Deck 3: Settling the Northern Colonies

Question 1

With the franchise in Massachusetts extended to all adult males who belonged to Puritan congregations, the proportion of qualified voters (approximately 2/5) in this colony as compared to England was

A) larger.
B) somewhat smaller.
C) about the same.
D) a great deal smaller.
E) not known.

Answer 1

larger.

Question 2

Match each item on the left with the correct definition:

A) A-1, B-3, C-2
B) A-3, B-2, C-1
C) A-1, B-3, C-4
D) A-4, B-l, C-3
E) A-2, B-4, C-3

Answer 2

A-1, B-3, C-4

Question 3

Match each colony on the left with its associated item:

A) A-3, B-2, C-4
B) A-2, B-3, C-1
C) A-4, B-1, C-2
D) A-1, B-4, C-3
E) A-3, B-2, C-1

Answer 3

A-2, B-3, C-1

Question 4

In Puritan doctrine, the "elect" were also referred to as

A) Separatists.
B) "patroons."
C) "visible saints."
D) Pilgrims.
E) Anglicans.

Question 5

In the Massachusetts "Bible Commonwealth," clergyman

A) could be elected to political office.
B) could not be fired by their congregations.
C) were not allowed to marry.
D) were barred from holding formal political office.
E) could not have children.

Question 6

The Mayflower Compact can be best described as

A) an agreement to follow the dictates of Parliament.
B) a document that allowed women limited participation in government.
C) the first American constitution.
D) a complex agreement to form an oligarchy.
E) a promising step toward genuine self-government.

Question 7

In Calvinist theology, those who had been "converted" were expected to

A) become missionaries and try to convert others.
B) participate in crusades against the Catholic Church.
C) withdraw from political and economic life.
D) be above obeying ordinary moral laws.
E) demonstrate holy, "sanctified" lives and behavior.

Question 8

In the Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536) Calvin argued all of the following except

A) God was all powerful.
B) God was all good.
C) God was all knowing.
D) Humans, through free will, could earn their salvation.
E) Humans were weak and wicked.

Question 9

The city of New Haven was settled by

A) supporters of Charles II.
B) refugees from Rhode Island.
C) supporters of religious freedom.
D) German Catholics.
E) Puritans.

Question 10

Henry VIII aided the entrance of Protestant beliefs into England when he

A) allowed Martin Luther to journey to England.
B) broke England's ties with the Catholic Church.
C) removed himself as the head of the Church of England.
D) ordered John Calvin to go to Switzerland.
E) supported the Puritans.

Question 11

The talented leader who helped the Pilgrims survive was

A) John Smith.
B) John Winthrop.
C) Roger Williams.
D) Anne Hutchinson.
E) William Bradford.

Question 12

King James I's policy toward Separatists who broke with the Church of England was

A) to try to drive them out of England.
B) to enlist them as allies in his struggles with the Anglican bishops.
C) ambivalent and inconsistent.
D) to try to prove they were wrong through his "King James" translation of the Bible.
E) to try to mobilize the less radical Puritans against them.

Question 13

Colonies of the North and the South developed differences in all of the following areas except

A) patterns of settlement.
B) economies.
C) political systems.
D) values.
E) allegiance to England.

Question 14

The Separatists migrated from England to Holland in order to

A) avoid the coming war with France.
B) gain wealth.
C) foster Calvinism as an international religion.
D) practice their purified Protestantism without persecution.
E) escape the jurisdiction of the Virginia Company.

Question 15

All of the following were characteristics of the Massachusetts Bay enterprise except

A) it was well equipped, with eleven vessels carrying nearly a thousand immigrants.
B) it started out on a larger scale than any of the other English settlements.
C) continuing turmoil in England tossed up additional waves of Puritans.
D) it merged with the Plymouth Bay Colony in 1691.
E) the colony began when Charles I dismissed Archbishop William Laud, a sympathizer with Puritanism.

