Deck 9: Let Your Motto Be Resistance

Question 1

If names were removed from the photograph of the Philadelphia Anti-Slavery Society that appears in Chapter 9,how would historians know that this was a group of American abolitionists?

A) Men and women sit and stand in a room with curtains hanging in the back.
B) Men and women stare away from the camera as they fold their arms and hold books.
C) The membership of the group is racially diverse, well dressed, and includes women.
D) The group includes married couples.

Answer 1

The membership of the group is racially diverse, well dressed, and includes women.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about the riots during the 1830s and the 1840s?

A) They rarely did physical damage to cities but murdered large numbers of blacks.
B) They were instigated by angry blacks protesting the conditions of their lives.
C) They grew in number as the abolitionist movement grew.
D) They were located mainly in the South.

Answer 2

They grew in number as the abolitionist movement grew.

Question 3

What were some of the problems the antislavery movement encountered in its early efforts?

A) Whites refused to allow blacks to have equal status in the organizations.
B) Antislavery organizations in Canada tried to discredit American organizations.
C) The antislavery movement was listed for eradication by the federal government.
D) Whites in California refused to accept changes made by northern whites.

Answer 3

Whites refused to allow blacks to have equal status in the organizations.

Question 4

How did the Gag Rule controversy end in Congress?

A) It continued in place until the Civil War made the Gag Rule unnecessary in 1861.
B) It was repealed in 1844 through the efforts of John Quincy Adams.
C) It was vetoed by the President immediately after it was passed in 1836.
D) It was found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court and repealed in 1840.

Question 5

How did whites address racism in the 1830s and 1840s?

A) Many whites began to denounce racism in this time period.
B) Scientists argued that white people white Americans were a superior race culturally, physically, and intellectually; they were, therefore, entitled to rule over other races.
C) Scientists argued that race was the product of environment and could be altered through education.
D) Scientists argued that nonwhites began the human race but did not benefit it technologically.

Question 6

What were the goals of the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS)?

A) the restriction of slavery to the South where it already existed
B) the immediate end to slavery, with no compensation for owners
C) the gradual end to slavery, with some compensation to owners for their losses
D) the immediate end to slavery, with some compensation for owners

Question 7

What was the most important black institution during the antislavery movement?

A) newspapers
B) mutual aid societies
C) labor organizations
D) churches

Question 8

According to Map 9-1,most antiblack and antiabolitionist riots took place in what region of the nation?

A) the South
B) the Northeast
C) the Far West
D) the Southwest

Question 9

What was the most significant abolitionist society?

A) American Colonization Society
B) Americans for a Democratic Society
C) Christian Freedom Organization of Philadelphia
D) American Anti-Slavery Society

Question 10

What were the activities undertaken by the Free Produce Association in the early 1830s?

A) It bought produce produced by African American slaves to benefit free blacks.
B) It pressured slaveholders by lobbying against buying produce grown by slaves.
C) It lobbied Congress to expand slavery into the American Southwest.
D) It worked with the American Colonization Society to colonize free blacks in Africa.

Question 11

Examine the broadside announcing an abolitionist meeting in New York that appears in Chapter 9.What message does the broadside proclaim to American readers?

A) Abolitionism is fine for America but not for Europe.
B) Abolitionism is southern policy but not northern policy.
C) Abolitionism is an outrage against American rights and values.
D) Abolitionism is God's law and should be embraced.

Question 12

Which of the following were the frequent targets of antiblack mobs?

A) black newspapers and neighborhoods
B) black politicians and athletes
C) black women and children
D) black policeman and fireman

Question 13

Examine Map 9-1.Where were the worst and most frequent race riots?

A) New Orleans
B) Philadelphia
C) Charleston
D) New York City

Question 14

What types of arguments did the American Anti-Slavery Society use to convince people that slavery should be abolished?

A) They tried to convince people that slavery was a moral value praised by God.
B) They tried to convince people that slavery led to brutality and violence.
C) They tried to convince people that slavery was an efficient economic system.
D) They noted that slavery should only be allowed by inferior countries like France.

Question 15

How did northern white mobs impact the antislavery movement?

A) White mobs made no discernible impact on the antislavery movement.
B) White mobs made a minor impact by criticizing the antislavery movement in the press.
C) White mobs made a significant impact by attacking abolitionists and newspapers.
D) White mobs assisted the antislavery movement by attacking southern whites.

Question 16

How did southern postmasters frequently respond to the delivery of antislavery literature to their communities?

