Deck 10: “And Black People Were at the Heart of It”

Question 1

How did the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 strengthen previous laws?

A) The law required only lawmakers to help capture suspected runaways.
B) The law would punish citizens who failed to help capture runaways.
C) Southerners were personally responsible for recapturing their slaves.
D) It actually weakened previous laws, due to abolitionist outcry.

Answer 1

The law would punish citizens who failed to help capture runaways.

Question 2

What was the result of fugitive slave Anthony Burns's case?

A) Burns was recaptured by his master and returned to slavery.
B) Many southern whites were disturbed by Burns being taken back into slavery.
C) President Lincoln called upon state troops to ensure that Burns was returned to slavery.
D) Burns was murdered by his southern master shortly after capture.

Answer 2

Burns was recaptured by his master and returned to slavery.

Question 3

Examine the leaflet titled "Effects of the Fugitive-Slave-Law" that appears in Chapter 10.What elements of the image indicate the viewpoint of the image-maker?

A) Four black men are shown, indicating black support for fugitive laws.
B) A group of slave-catchers are shown in the background, indicating support for fugitive laws.
C) The wooded terrain and agricultural fields of the setting indicate disagreement with fugitive laws.
D) A group of black men flees slave-catchers, indicating disagreement with fugitive laws.

Answer 3

A group of black men flees slave-catchers, indicating disagreement with fugitive laws.

Question 4

What does the story of Margaret Garner reveal about fugitive slaves?

A) The underground railroad worked very well.
B) Some slaves were very brave and would return to the South to help others escape.
C) Some slaves were willing to kill their children rather than have them grow up as slaves.
D) Black men continued to face sexual exploitation even outside of slavery.

Question 5

One of the more important components of the Compromise of 1850 was __________.

A) admitting Utah as a free state
B) a tougher fugitive slave act
C) the continuation of the slave trade only in Washington, D.C.
D) the admission of Oregon as a free state

Question 6

How did the federal government react over the fugitive slave incident in Christiana,Pennsylvania in 1851?

A) The president sent federal troops in to help free the slaves.
B) The president attempted to prosecute those who had helped the slaves escape.
C) The president ordered the arsenal destroyed, with the slaves inside it.
D) The president ignored the incident since the state militia had the matter under control.

Question 7

The Wilmot Proviso,if it had passed,would have __________.

A) allowed slavery in any area of the United States
B) gained Canada from the British
C) prohibited slavery in any lands acquired from Mexico
D) made Mexicans and American Indian slaves alongside blacks, in the territory acquired from Mexico

Question 8

Examine the pamphlet that depicts the "trial" and return of Anthony Burns to slavery.Why is Burns shown in professional clothing in the center image?

A) to emphasize his support of slavery
B) to reveal his presidential aspirations
C) to call attention to the superiority of blacks over whites
D) to emphasize his dignity and success as a free man

Question 9

Examine the pamphlet that depicts the "trial" and return of Anthony Burns to slavery.Why are the images surrounding Burns's portrait included in the visual presentation?

A) to call attention to the importance of re-enslaving Burns
B) to emphasize the positive qualities of fugitive slave laws
C) to reveal the thinking of European elites
D) to focus on the injustices of fugitive slave laws

Question 10

How did African-American antislavery advocates respond to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850?

A) They demanded that their supporters disobey the law or resort to violence.
B) They realized they had to accept the law or face additional violence.
C) They immediately began a mass migration to Canada.
D) They disbanded their antislavery organizations.

Question 11

What was discovered in California in 1848 that caused settlers to pour in from all over the country?

A) cotton
B) gold
C) oil
D) buffalo

Question 12

Which party formed in 1848 to prevent the expansion of slavery into the territories?

A) Liberty Party
B) Free-Soil Party
C) Republican Party
D) Democratic Party

Question 13

What was the idea of free labor?

A) an idea accepted by most northern whites that emphasized the importance of free men and women working for a living
B) the idea that all people should be free
C) the idea of the South that all slaves were free because their labor was free
D) a racist doctrine adopted by whites that stated blacks' labor should not be paid because they were inferior to whites

Question 14

What effect did the new fugitive slave laws have on many whites in the North?

A) Whites were overjoyed to have the blacks removed from their territory.
B) Whites generally paid little attention to any issue involving blacks.
C) Whites were horrified as they personally witnessed scenes of slaves being recaptured.
D) Whites in the North renounced racism and began to immediately work for black voting rights.

Question 15

How did William and Ellen Craft escape from slavery?

A) Ellen passed for a sickly white man, accompanied by "his" slave, William.
B) They killed their master and several people along the way.
C) They escaped with the assistance of Harriet Tubman and the underground railroad.
D) They took a boat from Charleston to Haiti.

Question 16

How did some northern communities react to fugitive slave laws prior to 1850?