Question 16

All of the following were associated with Roger Williams, a popular Salem minister, except

A) the belief that Puritanism was still the preferred method of dealing with the Church of England.
B) he denied the legality of the Bay Colony's charter, because it was unfair to the Indians.
C) he denied the authority of the civil government to regulate religious behavior.
D) he founded a Baptist Church in Rhode Island in 1636.
E) he believed in complete freedom of religion, even for Jews and Catholics.

Question 17

The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony was

A) William Bradford.
B) William Laud.
C) John Winthrop.
D) Jonathan Edwards.
E) Thomas Hutcheson.

Question 18

Calvinism became the dominant theological creed with all of the following religious settlers except the

A) New England Puritans.
B) Scottish Presbyterians.
C) English Unitarians.
D) French Huguenots.
E) Dutch Reformed.

Question 19

According to Anne Hutchinson, a dissenter in Massachusetts Bay,

A) predestination was not a valid idea.
B) the truly saved need not obey the laws of God or man.
C) antinomianism was heresy.
D) direct revelation from God was impossible.
E) a person need only obey the law of God.

Question 20

After the Pequot War, Puritan efforts to convert Indians to Christianity can best be described as

A) vigorous but unsuccessful.
B) more zealous than those made by Catholics, but still unsuccessful.
C) filling "praying towns" with thousands of Indians.
D) feeble, not equaling hat of the Spanish or the French.
E) very successful.

Question 21

During the early years of colonization in the New World, England

A) closely controlled its colonies.
B) maintained an excellent relationship with the Indians.
C) paid little attention to its colonies.
D) made sure all the colonies had royal charters.
E) began the importation of African slaves in large numbers.

Question 22

English Separatists

A) were more radical than most Puritans.
B) included the Pilgrims who founded Plymouth Bay Colony.
C) authored the Mayflower Compact.
D) sought to reform the Church of England from within.
E) were led by John Winthrop.

Question 23

The New England Indians' only hope for resisting English encroachment lay in

A) acquiring English muskets.
B) enlisting the aid of the French.
C) intertribal unity against the English.
D) building fortifications.
E) allying themselves with the Dutch.

Question 24

When the English gained control over New Netherland,

A) the autocratic spirit survived.
B) democracy replaced the old autocratic system.
C) the colony grew quickly.
D) new leaders distributed land grants in a more egalitarian fashion.
E) they did so with much bloodshed and many lives lost.

Question 25

How did Calvinist theological ideas shape the development of Massachusetts Bay and New England generally? Which ideas proved most productive in developing a new society, and which caused the greatest conflict?

Question 26

King Philip's War resulted in

A) the lasting defeat of New England's Indians.
B) France's moving into Canada.
C) the formation of a powerful alliance among the Indians to resist the English.
D) the last victory for the Indians.
E) none of these.

Question 27

Puritans

A) were Calvinists.
B) thought that the Church of England should be open to all comers.
C) fled both religious repression and economic hardship.
D) thought that Martin Luther's Reformation had brought too much change to the church.
E) formed a new denomination separate from the Church of England.

Question 28

Roger Williams got into trouble with Massachusetts Bay authorities because he

A) questioned the legality of the Massachusetts Bay charter.
B) advocated Roman Catholicism.
C) claimed that the colony's civil government should not regulate religious behavior.
D) claimed to have direct revelations from God.
E) advocated harsh treatment of the Indians.

Question 29

The historical significance of the Pilgrims of Plymouth Bay lies in their

A) numerical size.
B) economic power.
C) moral and spiritual qualities.
D) unique charter for self-government.
E) celebration of the first Thanksgiving.

Question 30

New York was

A) the best advertised of all the colonies.
B) designed as a Quaker refuge.
C) originally founded by the Dutch.
D) a major contributor to political democracy and religious tolerance.
E) the last of the middle colonies to be established.

Question 31

The Dominion of New England

A) included all the New England colonies.
B) was created by the English government to streamline the administration of its colonies.
C) was designed to bolster colonial defense.
D) eventually included New York and East and West Jersey.
E) all of these.

