Deck 13: Sense and Nonsense About Drugs and Crime

Question 1

The impact of legalizing drugs is well documented and is known to increase serious crime.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

DARE provides skills for recognizing and resisting social pressures to experiment with alcohol, tobacco and drugs, as well as developing skills in risk assessment and decision making.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Minorities use illegal drugs more heavily than Caucasians.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

We can reasonably conclude that legalization of drugs will lead to a reduction in what type of drug crime?

A) drug-defined
B) drug-related
C) crimes associated with drug use
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 5

If there were success in substantially reducing illegal drug use, there would be a reduction in crimes associated with drug usage to the same degree.

Question 6

Research supports that there is a direct causal link between crime and drugs.

Question 7

Select the most accurate statement regarding the different approaches to drug policy.

A) hawks believe drug policy is the problem while doves emphasize supply reduction
B) owls believe we should respond to drug abuse as a public health problem
C) most liberals favor hawk-type policies while conservatives favor owl-type policies
D) the radical dove approach is to legalize drugs while hawks emphasize supply reduction

Question 8

Drug legalization means the complete elimination of all forms of government control.

Question 9

The primary goal of therapeutic communities is to temporarily remove the external influences that contribute to drug dependency and using counseling to restructure the client's personality.

Question 10

Properly managed drug court programs are effective in reducing both drug use and criminal behavior.

Question 11

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health collects self-report data on a sample of the general population and has found drug use to be limited to certain demographic groups.

Question 12

The impact of the war on drugs is best summarized by which of the following statements?

A) the number of arrests for drug offenses has increased and a larger proportion of drug offenders were Caucasians rather than racial minorities
B) the number of people arrested for drug offenses now represents 12% of all arrests and our prison population has skyrocketed
C) African-Americans are treated less harshly by the criminal justice system than Caucasians though they are only somewhat more likely to use illegal drugs
D) African-Americans are treated harshly by the criminal justice system because they are far more likely to use illegal drugs

Question 13

Owls emphasize law enforcement to eradicate drug abuse while doves prefer prevention and treatment of drug abuse.

Question 14

Interdiction efforts seek to stop the flow of drugs into the country while eradication deals with reducing production of drug plants in the field.

Question 15

The Drug Abuse Warning Network collects data from

A) a self-report of high school seniors
B) a nationally representative sample of persons 12 years old and older
C) emergency room visits
D) urine specimens of parolees

Question 16

Public hysteria over drugs and drug-related crime prevents sensible discussion of policy.

Question 17

Maximalists support legalization of all drugs for adults only, while agnostics have no final position on the legalization debate.

Question 18

The Scared Straight program in which adult offenders told juvenile offenders about the horrors of imprisonment is an educational strategy known as moral appeal.

Question 19

Attempts to control products or services through the criminal law may create a criminal syndicate to provide the product or service.

Question 20

The hysteria over the drug problem involving crack babies was

A) underestimated
B) an accurate representation of the drug problem
C) greatly exaggerated
D) none of the above

Question 21

Why is the DARE program ineffective?

A) use of lecture rather than participative instruction
B) influence of peers
C) lack of training of police officers
D) all of the above

Question 22

The "Scared Straight" program used which of the educational strategies?

A) information dissemination
B) fear arousal
C) moral appeal
D) affective education

Question 23

Examples of behaviors that have been effectively controlled socially outside of the criminal justice system include

A) smoking and automobile fatalities
B) "just say no" and DARE
C) prohibitions of alcohol and abortion
D) all of the above

Question 24

An educational strategy that attempts to develop personal and social skills that will help people resist certain behavior is known as

A) information dissemination
B) fear arousal
C) moral appeal
D) affective education

Question 25

The use of local law enforcement efforts as a strategy for reducing drug abuse

A) is an owl type of drug control policy
B) is the best way to counter the replacement effect
C) is unlikely to have much impact on the availability of drugs on the street
D) is an effective long-term strategy because of the intensive geographical focus

Question 26

The most serious and disturbing problem with drug treatment programs is

A) high rates of relapse
B) clients who complete them are just as likely to use drugs
C) they are expensive to implement
D) determining how lengthy they should be

Question 27

One of the conclusions about using the criminal law to control products or services that a large number of people want is

A) secondary crime will be prevented
B) it enhances respect for the law
C) someone will try to supply them
D) it effectively changes behavior

Question 28

AIDS education programs have been effective with _____(1)_____ but ineffective with younger gay males and ____(2)_____ with concern to unsafe sexual encounters.