A) They enthusiastically disseminated the literature.
B) They reluctantly disseminated the literature.
C) They burned the literature.
D) They sent it back to the abolitionist societies.

Question 17

What role did the Black Convention Movement play in the abolitionist movement?

A) It had no role at all, since whites cracked down on the organization and refused to allow it to meet.
B) It was a very conservative force, arguing that white supremacy should be acceptable if whites were kind to blacks.
C) It called for violent uprisings to slaughter slaveholders in the South.
D) It provided a forum for antislavery ideas and the development of black leadership.

Question 18

What aspects of the 1845 cover illustration for sheet music indicates the stereotype that Douglass found himself trapped within as he continued to lecture for the American Anti-Slavery Society?

A) Douglass is shown in romanticized escape gear and clothing as the fugitive slave.
B) Douglass is shown in a uniform given to obedient slaves by their masters.
C) Douglass is shown in a jester costume befitting the comedian image of slavery.
D) Douglass is shown in a children's outfit indicating the paternal and dependent slave.

Question 19

How were blacks treated in the American Anti-Slavery Society?

A) They were often refused leadership roles or significant influence in decision-making.
B) They were considered, and treated as, the complete equals to whites.
C) They were never allowed to be members of the American Anti-Slavery Society.
D) The only black member was Frederick Douglass.

Question 20

Who did the native born Protestants in the U.S.view as culturally subversive?

A) Protestant white elites
B) Roman Catholics immigrants
C) the Protestant white working class
D) the British

Question 21

Why did free blacks in the northern states embrace the New York wing of the Liberty Party?

A) It advocated working closely with southern slave masters to legally free slaves.
B) It advocated the most aggressive action against slavery and helped slaves escape.
C) It advocated for a peaceful political solution to the slavery question.
D) It advocated sending all free blacks back to Africa to rid the nation of the race issue.

Question 22

What influence did black newspapers exert on the antislavery movement?

A) Black newspapers played no role in the movement.
B) Black newspapers played a minor role by announcing abolitionist meetings.
C) Black newspapers played a major role in denouncing slavery and slaveholders.
D) Black newspapers dominated the antislavery press over white publications.

Question 23

What were the most important results of the black convention movement?

A) They provided a venue for black leaders to isolate themselves from mainstream American society.
B) They provided a venue for abolitionists to discuss issues and adapt to American sectionalism.
C) They provided a venue for southern whites to vent their concerns to free blacks.
D) They provided a venue for white politicians to secure black votes.

Question 24

How were black churches important to the abolitionist movement?

A) Clergy attacked slavery and discrimination.
B) Black churches were generally not very important, because they refused to get involved in any political issues within the community.
C) Churches provided 75 percent of all funds to the antislavery organizations.
D) Because black churches were still controlled by whites, they made few contributions.

Question 25

How did the underground railroad help to end slavery?

A) It assisted southern whites in recapturing escaped slaves, hastening the end of slavery.
B) It funded many African Americans' return to Africa and reduced the number of slaves in the U.S.
C) It helped slaves escape and undermined slavery in the South.
D) It lobbied Congress to end slavery through slave rebellions.

Question 26

Why are black people attacking white people on a ship in the 1840 engraving of the Amistad?

A) White prison inmates are attempting to escape a prison ship as black sailors subdue them.
B) Black sailors attempt to keep white indentured servants under control en route to the U.S.
C) Black slaves are killing white captors as they take over a slave ship.
D) Free blacks are attempting to migrate to Africa for the first time.

Question 27

What was the relationship between free black population numbers and free black community institutions in northern cities during the antebellum era?

A) As free black population numbers declined, community institutions declined.
B) As free black population numbers declined, community institutions increased.
C) As free black population numbers increased, community institutions increased.
D) As free black population numbers increased, community institutions decreased.

Question 28

How did the New York Liberty Party interpret the Constitution?

A) They felt that it supported slavery and should be replaced or amended.
B) They felt that it outlawed slavery throughout the entire country.
C) They thought that it provided a justification for outlawing slavery in the territories.
D) They felt it should be abolished and replaced with a semi-communistic system.

Question 29

Where did Madison Washington take the Creole to gain his and his shipmates' freedom?

A) Canada
B) British Bahamas
C) Haiti
D) Key West

Question 30

How are the Amistad and Creole slave revolts linked to the final end of slavery in 1865?