A) They tried to comply with the laws entirely to avoid southern state prosecution.
B) They passed personal liberty laws making it illegal for police to capture runaways.
C) They declared the laws null and void under the Constitution.
D) They decided to fire on Fort Sumter, starting the Civil War.

Question 17

What eventually happened to the Crafts?

A) Like all other slaves found under the Fugitive Slave Act, they were returned to their former owner and severely punished.
B) They were killed as they tried to return to the South to retrieve their children.
C) They escaped to England with the help of abolitionists in Boston.
D) They fled to Cuba.

Question 18

What does the story of Shadrach Minkins tell us about the Fugitive Slave Act?

A) Abolitionists were prepared to break the laws to help slaves.
B) Whites in the North were just as racist as whites in the South.
C) Black churches were very important in helping slaves escape to freedom.
D) Abolitionists sometimes let slaves be returned to slavery.

Question 19

Most of the Forty-Niners in California were __________.

A) African American
B) male
C) immigrants from Asia
D) former prisoners hoping for a chance to redeem their lives

Question 20

Why did most northern whites oppose the expansion of slavery into the territories?

A) They felt that it would hurt them economically.
B) They thought that all blacks should be socially superior to whites.
C) They all objected to slavery as a moral evil.
D) They felt that it was important for America to spread ideals of equality for all.

Question 21

What is meant by "nativist"?

A) "abolitionist"
B) "racism"
C) "opposed to immigration"
D) "patriotic"

Question 22

How did the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin influence white Americans?

A) The book forced many northerners to understand the horrors of slavery.
B) The book inspired little reaction in the South because no one heard about it there.
C) Northern whites mounted military assaults against the Supreme Court after reading the book.
D) Southern whites abolished slavery in several states after reading the book.

Question 23

What does the Sumner-Brooks incident tell us about the United States in 1856?

A) Violence would not go unpunished in Congress.
B) The South was beginning to turn against slavery.
C) The North valued the idea of free labor over the Fugitive Slave Act.
D) Slavery was becoming such a divisive issue that members of Congress, where all issues should be debated peacefully, were engaging in physical violence.

Question 24

How is the Dred Scott decision an example of the Supreme Court's viewpoint towards slavery in the 1850s?

A) The court ruled that Scott was free, indicating the antislavery sentiment of the court.
B) The court ruled that Scott's case should return to the lower courts, indicating indecisiveness regarding slavery by the court.
C) The court ruled that Scott was to remain a slave, indicating the proslavery leanings of the court.
D) The court ruled that Scott's case should be decided by European courts, indicating an unwillingness of the court to deal with the slavery issue.

Question 25

How did "popular sovereignty" work in Kansas?

A) Popular sovereignty enabled Kansas to enter the Union as a free state.
B) Kansas became "Bleeding Kansas," where both pro- and antislavery forces engaged in acts of violence and terrorism.
C) Popular sovereignty worked well, although it took 50 years for Kansas to finally become a state.
D) Popular sovereignty was not accepted by the people of Kansas.

Question 26

Around what main principle did the Know-Nothing Party organize?

A) to eliminate schools for blacks
B) to protect "American" values from immigrants
C) to upgrade white schools
D) to eliminate slavery from America

Question 27

Which of the following groups was pleased by the Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case?

A) abolitionists
B) most whites in the North, especially in Massachusetts
C) white southerners
D) most settlers in the far West, since it had nothing to do with them

Question 28

Why did Preston Brooks attack Charles Sumner?

A) Sumner had accused Brooks's uncle of keeping a slave as his mistress and lover.
B) Sumner had had an affair with one of Brooks's slaves.
C) Sumner had physically attacked Brooks earlier that year.
D) The two men had been fighting since they were children about white men's access to slave women.

Question 29

What was the significance of the Kansas-Nebraska Act regarding slavery?

A) The Kansas-Nebraska Act did not address the slavery issue.
B) The Kansas-Nebraska Act outlawed slavery in all remaining American territory.
C) The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise line, with the possibility that slavery would be allowed in areas it never had before.
D) The Kansas-Nebraska Act abolished slavery in the border states.

Question 30

What were the main issues in the Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858?

A) the discovery of gold in California
B) slavery and race
C) secession of the South
D) the expansion of the powers of the federal government

Question 31

Examine the image of the Rochester convention that appears in Chapter 10.Why does the artist depict a black man standing with his arm in the air?

A) to underscore the inferiority of blacks compared to whites in the northern states
B) to emphasize the southern white desire to expand slavery
C) to call attention to the need for the federal government to invade Europe
D) to demonstrate that black leaders at the convention argued passionately that slavery should be abolished and blacks were entitled to all the rights of U.S.citizenship

Question 32

Who wrote the antislavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin?

