Deck 1: Diversity Amid Globalization

Question 1

Which of the following may be affected by globalization?

A) natural resources
B) cultural patterns
C) political arrangements
D) social development
E) all of the other choices

Answer 1

E

Question 2

What is the middle position on globalization, according to your text's authors?

A) Globalization will eventually fail.
B) Globalization is avoidable with cooperative effort.
C) Globalization will not be as bad as the critics believe it will be.
D) Globalization will bring more good than bad.
E) Globalization is probably unavoidable, but it can be managed.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of our increasingly globalized world?

A) communications systems that link all regions of the Earth instantaneously
B) transportation systems capable of moving goods quickly by air, sea, and land
C) powerful transnational conglomerate corporations
D) local folk cultures
E) international environmental agreements

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following problems does international globalization tend to worsen?

A) climate change
B) air and water pollution
C) deforestation
D) climate change, air pollution and water pollution
E) air and water pollution, climate change, and deforestation

Question 5

The growing interconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change is ________.

A) global geography
B) globalization
C) world geography
D) diversity
E) colonialism

Question 6

What do most scholars agree is the most significant component of globalization?

A) climate change
B) political transition around the planet
C) international terrorism
D) cultural hybridization
E) economic reorganization of the world

Question 7

All of the following are arguments in favor of globalization, EXCEPT

A) globalization is a logical expression of international capitalism that will benefit all peoples and all nations.
B) globalization encourages the spread of beneficial new technologies and ideas.
C) the removal of trade barriers will cause inefficient local industries to become more efficient, and more able to compete internationally.
D) each country and region of the world will profit by concentrating on the activities for which they are best suited in the global economy.
E) globalization will lead to world peace.

Question 8

Which of the following is part of the criminal element of globalization?

A) drugs
B) pornography and prostitution
C) terrorism
D) drugs, pornography and prostitution
E) terrorism, drugs, pornography and prostitution

Question 9

According to your text's authors, globalization is the most fundamental reorganization of our planet's social and economic structures since which of the following events?

A) Ice Age
B) Demographic Transition
C) Industrial Revolution
D) World War II
E) the Renaissance

Question 10

Which of the following processes is (are)part of the process of globalization?

A) economic change
B) political change
C) cultural change
D) economic, political, and cultural change
E) economic and political change

Question 11

All of the following are arguments against globalization, EXCEPT

A) globalization is not a "natural" process.
B) globalization is a policy promoted by free-trade advocates, capitalist countries, and multinational firms, all of which benefit from the process.
C) policies of globalization increase the differences between rich and poor in the world.
D) globalization will lead to the use of nuclear weapons.
E) globalization is dangerously unstable.

Question 12

How do the authors of your text (Diversity Amid Globalization)define globalization?

A) the growing interconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change
B) the spread of McDonald's throughout the world
C) the trend toward international trade agreements among the countries of the world
D) the pattern of increasing telephone and Internet connections around the world
E) the growth of international and supranational organizations uniting the world's people

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an example of global consumer culture?

A) NBA T-shirts, sneakers, and caps
B) Facebook
C) Burger King
D) Anime and manga
E) Russian nesting dolls

Question 14

Some of the most remote parts of the world are often connected to the global economy through which of the following illegal activities?

A) prostitution and pornography
B) laundering drug money
C) illegal narcotics, including heroin
D) gambling
E) trade of endangered and exotic animals

Question 15

What do the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Trade Organization (WTO)do?

A) They strictly regulate all the international commercial transactions in the world.
B) They make possible the flow of goods and capital across international boundaries.
C) They make the banking and trade laws of the member countries of the United Nations.
D) They are "think tanks" that advise countries on international banking and trade.
E) They are the banking systems of (respectively) Europe, Asia, and the United Nations.

Question 16

What part of the world has had its economies become part of the drug transshipments and the laundering of drug money?

A) the Caribbean
B) Eastern Europe
C) Sub-Saharan Africa
D) North America
E) South Asia

Question 17

Which of the following groups is most likely to disrupt local ecosystems as they search for natural resources and manufacturing sites?

A) governments
B) transnational firms
C) indigenous ethnic groups
D) international organizations such as the United Nations
E) non-governmental organizations, such as Greenpeace

Question 18

Which of the following problems may accompany the spread of global consumer culture?

