Deck 10: Personality Disorders

Question 1

General features of personality disorder include all of the following EXCEPT

A)an enduring pattern of experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's culture.
B)a pattern of thinking, behaving, and feeling that is flexible and occurs only in specific situations.
C)an enduring pattern of thought, emotion, and behavior that leads to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
D)a pattern of behavior that is stable over time, and whose onset can be traced back to at least adolescence or early adulthood.

Answer 1

a pattern of thinking, behaving, and feeling that is flexible and occurs only in specific situations.

Question 2

Which of the following illustrates the affective component of a personality disorder?

A)Joan is certain that her husband is having an affair, even though there is not evidence and he has been absolutely faithful.
B)Mandy gets angry very easily, and then can turn around and be very loving the next minute.
C)Angela is always trying to be the center of attention, and often dresses inappropriately to accomplish this goal.
D)All of these are examples of the affective component of a personality disorder.

Answer 2

Mandy gets angry very easily, and then can turn around and be very loving the next minute.

Question 3

The personality trait defined by levels of self-discipline and achievement-orientation is

A)extraversion.
B)agreeableness.
C)conscientiousness.
D)neuroticism.

Answer 3

conscientiousness.

Question 4

The personality disorder known most for having very odd beliefs with extremely unusual behaviors and perceptions is

A)schizoid personality disorder.
B)delusional personality disorder.
C)odd/eccentric personality disorder.
D)schizotypal personality disorder.

Question 5

Andrea prefers extreme isolation and doesn't pursue any meaningful relationships.Additionally, she expresses little, if any, emotion and is not necessarily suspicious of others.These behaviors are consistent with

A)schizoid personality disorder.
B)paranoid personality disorder.
C)withdrawn personality disorder.
D)normal, non-deviant behavior.

Question 6

The organization of personality disorders into three clusters is in nature.

A)dimensional
B)categorical
C)linear
D)circular

Question 7

Odd or eccentric personality disorders include

A)unconscious, introverted, and schizoid.
B)schizoid, intermediate, and adverse.
C)paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal.
D)perverse, atypical, and paranoid.

Question 8

Ideas of reference, where a person believes everyday events somehow involve him or her when actually they do not, are most characteristic of which personality disorder?

A)Borderline
B)Histrionic
C)Narcissistic
D)Schizotypal

Question 9

People who have little interest in establishing or maintaining relationships with others and show little emotional expression may have

A)dependent personality disorder.
B)borderline personality disorder.
C)antisocial personality disorder.
D)schizoid personality disorder.

Question 10

The personality trait that includes active imagination and sensitivity is

A)extraversion.
B)agreeableness.
C)neuroticism.
D)openness.

Question 11

In the opening case, Michelle would

A)become intensely sad, irritable, or anxious at a moment's notice.
B)rarely be able to show emotion.
C)have temper tantrums nearly daily.
D)be understood only by her family and boyfriend.

Question 12

People with extreme levels of personality traits that cause great impairment in functioning, especially social and occupational functioning, may have a

A)difficult time in college.
B)difficult family life.
C)difficult interpersonal life.
D)personality disorder.

Question 13

Persons who show extreme social detachment and isolation may have

A)dependent personality disorder.
B)borderline personality disorder.
C)antisocial personality disorder.
D)schizoid personality disorder.

Question 14

The cluster of personality disorders that includes antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic is referred to as

A)odd/eccentric.
B)dramatic/erratic/emotional.
C)anxious/fearful.
D)psychosomatic/psychobiological.

Question 15

Elsie is loving and works very hard to get along with others.On which personality trait is she likely to measure very high?

A)Agreeableness
B)Extraversion
C)Openness to experience
D)Neuroticism

Question 16

Henry has paranoid personality disorder and sometimes has difficulties at work or home because he can be

A)highly argumentative.
B)hostile.
C)sarcastic.
D)highly argumentative, hostile, and sarcastic all three.

Question 17

Which of the following is an element of personality functioning according to the dimensional model in the DSM-5?

A)Empathy
B)Detachment
C)Antagonism
D)Negative affectivity

Question 18

Jason suspects that others are harming him.He chronically doubts the loyalty of others, is afraid to confide in others, is unforgiving and bears grudges against people.He suspects that his girlfriend is cheating on him.He fits the features of

A)paranoid personality disorder.
B)schizoid personality disorder.
C)borderline personality disorder.
D)avoidant personality disorder.

Question 19

Personality disorders involve stable, long-standing, and personality traits.