A) Both reduced the hopes of blacks for the eventual end of slavery.
B) Both inspired northern and southern blacks but not whites to end slavery.
C) Both inspired northern whites but not blacks to end slavery.
D) Both inspired both northern whites and blacks to end slavery.

Question 31

What was the main difference between the Liberty Party and the "Old Organization" of the AASS?

A) The "Old Organization" stopped participating in politics, and the Liberty Party was an official third party in the American political system.
B) The Liberty Party stopped participating in politics, and the "Old Organization" was an official third party in the American political system.
C) The "Old Organization" became far more prominent in politics than the Liberty Party.
D) The Liberty Party wanted to destroy the Constitution, since it promoted and defended slavery while the "Old Organization" condoned the Constitution.

Question 32

What was the extent of black participation in the new AFASS versus the AASS?

A) The AFASS forbid any black involvement.
B) The AFASS allowed blacks a more prominent leadership role.
C) The AFASS had more black members, but refused to allow blacks to be leaders.
D) The AASS allowed blacks a more prominent leadership role.

Question 33

How did the black community interact with the abolitionist movement?

A) The black community largely ignored the abolitionist movement.
B) The black community worked against and suppressed the abolitionist movement in the media.
C) The black community physically attacked antislavery lectures and organizations.
D) The black community supported and protected the abolitionist movement.

Question 34

What did Joseph Cinque and Madison Washington have in common?

A) They both led successful revolts aboard ships to gain their freedom.
B) They both led unsuccessful revolts and were killed by the American government.
C) They were both successful black lawyers who defended slavery.
D) They were both white men who fought for greater restrictions on slaves.

Question 35

The 1840 engraving of a slave uprising on board the Amistad provides insights into what aspects of the Amistad slave revolt?

A) the joy and happiness of the slaves in the slave revolt
B) the violence and chaos of the slave revolt
C) the obedience of the slaves and crew to maritime law during the revolt
D) the evil and sinful nature of the revolt

Question 36

The American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society was formed by which of the following men?

A) William Lloyd Garrison
B) Frederick Douglass
C) Lewis Tappan
D) Martin Delany

Question 37

Who were the main leaders of the underground railroad in the early 1840s?

A) Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass
B) Charles T.Torrey and Thomas Smallwood
C) Harriet Beecher Stowe and Maria Stewart
D) Madison Washington and Cinque

Question 38

How does the humorous story related in the Voices excerpt titled "Frederick Douglass Describes an Awkward Situation" reveal the central problems confronting abolitionist lecturers in the 1830s and 1840s?

A) Lecturers confronted racist assumptions about segregation and black people.
B) Lecturers dealt with angry free black populations who wanted them to leave.
C) Lecturers adjusted to the abundance of followers who swarmed them everywhere.
D) Lecturers endured state militia attacks on their hotels and meeting houses.

Question 39

What political party became the first antislavery political party?

A) Democratic Party
B) Republican Party
C) Liberty Party
D) Whig Party

Question 40

Where did most slaves on the underground railroad originate?

A) the Deep South
B) the northern states
C) the western states
D) the border states

Question 41

Which of the following statements is true of the underground railroad?

A) Escapees never returned to help others escape because it was too dangerous.
B) The conductors of the railroad avoided the state of Ohio.
C) Blacks were the only ones on the railroad while whites took part as slave catchers.
D) Technology such as railroads and steamboats often helped slaves to escape.

Question 42

What was the general impact of the black nationalistic efforts on the antislavery movement?

A) They had little effect.
B) They were very influential.
C) They had no impact.
D) No data exists by which to make an accurate assessment.

Question 43

Black newspapers faced difficulties finding readers because most African Americans were poor,and many were illiterate.

Question 44

Examine the only surviving photograph of Mary Ann Shadd Cary.What aspect of the photograph would suggest that she was a supporter of racial integration?

A) It shows a Native American woman.
B) It shows a Chinese American woman.
C) It shows a mixed race woman.
D) It shows a white woman.

Question 45

Mary Ann Shadd Cary became the chief advocate of black migration to Canada West.

Question 46

How did Frederick Douglass address issues of integration and black nationalism?

A) He supported migration to Africa.
B) He approved of a separate black nation, but within America.
C) He was an ardent integrationist.
D) He argued that blacks should start a race war.

Question 47

In 1847 Frederick Douglass lost his independence and his newspaper,The North Star.

Question 48

The underground railroad must be understood within the context of increasing southern white violence against black families, slave resistance, and aggressive northern abolitionism.

Question 49

In the except from Martin Delany in the Voices section,how does Delany connect black nationalism to the problems of the black community?

