Deck 2: Understanding Family Diversity

Question 1

Economic hardship places young children at risk for

A)difficult peer relationships
B)low self-esteem.
C)school problems.
D)all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The risks that children face due to _____ are more severe than any other factor for their optimal development and school success.

A)disabilities
B)race
C)gender
D)poverty

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Unique family customs, stories, and celebrations sustain a family's

A)ethnicity.
B)religion.
C)race.
D)all of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Family decisions and behaviors are based on

A)culture.
B)income.
C)values.
D)all of the above

Question 5

The ultimate goal for celebrating diversity in early childhood programs is

A)to create an atmosphere of inclusiveness.
B)to be sure that each child and family feels a sense of belonging.
C)to demonstrate sensitivity to all types of differences in families.
D)all of the above

Question 6

Who defines a family?

A)schools
B)communities
C)families
D)society

Question 7

The most important time for father presence in children's lives is probably

A)during adolescence.
B)from 9 to 12 years.
C)from 5 to 8 years.
D)during the first three years of life.

Question 8

The path out of poverty is typically based on

A)education.
B)specialized training.
C)both A and B
D)none of the above

Question 9

Children from interracial families

A)typically identify with only one race.
B)see themselves as members of all races represented in their biology.
C)view themselves as a member of the race (s) with whom they spend the most time.
D)none of the above

Question 10

Cultures

A)are stagnant.
B)change in rational and predictable manners.
C)are not influenced by geography.
D)influence one another.

Question 11

In 2004, the U.S.poverty rate for children under six stood at

A)nearly 20 percent.
B)nearly 15 percent.
C)nearly 30 percent.
D)none of the above

Question 12

Ordinary daily interactions that children have with others provide shared knowledge of

A)a family's culture.
B)beliefs of other families.
C)relationships.
D)mainstream societal perspectives.

Question 13

The effects of racism

A)impact beliefs and practices in non-majority ethnic groups.
B)have no influence on ethnic group beliefs or practices.
C)lead to conflicts within ethnic groups.
D)only affect individuals who have experienced such bias.

Question 14

Research demonstrates that children of lesbian mothers

A)are much like other children in relation to gender role identity.
B)are more likely to enter lesbian relationships as adults.
C)are more likely to enter heterosexual relationships as adults.
D)are often confused and in need of mental health professionals.

Question 15

A family's religiosity

A)cannot be addressed or acknowledged by early childhood teachers.
B)may be known or unknown by early childhood teachers.
C)must be respected just as other differences are respected.
D)both B and C

Question 16

Gender role expectations in families may be influenced by

A)culture.
B)ethnicity.
C)income levels.
D)all of the above

Question 17

What proportion of all children in the United States will spend some of their childhood in a family headed by a single woman?

A)25 percent
B)50 percent
C)75 percent
D)90 percent

Question 18

Appalachian families have been documented to value

A)financial success.
B)spirituality.
C)humility.
D)both B and C

Question 19

Which statement is most accurate?

A)Mothers and fathers play similar roles in families.
B)Mothers' roles are more similar to one another; fathers' roles are more varied.
C)Fathers' roles are more similar to one another; mothers' roles are more varied.
D)There is great variation in mothers' roles across ethnicity and culture.

Question 20

A psychologist who has written about the "hurried child" and "miseducation" of young children is

A)Marian Wright Edelman.
B)Urie Bronfenbenner.
C)Lev Vygotsky.
D)David Elkind.

Question 21

Cultural views

A)are consistent among all members of a cultural group.
B)may be related to different perspectives on education.
C)are easily evaluated on a scale of morality.
D)should be subject to educational institutions' policies.

Question 22

Spanish is the first language in roughly ____ percent of families in the U.S.

A)20
B)15
C)10
D)5

Question 23

The role of the school principal is _____ in relation to family involvement.

A)minimal
B)critical
C)equated to any given teacher
D)unknown

Question 24

When working with interracial children, teachers are best advised to

A)check with families about which racial identification they have chosen for their child.
B)consider the child's physical appearance and apply that racial identification.
C)feature cultural customs of all races represented in each child.
D)ignore racial differences in the classroom.

Question 25

Families from which geographic region tend to emphasize the importance of spirituality over financial success?

A)Southern
B)Northwestern
C)Appalachians
D)Great Smokies

Question 26

Women have been increasingly able to obtain employment that pays reasonable wages due to

A)greater access to higher education.
B)changes in the social and economic climates.
C)easy access to high quality child care.
D)reliable birth control.

Question 27

Marian Wright Edelman notes that these obstacles must be removed for families to get out of poverty.

A)lack of health care, transportation and child care
B)too many jobs paying minimum wage
C)too much competition for desirable jobs
D)none of the above

Question 28

The iceberg model of culture is an effort to

A)identify cultures that are emotionally cooler or warmer.
B)explain that while some cultural behaviors and customs are easily observable, others are less concrete but deeply rooted in individuals.
C)describe ways that discrimination is intentional.
D)relate cultural differences to climate differences.