A) erosion of local diversity
B) development of serious social tensions between traditional cultures and new globalizing influences
C) change in traditional diets
D) erosion of local diversity and change in traditional diets
E) erosion of local diversity, change in traditional diets, and development of serious social tensions between traditional cultures and new globalizing influences

Question 19

What type of consumer product is most likely to be made in a sweatshop?

A) clothing
B) automobiles
C) electronics
D) furniture
E) toys

Question 20

What is geography?

A) an academic discipline that describes Earth and explains the patterns on its surface
B) an academic discipline that studies map-making
C) an academic discipline that studies the physical processes that shaped Earth
D) an academic discipline that studies human processes on Earth
E) an academic discipline that studies geographic information systems

Question 21

What is the current overall rate of natural increase (RNI)for the world?

A) 0.2% per year
B) 1.2% per year
C) 2% per year
D) 7% per year
E) 11% per year

Question 22

Ninety percent of the world's population growth occurs in which part of the world?

A) North and South America
B) European Union countries of Eastern and Western Europe
C) Australia and Oceania
D) developing countries of Africa, South and East Asia, and Latin America
E) Islamic countries of Southwest and Southeast Asia

Question 23

In which world region is life expectancy about the same today as it was in 1975?

A) North America
B) Europe
C) Australia
D) Africa
E) East Asia

Question 24

What stage of the Demographic Transition produces a rapid rise in the rate of natural increase?

A) stage 1
B) stage 2
C) stage 3
D) stage 4
E) stage 5

Question 25

In which stage of the Demographic Transition are birthrate and death rate both high?

A) stage 1
B) stage 2
C) stage 3
D) stage 4
E) stages 1 and 4

Question 26

In which stages of the Demographic Transition is the rate of natural increase (RNI)low?

A) stage 1 and stage 3
B) stage 1 and stage 4
C) stage 2 and stage 3
D) stage 2 and stage 4
E) stage 3 and stage 4

Question 27

What is the term for the average number of children who will be born to women of a hypothetical, yet statistically valid, population?

A) rate of natural increase (RNI)
B) crude birthrate (CBR)
C) infant mortality rate
D) total fertility rate (TFR)
E) life expectancy

Question 28

Which measurement of human population is very similar to the average number of children per family?

A) rate of natural increase (RNI)
B) crude birthrate (CBR)
C) refined birthrate
D) total fertility rate (TFR)
E) birthrate per capita

Question 29

In which of the following cases will the total fertility rate (TFR)be highest?

A) when women marry early and have one or two children
B) when women marry in their late 30s, and then have children
C) when women marry in their late 20s, then have several children
D) when women marry early, have children, then die in their late 20s
E) when women marry early and have many children over a long span of years

Question 30

Which world region has the highest total fertility rate?

A) Africa
B) North America
C) Europe
D) Australia
E) Latin America

Question 31

About how many humans are added to the world's population each hour?

A) 500
B) 2,000
C) 8,000
D) 15,000
E) 48,000

Question 32

What country has seen a drop in average life expectancy in recent years as a result of the deterioration of social services that accompanied economic restructuring since 1991?

A) Japan
B) United States
C) Germany
D) Canada
E) Russia

Question 33

What is the current total fertility rate (TFR)for the world as a whole?

A) 1.8 children
B) 2.1 children
C) 2.5 children
D) 3.1 children
E) 3.8 children

Question 34

In which stage of the Demographic Transition are birthrate and death rate both low?

A) stage 1
B) stage 2
C) stage 3
D) stage 4
E) stages 1 and 4

Question 35

In the Demographic Transition, which of the following pairings is (are)correct?

A) stage 1: high birthrate, high death rate
B) stage 2: high birthrate, falling death rate
C) stage 3: falling birthrate, low death rate
D) stage 4: low birthrate, low death rate
E) All of the pairings are correct.

Question 36

What is the four-stage model that conceptualizes changes in birthrates and death rates through time as a population urbanizes?

A) demographic transition
B) globalization
C) population evolution
D) societal population shift
E) urban population adjustment

Question 37

What does a total fertility rate that is less than 2.1 indicate?