A) Frederick Douglass
B) William Lloyd Garrison
C) Harriet Beecher Stowe
D) David Walker

Question 33

What was the outcome of the African-American Rochester Convention in 1853?

A) African Americans were splintered over the fugitive slave acts, with the great majority simply wanting to remain silent until the matter blew over.
B) African Americans showed courage in refusing to submit to the laws and in looking for improvements for the future.
C) The convention, dominated by whites, pushed blacks into more menial jobs in New York.
D) The convention pushed for immediate migration to Africa for all who were able to make the journey.

Question 34

Examine the images of Dred Scott and his wife,Harriet,that were published in Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper in 1857.Why did the artist depict the Scotts as middle class?

A) to underscore the importance of keeping the Scotts enslaved in the South
B) to enable southern whites to expand slavery outside of the South
C) to assist the election of Steven Douglas for the presidency of the U.S.
D) to elicit sympathy from white audiences regarding the Scotts and the anti-slavery movement

Question 35

What did Douglas try to accuse the Republicans of during the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

A) of favoring black people over whites and of favoring racial equality
B) of being racist
C) of favoring the South over their home state of Illinois
D) of not wanting to accept new territory into the United States

Question 36

What is the relationship between Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln regarding the slavery issue?

A) They disagreed over whether or not slavery should be abolished in the U.S.
B) They agreed that slavery should expand to the northern states.
C) They agreed that slavery was a minor issue in the U.S.
D) They disagreed over the expansion of slavery.

Question 37

Which of the following best characterizes Lincoln's ideas about race and slavery during the 1858 elections?

A) He was for the immediate abolition of slavery everywhere.
B) He thought that blacks and whites should have equal social and political rights.
C) He was a racist but opposed slavery outside of the South.
D) He was a racist and supported the institution of slavery in the northern states.

Question 38

What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott v.Sanford case regarding Scott's rights?

A) Slaves taken into free territory automatically became free.
B) Although blacks had some rights in America, slaves did not have the right to begin a suit against a white man.
C) Black people (not just slaves)had no rights in America and therefore could not bring lawsuits before the courts.
D) Freeing slaves by any method was completely unconstitutional.

Question 39

Where did Stephen Douglas stand on the issue of slavery?

A) He was for popular sovereignty, and he thought masters should be able to bring their slaves anywhere.
B) He thought that slavery should be abolished immediately.
C) He thought that blacks and white should have equal political and social rights.
D) He thought that all blacks should be shipped back to Africa as quickly as possible.

Question 40

What was the main issue in the Dred Scott case?

A) whether all slaves should be free or not
B) whether a slave taken into free territory was free
C) whether a slave woman could be legally raped by a white man
D) whether the abolitionists could continue to use mass mailings as a major strategy

Question 41

Anti-immigrant,anti-Catholic,anti-alcohol sentiments helped foster in 1854 the rise of a nativist third political party,called the Whig Party,but better known as the "Know-Nothing Party."

Question 42

What is the relationship between the secession of South Carolina in late 1860 and the development of the Civil War?

A) South Carolina decided to come back into the Union, delaying the state of the war.
B) South Carolina was the last southern state to secede, leaving open the possibility for a quick end to the war.
C) South Carolina left the Union reluctantly, indicating southern divisions regarding leaving the nation.
D) South Carolina left the Union first, beginning a procession of southern states out of the nation and causing the war.

Question 43

What did John Brown want to accomplish with his army during 1859?

A) to keep the United States together during the Civil War
B) to establish a separate, independent black nation within the United States
C) to bring Texas into the union
D) to invade the South and end slavery

Question 44

What was Lincoln's reaction to the secession of the Confederate States of America?

A) He warned them that he would not permit them to leave.
B) He accepted their leaving, but immediately decided to free the slaves in the remaining states.
C) At first, startled by their suddenness, Lincoln did nothing.
D) Lincoln immediately invaded the South when the southern states left.

Question 45

How did whites in the North and the South react to John Brown's raid?

A) Neither side paid much attention to the attempt, since it was unsuccessful.
B) The North saw Brown as a hero and mourned his death, while the South was swept up in paranoia and rage against what they saw as an act of terrorism.
C) The South thought that the raid was a good test of their militia because they put it down so quickly.
D) The North thought that it was a good test of their militia because Brown had been the commander and had made some gains into southern territory.

Question 46

Uncle Tom's Cabin moved northerners to tears and made slavery more emotional to readers who had previously considered it only a distant system of labor that exploited black people.

Question 47

By 1850 nearly 9,000 black men (and fewer than 100 black women)were living in California.

Question 48

What was the Republicans' position on slavery during the 1860 election?

A) The Republicans opposed slavery everywhere.
B) The Republicans were opposed to any expansion of slavery in the territories.
C) The Republicans ignored the issue of slavery because it was so troublesome.
D) The Republicans supported the expansion of slavery everywhere.