A)comment
B)flexible
C)inflexible
D)unique

Question 20

In the opening case for Chapter 10, Michelle had great difficulty

A)showing emotion.
B)controlling her emotions.
C)understanding emotions.
D)understanding others' emotions.

Question 21

Racial and ethnic differences prominent in personality disorders.

A)are
B)may be
C)are not
D)can be

Question 22

Self-harm is a common feature of which personality disorder?

A)Narcissistic personality disorder
B)Borderline personality disorder
C)Psychotic personality disorder
D)Neurotic personality disorder

Question 23

Little remorse or guilt, poor behavioral control, arrogance, superficial charm, exploitativeness, and lack of empathy all describe

A)psychoanalysis.
B)psychopathy.
C)psychodynamic.
D)psychotropic.

Question 24

Billy has been experiencing discomfort in situations where he is not the center of attention.He displays emotions that shift rapidly and often do not seem real.He makes others feel uncomfortable with his inappropriately provocative style of interaction.Billy has many of the hallmarks of personality disorder.

A)histrionic
B)narcissistic
C)borderline
D)neurotic

Question 25

Jane has been struggling with anger control and impulsivity.She has made extreme attempts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, and often feels displays suicidal behavior.She constantly feels empty.Jane appears to meet the criteria for

A)narcissistic personality disorder.
B)histrionic personality disorder.
C)borderline personality disorder.
D)dependent personality disorder.

Question 26

People with display pervasive and excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behaviors.

A)narcissistic personality disorder
B)histrionic personality disorder
C)borderline personality disorder
D)dependent personality disorder

Question 27

Many people with personality disorder have extreme social anxiety, perhaps paranoia, and are odd, eccentric, and peculiar in their behavior or appearance.

A)schizophrenic personality disorder
B)schizoid personality disorder
C)schizotypal personality disorder
D)schizo-extreme personality disorder

Question 28

Odd or eccentric personality disorders are comorbid with all of the following EXCEPT for

A)ADHD.
B)psychotic disorders.
C)depressive disorders.
D)somatic symptom disorders.

Question 29

James not only seeks constant attention, but he additionally seems excessively emotional regarding his own importance.In addition, he has an intense need to be loved, desired, and involved with others on an intimate basis. He most likely has

A)non-reciprocating self-indulgence disorder.
B)ego mania personality disorder.
C)histrionic personality disorder.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 30

In borderline personality disorder, the term "borderline" describes a traditional view of this disorder as being

A)near the border of full-blown madness.
B)on the border of neurosis and psychosis.
C)restricted and unable to be expressed.
D)nondescript and ambiguous.

Question 31

The prevalence of personality disorders that occur in the general population is about

A)9 to 15.7%.
B)1 to 5%.
C)10 to 20%.
D)prevalence is not able to be quantified.

Question 32

The prevalence of odd/eccentric personality disorders in the general population is estimated at

A)less than 1%.
B)2.1%.
C)10%.
D)18.3%.

Question 33

People with schizotypal personality disorder are most likely to seek treatment for

A)anxiety or mood disorders.
B)schizophrenic medication.
C)schizo-affective personality traits.
D)eccentric personality traits.

Question 34

Approximately % of people in the general population meet the diagnostic criteria for one or more personality disorders.

A)5
B)10
C)20
D)30

Question 35

Many people with have unusual ideas, beliefs, and communication patterns.They misinterpret or over personalize events, have unusual ideas that influence their behavior, and have difficulty being understood by others.

A)schizophrenic personality disorder
B)schizoid personality disorder
C)schizotypal personality disorder
D)schizo personality disorder type I

Question 36

A pattern of behaviors that reflect extreme disregard for and violation of the rights of others are hallmark features of

A)antisocial personality disorder.
B)histrionic personality disorder.
C)narcissistic personality disorder.
D)schizophrenic personality disorder.

Question 37

Your roommate is very upset because her folks have called and informed her that her brother has been diagnosed with a personality disorder.When you ask her what kind, she says, "I don't know.They just said it was in the odd/eccentric cluster.What kind does that mean?" Although you don't know for sure what her brother's diagnosis is, you should tell her that personality disorder is the most prevalent of the disorders in that particular cluster.

A)borderline
B)schizotypal
C)paranoid
D)schizoid

Question 38

The term "borderline" reflects a traditional view that the disorder was on the border of and .

A)psychopathy; psychopathological
B)neurosis; psychosis
C)normalcy; abnormalcy
D)successful; unsuccessful

Question 39

Susan has symptoms involving criminal acts, repeated lying, irritability and aggressiveness, disregard for the safety of others, and chronic irresponsibility.She most likely has

A)histrionic personality disorder.
B)narcissistic personality disorder.
C)dependent personality disorder.
D)antisocial personality disorder.