Question 29

The largest number of children living in poverty in the U.S.is from which racial/ethnic background?

A)Black
B)Hispanic
C)Asian
D)White

Question 30

Climate, terrain, and history are among the variables that influence differences in families related to

A)ethnicity.
B)religiosity.
C)geography.
D)all of the above

Question 31

Cultural differences often lead to

A)unresolvable conflict.
B)differences in understanding and knowledge.
C)denial of discrimination.
D)weakened microsystems.

Question 32

After English and Spanish, the most common languages spoken by U.S.families are

A)Chinese, French, and German.
B)Russian, French, and Chinese.
C)Japanese, Korean, and Chinese.
D)French, German, and Portuguese.

Question 33

Teachers practicing in early intervention or early childhood special education settings must build partnerships with families

A)by contracting with each family to track their engagement with their child's education.
B)by treating each and every family the same.
C)by downplaying a child's special needs and focusing only on strengths.
D)by demonstrating respect and knowledge about educating children.

Question 34

The "two faces of fatherhood" refers to

A)same-sex and opposite-sex parenting.
B)a current perspective that some fathers are increasing involvement with their children, but others are absent with little emotional or financial responsibility for their children.
C)most fathers will have children who have different mothers.
D)cultural differences in the role of fathers.

Question 35

Ross Parke found that

A)from infancy to adolescence, mothers spend more time with their children than do fathers.
B)from infancy to adolescence, fathers spend more time with their children than do mothers.
C)mothers spend more time with children during infancy, but fathers spend more time with children after age ten years.
D)mothers and fathers spend about equal time with children after children are about five years of age.

Question 36

In the United States, rates of poverty

A)differ significantly by geographic region.
B)are close to the national average in all regions.
C)tend to vary widely based on economic conditions.
D)are usually highest in New England states.

Question 37

Which of the following suggestions is not included in relation to diversity and the NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct?

A)Children are best understood in the context of family, culture, community and society.
B)Welcome all family members and encourage them to participate in the program.
C)Through sensitive observation, decide which family members would be the best classroom volunteers and then confidentially invite them to participate in this capacity.
D)Respect the dignity and preferences of each family.

Question 38

Concerns of early childhood educators regarding children of gay and lesbian families are related to

A)children's morality.
B)possibilities of children spending time with sexual predators.
C)children's physical and psychological safety due to bigotry and hate in society.
D)children receiving appropriate nurturing.

Question 39

An organization that has made a clear connection between advocating for children and families and religiosity is

A)ASPCA.
B)PTA.
C)NAACP.
D)CDF.

Question 40

A young child's home language

A)may or may not be English.
B)should not take precedence in English-speaking schools.
C)may differ from the language spoken most often by their families at home.
D)should be banned in the classroom.

Question 41

The risks faced by ____ children are unmatched by any other single variable.

A)poor
B)working class
C)cultural minority
D)preschool

Question 42

Illustrate and explain the iceberg model for understanding culture.Provide an anecdote related to this model from your lived experiences.

Question 43

Select four of the eight research-based recommendations for specific ways to involve diverse families in their children's education, also referred to as inclusiveness.Of the four that you selected, choose one and explain why you believe it to be the most important recommendation.

Question 44

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
a group's "peoplehood"

Question 45

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
set of expectations about how men and women should act

Question 46

Discuss language differences among families and paraphrase the four recommendations made by NAEYC for respecting linguistic diversity when working with families.

Question 47

It is important that early childhood teachers understand the deleterious effects of poverty on young children and families.Explain three reasons that early childhood teachers might be concerned.Also, explain some of the documented effects of poverty on young children.

Question 48

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
characteristic based on physical differences of humans

Question 49

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
the most serious risk factor for young children

Question 50

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
supports the idea that women and girls are competent

Question 51

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
celebration of diversity leads to this

Question 52

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
females' relevance is only in context of relationships with males

Question 53

Recommendations for practices that foster an inclusive environment so that all families can participate in their children's education have been offered by Boethel.List and discuss at least five of these practices.

Question 54

Define and explain differences among the terms: ethnicity, race and culture.How is it helpful for teachers to understand these terms?

Question 55

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
key characteristic of all families

Question 56

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
family involvement policies must now consider

Question 57

Identify and explain seven research-based determinants of father involvement in their children's lives.Explain how you will apply any aspect of these determinants to encourage father involvement with the children that you are teaching or will teach.

Question 58

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.ethnicity
b.race
c.culture
d.inclusive practice
e.poverty
f.love and emotional support
g.gender role
h.feminist perspective
i.patriarchal perspective
j.all areas of diversity
unique experiences and history of a group of people