A) that a population is not growing at all
B) that a population is growing slowly
C) that a population is growing quickly
D) that a population has reached its peak
E) A TFR that is less than 2.1 has no particular significance.

Question 38

Which of the following factors influences life expectancy?

A) sanitation and disease
B) accident rates
C) nutrition
D) accident rates, sanitation and disease
E) accident rates, nutrition, sanitation and disease

Question 39

What is the current population of the Earth?

A) nearly 7 million
B) 670 million
C) nearly 2 billion
D) nearly 7 billion
E) nearly 2 trillion

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT shown in the Demographic Transition graph?

A) total population
B) birthrate
C) death rate
D) gender distribution of the population
E) four stages

Question 41

In migration, which of the following is an example of a pull force?

A) unemployment in a person's homeland
B) war in a potential destination
C) economic opportunity in a person's homeland
D) religious freedom in a potential destination
E) a college scholarship in a person's homeland

Question 42

Today, about how many people in the world live outside the country of their birth?

A) 190,000
B) 1 million
C) 19 million
D) 190 million
E) 1 billion

Question 43

The population pyramid below is characteristic of what kind of growth rate?

A) slow growth
B) zero growth
C) rapid growth
D) negative growth
E) It is impossible to tell the growth rate based on the shape of a population pyramid.

Question 44

In migration, which of the following is an example of a push force?

A) war in a potential destination
B) health services in a potential destination
C) unemployment in a person's homeland
D) economic opportunity in a person's homeland
E) religious freedom in a potential destination

Question 45

What country is well known for its official prohibition against unwanted cultural traits, especially in its language?

A) France
B) United States
C) Australia
D) India
E) Japan

Question 46

What is cultural syncretism?

A) the blending of popular culture with local cultural traditions
B) the adoption of popular culture by a local ethnic group
C) the replacement of local cultural traditions with popular culture
D) the rejection of popular culture by a local ethnic group
E) the elimination of local cultures caused by the spread of popular culture

Question 47

The population pyramid below is characteristic of what kind of growth rate?

A) slow growth
B) zero growth
C) rapid growth
D) negative growth
E) It is impossible to tell the growth rate based on the shape of a population pyramid.

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT shown in a population pyramid?

A) a general, graphic indication of the growth rate
B) males in the population
C) females in the population
D) age distribution of the population
E) birth and death rates

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of culture?

A) It is individual.
B) It is learned.
C) It is shared.
D) It has abstract dimensions.
E) It has material dimensions.

Question 50

What does a negative net migration rate in a country tell us?

A) that more people are moving to the country than leaving it
B) that the number of people leaving the country is equal to the number moving there
C) that more people are dying in the country than are being born
D) that more people are leaving the country than moving to it
E) A negative net migration rate does not tell us anything.

Question 51

What measure of migration tells whether more people are entering or leaving a country?

A) Rate of in-migration
B) Rate of out-migration
C) Emigration rate
D) Immigration rate
E) Net migration rate

Question 52

Which of the following is an example of an abstract dimension of culture?

A) technology
B) architecture
C) ideology
D) foods
E) music

Question 53

In which of the following countries is the percentage of its population living in cities less than 75 percent?

A) United States
B) Japan
C) Australia
D) Belgium
E) Zimbabwe

Question 54

A population pyramid with a wide base and a narrow peak is characteristic of what kind of growth rate?

A) slow growth
B) zero growth
C) rapid growth
D) negative growth
E) It is impossible to tell the growth rate based on the shape of a population pyramid.

Question 55

What is the average rate of urbanization for developing countries?

A) about 15%
B) approximately 20%
C) between 30% and 40%
D) a little less than 50%
E) more than 60%

Question 56

The active promotion of one cultural system at the expense of another is called ________.

A) cultural nationalism
B) cultural assimilation
C) cultural syncretization
D) cultural imperialism
E) cultural hybridization

Question 57

In terms of total numbers, which time in history has seen the greatest human migration?

A) 1750-1800
B) 1800-1850
C) 1850-1900
D) 1900-1950
E) 1980-present

Question 58

Overall, what percentage of the world's population lives in cities?

A) about 10%
B) approximately 30%
C) at least 50%
D) a little less than 70%
E) almost 90%

Question 59

Which of the following is an example of a material dimension of culture?

