) Tie content

Question 76

The __________ says that when one party does something for another, an expectation is
created that the other will pay them back.

Question 77

__________ is the ability to speak openly and freely with one another without fear of reprimand or negative consequences.

Question 78

In the context of the characteristics of reciprocity, __________ is the motive behind an exchange.

Question 79

__________ are gaps or a lack of connection among actors in a social structure.

Question 80

__________ is change that diverges from status quo and disrupts existing norms and patterns.