A) (1) adult gay men (2) the underclass
B) (1) female teenagers (2) adult gay men
C) (1) needle-drug users (2) female teenagers
D) (1) needle-drug users (2) the underclass

Question 29

Attempts to reduce the production of drug plants in the field are known as what?

A) interdiction
B) eradication
C) demand-reduction
D) none of the above

Question 30

Historical examples where the criminal law was used to control wanted products or services show us that

A) this is an effective way to change behavior
B) it does not eliminate the prohibited behavior and may cause more harm than good
C) the criminal justice system does a better job changing behavior than public health agencies
D) most prohibited behaviors are considered immoral by the majority of Americans

Question 31

One of the major issues related to drug treatment is the __________ of treatment programs.

A) cost
B) toughness
C) availability
D) length

Question 32

An educational strategy that seeks to change behavior by providing information and assumes people will not engage in certain behaviors such as drug use or risky sex is

A) information dissemination
B) moral appeal
C) fear arousal
D) affective education

Question 33

People who engage in certain illicit behaviors that are most likely to respond to information dissemination programs are

A) poor and desperate
B) prior offenders
C) fifth and sixth graders
D) successful and educated

Question 34

What effects of alcohol prohibition are similar to those of drug prohibition?

A) turning casual users into criminals undermining respect for the law
B) enforcement abuses including illegal searches and seizures
C) the black market and corruption
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 35

Increased drug interdiction efforts have resulted in

A) an increase in incarceration in the U.S.
B) a reduction in the number of drug arrests
C) a noticeable decrease in the worldwide production of drugs
D) no decrease in the worldwide production of drugs

Question 36

The least expensive and least controversial type of drug treatment program is what?

A) therapeutic communities
B) outpatient drug-free programs
C) drug courts
D) faith-based treatment

Question 37

Interdiction-type strategies

A) attempt to stop the flow of drugs entering the country
B) attempt to reduce the production of drug plants in the field
C) are demand-reduction strategies that seek to intercede early into drug addiction
D) are supply-reduction strategies that seek reduce the availability of drugs

Question 38

Racial bias is evident at what point in the criminal justice system?

A) bail amounts for minority drug offenders
B) harsher sentences for minority drug offenders for crack
C) at every stage of the criminal justice system
D) racial bias has not been established using research evidence

Question 39

Why has the DARE program been a stable anti-drug educational program?

A) it relies primarily on information dissemination
B) it effectively reduces long-term drug use
C) it is popular with parents, politicians and the police
D) it relies on the most effective teaching method
E) all of the above

Question 40

Drug courts are seemingly more effective than other forms of drug treatment due to

A) judicial involvement
B) its selection process
C) proper planning and management
D) all of the above

Question 41

Karel's legalization proposal includes the maintenance of which drug(s) as completely illegal?

A) crack and PCP
B) coca leaves
C) psychedelic drugs
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 42

One danger of overexpansion of drug courts is

A) difficulty finding qualified judges
B) persuading states to fund the courts
C) admitting the extent of the drug problem in the U.S.
D) admitting people who are not amenable to treatment, thus lowering the success rate

Question 43

Those who believe in a drug legalization strategy involving the elimination of penalties for adult possession of marijuana and other less dangerous drugs are known as legalization

A) maximalists
B) moderates
C) minimalists
D) agnostics

Question 44

The biggest challenge for effective drug treatment is

A) the ever-growing range of available drugs
B) removing the stigma of drug treatment
C) obtaining funding
D) matching the right program with the right client

Question 45

The predicted effects of drug legalization depend on which strategy is proposed, but no matter what policy is adopted the following questions arise

A) will we still be able to get tough with certain drug offenders?
B) would drug use and predatory crime increase or decrease?
C) would we criminalize tobacco use?
D) will we continue to see fewer teens using marijuana?

Question 46

The case for legalization includes which of the following points?

A) criminal prohibition has not reduced drug use
B) we spend billions of dollars a year on the drug war
C) the war on drugs produces harmful side effects
D) all of the above