Question 40

The dramatic personality disorders include

A)antisocial, impulsive, and dependent.
B)narcissistic, histrionic, and defensive.
C)histrionic, borderline, and antisocial.
D)borderline, overreactive, and unstable.

Question 41

People who display grandiosity, a need for admiration, and lack of empathy for others likely have which personality disorder?

A)Histrionic personality disorder
B)Antisocial personality disorder
C)Narcissistic personality disorder
D)Dependent personality disorder

Question 42

When extreme anxiety, feelings of inadequacy, and social hypersensitivity are experienced by an individual, we typically diagnose personality disorder.

A)dependent
B)anxious/ambivalent
C)withdrawn
D)avoidant

Question 43

Based upon clinical studies, more than meet criteria for borderline personality disorder.

A)men; women
B)women; men
C)children; adults
D)adults; children

Question 44

Researchers estimate that anxious/fearful personality disorders occur in % of the general population.

A)5
B)2.3
C)9
D)23

Question 45

Anxious/fearful personality disorders are often comorbid with

A)all other DSM disorders.
B)anxiety, mood, and schizophrenia.
C)mood, anxiety, and somatoform disorders.
D)a host of physical anomalies.

Question 46

Comorbidity is when assessing dramatic personality disorders.

A)not a factor
B)marginally frequent
C)highly frequent
D)always found

Question 47

The most frequently diagnosed personality disorder in inpatient and outpatient settings is

A)narcissistic personality.
B)histrionic personality.
C)antisocial personality.
D)borderline personality.

Question 48

Because of their worrying, indecision, and stress, people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder may be prone to various

A)physical and anxiety disorders.
B)somatoform and histrionic disorders.
C)personality and physical disorders.
D)cognitive and psychotic disorders.

Question 49

Clark avoids jobs in situations that require significant interpersonal contact with others.Coworkers and acquaintances see him as being shy.He is afraid of being embarrassed or rejected by others.If he were to be diagnosed with a personality disorder, what would his diagnosis most likely be?

A)Dependent personality disorder
B)Narcissistic personality disorder
C)Avoidant personality disorder
D)Histrionic personality disorder

Question 50

Idealism is characteristic of many adolescents and young adults and should not be taken for the traits and behaviors of narcissistic personality disorder.In addition, not all mental health professionals worldwide recognize narcissistic personality disorder.This means the disorder is

A)controversial.
B)unidimensional.
C)invalid.
D)undiagnosable.

Question 51

The research estimate of the frequency of dramatic personality disorders in the general population is

A)about 10%.
B)inconclusive at this time.
C)20.5%.
D)5.5%.

Question 52

Otto displays a pervasive and extreme need to be taken care of, which leads to a clingy behavior, submissiveness, and separation anxiety.Otto seems to have a(n) personality disorder.

A)dependent
B)avoidant
C)overconfident
D)anxious-high need

Question 53

The disorder that involves a pervasive, excessive need to be cared for, leading to submissiveness, clinging behavior, and fear of separation is

A)borderline personality.
B)anxious/fearful personality.
C)avoidant personality.
D)dependent personality.

Question 54

Interestingly, many people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are successful at

A)relationships.
B)parenting.
C)their career.
D)all of these areas: relationships, parenting, and career.

Question 55

Histrionic personality disorder is more prevalent among women, but must also be considered to determine whether a certain behavior indicates this disorder.

A)age and sexuality
B)culture, gender, and age norms
C)marital status
D)age and marital status

Question 56

Expressions of autonomy and self-reliance are valued more in societies, which makes people in these cultures more prone to diagnosis of personality disorder..

A)Northern; histrionic
B)Southern; obsessive-compulsive
C)Eastern; antisocial
D)Western; dependent

Question 57

The term "control freak" has often been directed toward people with personality disorder.

A)power-dominant
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)extreme detail-oriented
D)narcissistic

Question 58

People with narcissistic personality disorder who seem to have high self-confidence and self-esteem are actually

A)reserved and withdrawn.
B)vulnerable to real or perceived threats to their status.
C)depressed and anxious at the same time.
D)suffering from comorbidity.

Question 59

Among prison inmates worldwide, approximately have a personality disorder.

A)42%
B)22%
C)59%
D)82%

Question 60

People with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are

A)rigid.
B)insecure.
C)self-absorbed.
D)rigid, insecure, and self-absorbed.