Question 32

Factors leading to the first major European migration include

A) a population explosion.
B) economic depression.
C) larger ocean-going vessels.
D) religious repression.
E) the use of African slaves.

Question 33

Analyze the extent to which the government of Massachusetts Bay was simultaneously theocratic, democratic, oligarchic, or authoritarian.

Question 34

The New England colonies included

A) Massachusetts Bay.
B) New York.
C) Connecticut.
D) Rhode Island.
E) Pennsylvania.

Question 35

John Calvin believed in

A) predestination.
B) conversion.
C) the "elect."
D) antinomianism.
E) a separation of church and state.

Question 36

William Penn's thoughts turned to the New World, for all of the following reasons except

A) he sought to establish an asylum for his people.
B) he wished to flee the persecution of the Quakers in his native home of England.
C) he hoped to experiment with liberal ideas in government.
D) he wished to make a profit in the New World.
E) he wished to set up a society based on complete equality.

Question 37

The New England Confederation

A) included all the New England colonies.
B) was designed to bolster colonial defense and solve intercolonial problems.
C) led the American colonies to seek independence from England.
D) was created by the English government to streamline its administration of the colonies.
E) was an economic and trade alliance.

Question 38

The Pequot War of 1637 resulted in

A) the abolition of Indian "praying towns."
B) the virtual annihilation of the Pequots.
C) four decades of uneasy peace between the Puritans and the Indians.
D) English restrictions on colonial expansion.
E) better relations with the remaining Indians.

Question 39

Pennsylvania

A) introduced an unusually liberal land policy that attracted a heavy flow of immigrants.
B) had fertile soil that produced surplus grain for export.
C) was first settled by small colonies of Swedes.
D) was founded with the intention of making a profit.
E) persuaded Scots-Irish settlers to treat the Indians fairly.

Question 40

Compare and contrast the motives of their founders, religious and social orientation, economic pursuits, and political developments of TWO of the early colonial settlement areas: Southern Colonies, New England Colonies, or the Middle Colonies.

Question 41

To what extent was the New England Confederation a first step toward colonial unity?

Question 42

To what extent should the colonization of America be understood as the extension of European civilization into the New World, or should it be understood as the gradual development of a uniquely American culture?

Question 43

Which of the New England or middle colonies would you have preferred to live in? Explain your answer by discussing your selection's social, economic, political, religious, and ethnic characteristics.

Question 44

In what ways did Pennsylvania attempt to develop a kind of ideal Quaker society? In what ways did the Quakers' original idealism flourish, and in what ways did it fail? How did the Quaker ideal in Pennsylvania compare with the Puritans' experience in New England?

Question 45

To what extent did the idea of the "Protestant ethic" emerge from Calvinist theology? How did this idea shape the history of New England and later other American colonies?

Question 46

In what ways did the history of colonial New York lay the groundwork for a future society that was economically advanced, politically democratic, religiously tolerant, and ethnically diverse? In what ways was early New York actually "backward" compared to the other middle colonies?

Question 47

Assess the validity of the following claim, "Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson were genuine threats to the government and society of the Massachusetts Bay Colony."

Question 48

Which had the greater influence on subsequent American history: the New England idea of America as a "city on a hill" with a special mission to the world, or the middle colonies' experience of ethnic diversity, religious toleration, and democratic control?

Question 49

In your opinion, which three of the twelve colonies founded in the seventeenth century made the most significant contributions to the perennial American values of democratic self-government, educational opportunity, religious toleration, social plurality, and economic materialism? Explain your choice.

Question 50

In what ways was the Mayflower Compact a genuine step toward self-government?

Question 51

Does the actual historical experience of the New England colonies conform to the stereotypical idea of the "puritan" as someone driven by repression and hostility to enjoyment and happiness? Which features of Massachusetts Bay seem most "puritan" in this sense, and which least?