Deck 10: The United Nations and Humanitarian Intervention

Question 1

The United Nations Charter authorizes intervention only when there is a threat to international peace and stability.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The Nuremberg Trials established a new right of humanitarian intervention.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Nations with veto power on the U.N.Security Council

A)are the world's most populous.
B)were on the winning side in WWII.
C)have the world's largest economies.
D)are all from Europe.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The Nuremburg War Crimes Trials

A)reaffirmed the principle of non-intervention.
B)set an intellectual foundation for humanitarian intervention.
C)introduced the principle of state sovereignty.
D)are usually cited by those who oppose humanitarian intervention.

Question 5

After World War II,

A)the importance of individual rights in international law was diminished.
B)war crimes trials eroded the principle of state sovereignty in international law.
C)war crimes trials strengthened the principle of state sovereignty in international law.
D)the League of Nations failed in its attempt to promote human rights.

Question 6

The United Nations Charter explicitly condemns unilateral humanitarian interventions but endorses multilateral efforts.

Question 7

According to the United Nations Charter,

A)humanitarian interventions are permitted when the violation of rights is egregious.
B)only threats to international peace and stability can justify interventions.
C)individual rights take precedence over state sovereignty.
D)unilateral humanitarian intervention is permissible when other states are unwilling to act.

Question 8

The United Nations Charter

A)contains nothing about human rights.
B)recognizes the right of unilateral humanitarian intervention.
C)requires General Assembly approval for humanitarian interventions.
D)does not clearly resolve the tension between state sovereignty and human rights.

Question 9

As part of the structure of the United Nations Security Council,

A)all nations have equal votes.
B)any nation can veto any resolution.
C)some nations can veto any resolution.
D)no nation can veto any resolution.

Question 10

The doctrine of humanitarian intervention is most consistent with

A)liberalism.
B)feminism.
C)realism.
D)Marxism.

Question 11

The 1994 Rwandan genocide

A)proved how effective the U.N.could be after the Cold War.
B)dampened much of the post-Cold War optimism at the U.N.
C)could have been prevented if Cold War hostilities had not prevented U.N.action.
D)provides an example of successful unilateral humanitarian intervention.

Question 12

The United States' invasion of Afghanistan in the wake of the 2001 attacks would be considered an example of humanitarian intervention.

Question 13

The most important liberal principle that supports a doctrine of humanitarian interventions is

A)popular sovereignty.
B)state sovereignty.
C)the harmony of interests.
D)self-determination.

Question 14

Most advocates of humanitarian intervention see it as of little importance whether interventions are unilateral or multilateral.

Question 15

Advocates of humanitarian intervention generally prefer multilateral interventions because they

A)share the cost around.
B)are usually more successful.
C)are less likely to be motivated by narrow interests.
D)the only kind permitted by international law.

Question 16

The 2002 intervention by the United States in Afghanistan would not generally be classified as a humanitarian intervention because

A)it was not approved by the United Nations.
B)it did not improve human rights.
C)it was justified primarily on security grounds.
D)the U.S.troops were invited by the Afghanistan government.

Question 17

Humanitarian interventions are usually conducted without the target state's consent.

Question 18

The success of the United Nations in halting the Rwandan genocide led many to be optimistic about the organization's future.

Question 19

Liberal support for humanitarian interventions rests largely on the principle of state sovereignty.

Question 20

Humanitarian intervention is defined as the invited interference by a state, states, or international organization in the domestic affairs of another state to prevent and/or end human rights abuses.

Question 21

Advocates of humanitarian intervention generally prefer __________________ interventions, but they can imagine instances in which __________________ interventions might be acceptable.

Question 22

Calls for recognizing a right of humanitarian interventions tend to come from those espousing a ____________ perspective on international relations.

Question 23

Advocates of humanitarian intervention have to confront the problem of ____________________, or the fact that societies and cultures have some different conceptions of what constitutes basic human rights.

Question 24

Realists only support humanitarian intervention if it has the sanction of the United Nations.

Question 25

______________, ______________, ______________, _____________, and _____________ are the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.

Question 26

The doctrine of _____________________ is controversial under international law is a matter of some controversy because of the unresolved tensions between the principles of individual rights and state sovereignty.

Question 27

_____________________ is one of the more influential organizations working to increase awareness of human rights abuses around the world.

Question 28

In what sense were the post-World War II war crimes trials critical events in the evolution in international law?

Question 29

One of the critical problems for a doctrine of humanitarian intervention is the creation and preservation of international support and legitimacy.How do supporters of humanitarian intervention suggest that this support and legitimacy be obtained? Why are critics skeptical that these solutions will actually work?

Question 30

Explain how the doctrines of popular sovereignty and state sovereignty shape the debate over humanitarian intervention

Question 31

Liberals tend to look more favorably on humanitarian interventions than realists.

Question 32

The permanent members of the ______________________can block any action of resolutions by casting their veto.

Question 33

The ____________________ after WWII began to undermine the principle of state sovereignty in international law.

Question 34

Interestingly, both __________________ and __________________ believe that any doctrine of humanitarian intervention is bound to reflect and serve the interests of the powerful.

Question 35

Beginning in the 1800s the doctrine of _______________________ began to undermine the idea that states were entitled to do whatever they wanted on their territory.

Question 36

Realists argue that only multilateral interventions approved by the United Nations can be genuinely impartial.

Question 37

Any nation on the United Nations Security Council could prevent a humanitarian intervention by voting no.

Question 38

The 1994 genocide in ______________ cast doubt on the ability of the United Nations to end or prevent egregious human rights abuses.

Question 39

The UN Charter supports external intervention in a state's domestic affairs only when there is a threat to __________________________.

Question 40

Why do advocates of humanitarian intervention tend to view unilateral interventions with skepticism without completely rejecting them?

Question 41

The debates over humanitarian intervention and the effectiveness of the United Nations are almost impossible to separate.Explain why and how these issues are so closely related.