Question 61

The belief that genetics may set the stage for cognitive and perceptual problems important in odd or eccentric personality disorders, especially schizotypal personality disorder, is known as a

A)psychological theory of personality disorders.
B)biological theory of personality disorders.
C)psychobiological theory of personality disorders.
D)psychosocial theory of personality disorders.

Question 62

Which of the following children is most likely to develop a personality disorder?

A)Susie, who has distant relationships with peers.
B)Jeff, who has a negative sense of self.
C)Michelle, who is overly concerned for others' needs.
D)Mike, who is highly emotionally expressive.

Question 63

Which one of the following examples of stigma is the most problematic for people with borderline personality disorder?

A)Employers are afraid they will not be reliable, and tend to not offer them jobs.
B)Family members believe they aren't trustworthy, and rarely allow them to stay in the home.
C)Mental health professionals expect them to be manipulative patients, and withdraw emotionally.
D)Friends feel they will be socially awkward, and fail to offer invitations to them for parties.

Question 64

Clint has an odd/eccentric personality disorder.As a child, his parents withdrew from him because he had unusual cognitions and behaviors that were brought on by

A)serotonin dysfunction.
B)GABA dysfunction.
C)family dysfunction.
D)dopamine dysfunction.

Question 65

Dramatic personality disorders have a significant

A)social trauma basis.
B)parenting style causation.
C)lack of information regarding cause.
D)genetic predisposition.

Question 66

Dramatic personality disorders have significant predispositions.

A)societal
B)cultural
C)genetic
D)ageism

Question 67

Various parent-child relationships, including one where parental love and attention depends on the child's attractiveness and sexual provocativeness, likely influence the development of

A)borderline personality disorder.
B)antisocial personality disorder.
C)narcissistic personality disorder.
D)histrionic personality disorder.

Question 68

Affective instability in dramatic personality disorders is likely related to to fluctuations in the neurotransmitter system.

A)undersensitivity; dopaminergic
B)oversensitivity; dopaminergic
C)undersensitivity; noradrenergic
D)oversensitivity; noradrenergic

Question 69

Which of the following cognitions is a risk factor for schizotypal personality disorder?

A)I can't trust others.
B)Others are always trying to hide their real motives.
C)Privacy is more important than closeness to me.
D)All of these are cognitions that are risk factors for schizotypal personality disorder.

Question 70

Adult psychopathy and conduct disorder in boys are associated with

A)diminished frontal lobe development.
B)diminished brain size in moral development related areas.
C)larger than normal brain ventricles.
D)inconsistent corpus callosum development.

Question 71

Dramatic personality disorders are closely related to

A)single episode.
B)inconsistent parenting models.
C)child maltreatment.
D)nutritional deficiencies.

Question 72

Childhood sexual maltreatment and poor parental bonding with a child due to perceived abandonment or factual separation are precursors to

A)antisocial personality disorder.
B)psychophysical disorders.
C)biological disorders.
D)borderline personality disorder.

Question 73

Genetics may play a small role in personality disorders, but a relatively stronger role in personality disorder.

A)paranoid and schizoid; schizotypal
B)schizotypal and schizoid; paranoid
C)paranoid and OCD; schizoid
D)schizoid and schizotypal; paranoid

Question 74

People who score high on measures of impulsivity and aggression likely have a(n) threshold for action and often act without deliberating.

A)absent
B)low
C)medium
D)high

Question 75

Psychosocial theories of primarily focused on underlying feelings of inadequacy that drive one to seek recognition from others.

A)borderline personality disorder
B)antisocial personality disorder
C)narcissistic personality disorder
D)histrionic personality disorder

Question 76

Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders are considered to be

A)odd or eccentric.
B)strange or peculiar.
C)average or sub average.
D)weak or strong.

Question 77

Because many people are conscientious, devoted to their work, organized, and perfectionistic, mental health professionals must be careful not to misdiagnose

A)histrionic personality disorder.
B)narcissistic personality disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
D)perfectionism disorder.

Question 78

Odd or eccentric personality disorders are likely caused by as well as .

A)genetic predisposition; stressors
B)family; extended family
C)academic; genetic predispositions
D)all of these may cause odd or eccentric personality disorders.

Question 79

Which of the following sets the stage for cognitive and perceptual problems important in odd or eccentric personality disorders, especially schizotypal personality disorder?

A)Socioeconomic status
B)Genetics
C)Medications
D)Academia

Question 80

Odd or eccentric personality disorders seem to have a genetic influence as well as an influence from

A)cultural demands.
B)psychosocial misunderstandings.
C)family factors.
D)life disappointments.