A) speech
B) architecture
C) religion
D) value systems
E) livelihood

Question 60

The process of defending a cultural system against offensive cultural expressions from elsewhere, while promoting local cultural values is called ________.

A) cultural imperialism
B) cultural assimilation
C) cultural syncretization
D) cultural hybridization
E) cultural nationalism

Question 61

What is an ethnic religion?

A) a religion that seeks the highest ethical values
B) a religion that remains identified with a specific national group
C) a religion that originates within a small, relatively isolated geographic area
D) a religion that rejects any converts
E) an animist religion

Question 62

An agreed-upon common language to facilitate communication on specific topics such as business is called a(n)________.

A) dialect
B) official language
C) language group
D) language family
E) lingua franca

Question 63

What is colonialism?

A) the temporary occupation of another country
B) the formal establishment of rule over a foreign population
C) the establishment of trade relations with another country
D) the introduction of popular consumer culture in a traditional society
E) All of the other answers are definitions of colonialism.

Question 64

Which country is an example of a nation-state?

A) United States
B) Canada
C) Japan
D) Canada, the U.S., and Japan
E) Every country is a nation-state.

Question 65

According to the core-periphery model, which of the following countries is part of the core?

A) Japan
B) India
C) China
D) Brazil
E) Indonesia

Question 66

In what world region is Swahili a lingua franca?

A) Sub-Saharan Africa
B) North Africa
C) South Asia
D) Southeast Asia
E) Latin America

Question 67

What is the distinctive form of a language that is associated with different regions?

A) lingua franca
B) official language
C) language group
D) dialect
E) language family

Question 68

Approximately how many of the earth's people are Muslim?

A) 500 million
B) 1.3 billion
C) 1.9 billion
D) 2.4 billion
E) 2.8 billion

Question 69

According to the core-periphery model, which of the following countries is part of the periphery?

A) United States
B) Canada
C) Japan
D) United Kingdom
E) India

Question 70

What is a nation-state?

A) a heterogeneous cultural group with its own fully independent political territory
B) a homogeneous cultural group that possesses a homeland within a larger country
C) a relatively homogeneous cultural group with its own fully independent political territory
D) a heterogenous cultural group that possesses a homeland within a larger country
E) a country that has two or more states, for example, the U.S.

Question 71

Which of the following characteristics often best defines cultural groups?

A) politics
B) religion
C) language
D) commerce
E) customs

Question 72

Which of the following is (are)an ethnic religion(s)?

A) Judaism
B) Hinduism
C) Mormonism
D) Judaism and Hinduism
E) Judaism, Hinduism and Mormonism

Question 73

What was the main period of colonialization by European states?

A) 1300 through the 1600s
B) 1400 through the mid-1550s
C) 1500 through the mid-1900s
D) 1700 through the 1800s
E) the 1800s

Question 74

Which of the following groups of people is a nation without a state?

A) Turks
B) Kazakhs
C) Azeris
D) Kurds
E) Estonians

Question 75

Which of the following focuses on the interaction between power, territory, and space at different scales?

A) political science
B) geopolitics
C) comparative politics
D) international relations
E) geomorphology

Question 76

Which of the following is (are)a universalizing religion(s)?

A) Buddhism
B) Islam
C) Christianity
D) Buddhism and Christianity
E) Buddhism, Christianity and Islam

Question 77

Which ethnic religion is closely linked to India?

A) Zoroastrianism
B) Sufism
C) Judaism
D) Shinto
E) Hinduism

Question 78

Approximately how many of the earth's people are Christians?

A) 1.2 billion
B) 2.1 billion
C) 3.2 billion
D) 4.6 billion
E) 5.3 billion

Question 79

What is a universalizing religion?

A) a religion that attempts to appeal to all peoples regardless of location or culture
B) a metaphysical religion that seeks inner peace through contact with extraterrestrial beings
C) a religion that seeks to identify the common elements of all religions of the world in order to bring worldwide religious unity
D) a global movement to promote interfaith cooperation, similar to the United Nations
E) All of the other answers are definitions of a universalizing religion.

Question 80

Which of the following religions are most closely related to Judaism?

A) Christianity and Islam
B) Hinduism and Sikhism
C) Shinto and Buddhism
D) Animism and Zoroastrianism
E) Taoism and Confucianism