Question 1

A nurse providing care in the 1970s follows a process when making clinical decisions. Which of the following processes would have been used?&#10;A) Evidence-based nursing practice&#10;B) The science of medicine&#10;C) Evidence-based medicine&#10;D) Research utilization

Accepted Answer

In the 1970s, the concept of evidence-based practice had not yet been fully developed or named as such. Instead, the focus was on research utilization, which involves applying findings from scientific research to improve clinical practice and patient outcomes. This approach was a precursor to what we now refer to as evidence-based practice.

Question 2

A nurse makes clinical judgments based upon trial and error and past clinical experiences. Which of the following problems can result from using these data sources in clinical decision making?&#10;A) Not all sources of information are reliable.&#10;B) Authority always leads to faulty decision making.&#10;C) Ethical knowledge is not taken into account.&#10;D) This process generally leads to poor outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Trial and error and past experiences may not always be reliable sources of information, as they can be subjective and not based on evidence-based practices.

Question 3

In what country was the term evidence-based first used?&#10;A) Canada&#10;B) Great Britain&#10;C) the United States&#10;D) Australia

Accepted Answer

Canada

Question 4

A nurse who is working in a community setting applies evidence-based practice when planning community health education. Which of the following should the nurse use in order to enrich the application of this evidence?

A) Randomized clinical trials
B) Qualitative studies
C) Quantitative studies
D) Multiple research methods

Accepted Answer

Using multiple research methods enriches the application of evidence by providing a comprehensive understanding of the issue from various perspectives, including both quantitative and qualitative insights.

Question 5

What term is used to identify a summary of the research evidence that relates to a specific question and to the effects of an intervention?&#10;A) Evidence-based practice&#10;B) Meta-analysis&#10;C) Systematic review&#10;D) Narrative review

Accepted Answer

A systematic review is a summary of the research evidence that is focused on a specific question, often evaluating the effects of an intervention. It involves a comprehensive and unbiased search of the literature, followed by a critical appraisal of the studies included.

Question 6

A nurse is using clinical experience and client preference to guide clinical decision making. Which of the following is being demonstrated by the nurse?&#10;A) Evidence-based practice&#10;B) Internal evidence&#10;C) Research utilization&#10;D) External evidence

Accepted Answer

The nurse is using internal evidence, which involves clinical experience and client preferences, to guide decision-making.

Question 7

A nurse is looking for evidence-based practice (EBP) to support the methods used to facilitate smoking cessation. Which of the following types of evidence would be the best for the nurse to examine?&#10;A) Scientific literature found in systematic reviews&#10;B) Double-blind randomized controlled trial&#10;C) Quasi-experimental studies&#10;D) Expert opinion

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews provide a comprehensive summary of the existing literature and evidence on a specific topic, often including multiple studies and meta-analyses, making them a strong source of evidence for evidence-based practice.

Question 8

A nurse is grading the strength of evidence when critiquing a research study. Which of the following domains will the nurse need to consider?&#10;A) Randomness, sample size, and blinding&#10;B) Selection, variables, and description&#10;C) Nursing, medicine, and physiology&#10;D) Quality, quantity, and consistency

Accepted Answer

The strength of evidence in research is often evaluated based on the quality, quantity, and consistency of the evidence. Quality refers to the methodological soundness of the studies, quantity relates to the number of studies and overall sample size, and consistency pertains to the similarity of findings across different studies. These factors are crucial in determining the reliability and applicability of research findings.

Question 9

Which type of research is defined as the gold standard of evidence in evidence-based practice?&#10;A) Clinical expertise&#10;B) Randomized controlled trials&#10;C) Case studies&#10;D) Systematic review

Accepted Answer

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard in evidence-based practice because they minimize bias and provide the most reliable evidence on the effectiveness of interventions.

Question 10

A public health nurse (PHN) uses a published systematic review to determine which exercises should be incorporated into a newly developed older adult exercise program. Which of the following resources would most likely contain this information?

A) Evidence-Based Practice for Public Health Project
B) PubMed
C) Cochrane Public Health Group (PHRG)
D) Task Force on Community Preventive Services

Accepted Answer

The Cochrane Public Health Group (PHRG) is known for providing systematic reviews on public health interventions, making it a suitable resource for evidence-based exercise programs for older adults.

Question 11

Which are barriers to implementation of evidence-based practice? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Lack of available time&#10;B) Inferior quality of available research&#10;C) Unwillingness of organizations to fund research&#10;D) Inability to understand the evidence&#10;E) Limited support from accreditors to implement evidence

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which are barriers to implementation of evidence-based...

Question 12

A nurse is reading a systematic review when researching the best practices to promote increased safety among toddlers. Which of the following information would the nurse most likely find?&#10;A) Results of randomized controlled trials&#10;B) A description of the methods used to search for evidence&#10;C) Data compiled on a particular question&#10;D) An in-depth review of the literature completed by one person

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is reading a systematic review...

Question 13

What is evidence-based public health (EBPH)?&#10;A) An integration of the best available nursing expertise&#10;B) Derived from community principles to fit the area where it is practiced&#10;C) A health endeavor that makes informed use of evidence&#10;D) Comprised of only public health records

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is evidence-based public health (EBPH)?&#10;A) An...

Question 14

A nurse researcher is planning to use blinding when designing a research study. In which of the following instances would this be most important?&#10;A) Using a small sample size&#10;B) Measuring outcomes accurately&#10;C) Using a control group&#10;D) Studying the attrition rate

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse researcher is planning to use...

Question 15

A public health nurse (PHN) would like to incorporate evidence-based practice into the clinical practice at the health department. According to Melnyk and associates, which of the following steps should the nurse take first?

A) Integrating the evidence with clinical expertise
B) Cultivating a spirit of inquiry
C) Asking clinical questions
D) Searching for the best evidence

Accepted Answer

The answer of A public health nurse (PHN) would like...

Deck 10: Evidence-Based Practice