A) He says blacks need to work against the abolitionist movement because it harms free blacks.
B) He says blacks need to engage in integration efforts to win the hearts of white America.
C) He says blacks need to resort to slave rebellions and arson to force whites to give up slavery.
D) He says blacks need to band together, form their own organizations, and go back to Africa.

Question 50

Why did some black abolitionists become increasingly militant during the 1840s?

A) They were inspired by several slave rebellions and mutinies on ships.
B) They were frustrated about the decrease of Irish immigration to the U.S.
C) They were angry about whites continuing to subordinate women.
D) They were heartened by the end of slavery officially in Texas and Mississippi.

Question 51

Under President James K.Polk,the United States adopted a peaceful foreign policy,especially toward the Republic of Mexico,located on its southwestern border.

Question 52

As railroad mileage expanded in the eastern United States,railroad power,speed,and organization served as a metaphor for escape networks on the underground railroad.

Question 53

Why did black militancy rise in the 1840s?

A) Black abolitionists came to believe that white abolitionists enjoyed debate more than action against slavery.
B) Less numbers of African Americans were escaping from slavery and arriving in the northern states seeking jobs and education.
C) The U.S.Congress began to pass laws curtailing slavery in the South.
D) The nation of Mexico joined the U.S.in expanding slavery into Central America.

Question 54

Antiblack riots coincided with the start of immediate abolitionism during the late 1820s.

Question 55

Why do we know very little about the underground railroad?

A) The records of the organization were burned in a fire set by white mobs.
B) It was a myth told by antislavery advocates to keep black slaves hopeful.
C) It was a secret and unofficial organization with no centralized command.
D) It existed for only two years, and had only one leader, Harriet Tubman.

Question 56

The Compromise of __________ subjected African Americans to additional violence because part of the Compromise met slaveholders' demands for a stronger fugitive slave law.

Question 57

Why did Frederick Douglass become disillusioned with the AASS?

A) The AASS refused to turn toward violence, which he began to advocate as a fugitive slave.
B) His white colleagues seemed to value him more for being a fugitive slave than for his oratory and intelligence.
C) He was upset because the AASS refused to press for the abolition of slavery in foreign countries as well as the United States.
D) He felt that the organization should turn toward the example of France and Spain in abolishing slavery.

Question 58

Abolitionist aid to escaping slaves and their defense of fugitive slaves from recapture pushed southern leaders to adopt policies that led to secession and the Civil War.

Question 59

The best-documented underground railroad organizations centered in Ripley, Ohio, and Washington, D.C.

Question 60

By 1841 Frederick Douglass was working as an antislavery lecturer.

Question 61

Abolitionists criticized northern __________ who thrived by manufacturing cloth from cotton produced by slave labor.

Question 62

Why was the issue of Texas important to African Americans?

Question 63

Discuss the origins,development,and aftermath of the antiblack riots that took place during the 1830s and the 1840s.Why were they worst in Philadelphia?

Question 64

The black __________ movement revived during the 1840s as the antislavery movement became more militant.

Question 65

What was the significance of the underground railroad? What risks were involved?

Question 66

What is the relationship of black nationalism and militancy to the formation and focus of the vigilance societies formed by northern black abolitionists in the 1840s?

Question 67

A colleague of Frederick Douglass who sometimes collaborated with him in writing articles for The North Star was __________.

Question 68

Frederick Douglass escaped to _________ in 1838.

Question 69

Why did the AASS break up? What issues were involved?

Question 70

In early 1846 President James Polk, fearing a war, backed away from confronting Britain over __________, agreeing to split its territory along the 49th degree of latitude.

Question 71

Frederick Douglass was born a slave in _________ in 1818.

Question 72

In 1836 __________ won independence and,as a slaveholding republic,applied for annexation to the United States as a slave state.

Question 73

What was moral suasion? Why was it an effective argument at the time?

Question 74

What were some of the characteristics of the American Anti-Slavery Society? Why was it significant?

Question 75

What aspects of the personality of Frederick Douglass influenced his public antislavery work during his lifetime?

Question 76

Why were black newspapers not as influential as black churches?

Question 77

The American School of __________ justified white Americans in their continued enslavement of African Americans and extermination of American Indians.

Question 78

What aspects of Canadian history made Canada West safe for fugitive slaves?

Question 79

The strategy of _________ was adopted by the American Antislavery Society in the 1830s as a tactic to persuade whites to act against slavery.