Question 49

The mass starvation that accompanied the potato famine of the 1840s in Ireland drove thousands of Irish people to the United States.

Question 50

Preston Brooks's interactions with Charles Sumner in the U.S.Congress illustrate the decreasing violence associated with the slavery issue in the 1850s.

Question 51

The Lincoln-Douglas debates are connected to the issue of race in that both candidates expressed a strong feeling that blacks were equal if not superior to whites.

Question 52

Who supported John Brown's efforts financially?

A) Most white northerners donated some money.
B) A few wealthy abolitionist and black leaders gave financial support.
C) A few southerners who were sick of the troubles over slavery donated money.
D) A large number of the African-American Forty-Niners donated a great deal of money and time.

Question 53

What was a result of John Brown's raid?

A) Many of the participants in the raid escaped to the North.
B) The raid pushed the country toward civil war by intensifying feelings on both sides.
C) John Brown, because he was killed before the fighting began, was largely forgotten.
D) Southerners began to accept the limitations of slavery.

Question 54

The concept of "popular sovereignty" pleased many northerners because it created the possibility that slavery might expand to areas where it had been prohibited.

Question 55

In the early 1850s,"border ruffians" from Missouri invaded Kansas to attack antislavery settlers and to vote illegally in Kansas elections.

Question 56

How is Abraham Lincoln connected to the secession of the southern states?

A) He was president and tried to stop the southern states from leaving the U.S.
B) He was Secretary of Defense and encouraged Europe to intervene to help the U.S.
C) He was campaigning for office and told the South to "go."
D) He was a Senator and worked with southern states to help them leave the nation.

Question 57

The Rochester Convention warned that black Americans were not prepared to submit quietly to a government more concerned about the interests of slave owners than people seeking to free themselves from bondage.

Question 58

Uncle Tom's Cabin depicted slavery's cruelty,inhumanity,and destructive impact on families through characters and a plot that appealed to the sentimentality of nineteenth-century readers.

Question 59

Examine the image of the 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry that appears in Chapter 10.Why is John Brown shown in the center of the image?

A) He was a villain to northern whites.
B) He was a hero to southern whites.
C) He was killed in the raid.
D) He was the leader of the raid.

Question 60

How did black people react to Abraham Lincoln as a presidential candidate?

A) They reacted with nearly universal support, as they knew he was going to abolish slavery across the entire country in the future.
B) Black people could not vote and therefore had no opinion about his candidacy.
C) Elite blacks favored him, since he seemed very intellectual, while poor blacks opposed him.
D) They reacted with either opposition or very reluctant support and were dismayed by his racism and apparent support for slavery where it already existed.

Question 61

Discuss the elements of the Compromise of 1850.Why were southerners unhappy with it?

Question 62

Why was the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 thought necessary by the South?

Question 63

Discuss each of the fugitive slave cases.What are their main similarities or differences?

Question 64

The __________ as migrants to California were called in 1849,were almost exclusively male,and most were white Americans.

Question 65

If most northern whites were racist,why did many oppose slavery?

Question 66

The __________ failed to become law but enraged southerners nevertheless for its attempt to curtail the expansion of slavery to the western territories.

Question 67

Why was the Brown raid so important? What did Brown intend to do? What were the effects of his actions?

Question 68

Lincoln claimed that the "only" dispute between the North and South was over the expansion of __________.

Question 69

The concept of __________ was rejected by the South prior to the Civil War.

Question 70

In the 1856 presidential election, the Democrats nominated ¬¬¬¬James __________ of Pennsylvania, a northern Democrat.

Question 71

What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act? Why was it so politically important? What does the conflict in Kansas tell us about the issue of slavery at the time?

Question 72

The escaped slave had no rights and no guarantee of __________ (the legal requirement that a person be brought before a court and not imprisoned illegally).

Question 73

John Brown is an example of a northern __________ who wanted to end slavery by invading the South and starting a slave insurrection.

Question 74

What was the South's collective and individual state reaction to Lincoln's election? Why did the southern states exhibit varying reactions to the event?

Question 75

Barely a month after Lincoln's inauguration, Confederate leaders demanded that the U.S.surrender __________ in Charleston, South Carolina.

Question 76

In 1858 Senator Stephen Douglas of __________ ran for reelection to the Senate against Republican Abraham Lincoln.

Question 77

The description of Kansas Territory as "__________ Kansas" is an example of an early outbreak of violence resembling the future U.S.Civil War.

Question 78

What do the stories of the Crafts and Shadrach tell us about abolitionism and the Fugitive Slave Act?

Question 79

What was the effect of Uncle Tom's Cabin in the South? In the North? What resources did Harriet Beecher Stowe use to write the book?

Question 80

What happened to the Democrats during the 1860 election? Why is the outcome significant?