Question 1

The body of the neuron is known as the:&#10;A)axon.&#10;B)dendrite.&#10;C)myelin.&#10;D)soma.

Accepted Answer

The body of a neuron is called the soma. The axon is the long, slender projection from the neuron that transmits the signal to other neurons or cells. The dendrites are the branched projections that receive signals from other neurons. Myelin is a fatty substance that covers the axon and helps to speed up signal transmission. The body of the neuron is known as the soma, or cell body. The axon is a long, single extension that carries the nerve impulse away from the soma, while dendrites are branch-like extensions that receive signals from other neurons. Myelin is a fatty substance that covers and insulates some axons, but it is not part of the neuron's body.

Question 2

Which of the following amino acid-derived neurotransmitters is linked to the etiology of ALS?&#10;A)tyrosine&#10;B)arginine&#10;C)tryptophan&#10;D)glutamate

Accepted Answer

Glutamate is the amino acid-derived neurotransmitter that is linked to the etiology of ALS. Excessive glutamate can cause excitotoxicity, which can damage neurons and contribute to the development of ALS. Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, but excessive levels of glutamate can cause excitotoxicity and contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS.

Question 3

All of the following individuals are at high risk for having a stroke except:&#10;A)someone who smokes at least 1 pack of cigarettes a day.&#10;B)someone with elevated LDL levels.&#10;C)someone with a blood pressure of 175/95.&#10;D)someone with elevated high-density lipoproteins.

Accepted Answer

Elevated high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are actually protective against stroke, while the other three risk factors (smoking, elevated LDL, and high blood pressure) increase the risk of stroke. Elevated high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are actually protective against stroke, as they help to remove cholesterol from arteries and keep them from becoming blocked. Smoking, elevated LDL levels, and high blood pressure are all known risk factors for stroke.

Question 4

ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurological disease that affects the:&#10;A)afferent neurons.&#10;B)efferent neurons.&#10;C)sensory neurons.&#10;D)motor neurons.

Accepted Answer

ALS affects the motor neurons, which are responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movements. Afferent neurons carry sensory information towards the central nervous system, while efferent neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to control muscles and glands. Sensory neurons are responsible for detecting stimuli and sending signals to the central nervous system. ALS affects the motor neurons, which are responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement. Afferent neurons transmit sensory information from the body to the brain, while efferent neurons transmit signals from the brain to muscles and glands. Sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the environment to the nervous system.

Question 5

Damage to the occipital lobe results in _____&#10;A)partial or complete deafness&#10;B)compromise of analytic capabilities&#10;C)partial or complete blindness&#10;D)loss of short-term memory

Accepted Answer

Damage to the occipital lobe, located in the back of the brain, is responsible for visual processing. Therefore, partial or complete blindness would result from damage to this area, but not deafness or compromise of analytic capabilities or loss of short-term memory. Damage to the occipital lobe, which is located in the back of the brain, is associated with vision. Therefore, partial or complete blindness is a common result of damage to this area.

Question 6

You have a patient who has had a car accident and has damage to his temporal lobe Which of the following describes how brain functions will be compromised?&#10;A)loss of sensation of pain&#10;B)vision loss&#10;C)partial or complete deafness&#10;D)memory loss

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have a patient who has had...

Question 7

GB is an acute peripheral nervous system disease characterized by:&#10;A)memory loss.&#10;B)loss of taste and sensation in the mouth.&#10;C)progressive paralysis.&#10;D)recurrent seizures.

Accepted Answer

GB is characterized by progressive paralysis, typically starting in the feet and hands and moving towards the center of the body. Memory loss, loss of taste, and seizures are not typical symptoms of GB. Guillain-Barré syndrome is characterized by progressive paralysis, starting from the feet and legs and ascending to the upper body and arms. It does not typically result in memory loss, loss of taste or sensation in the mouth, or recurrent seizures.

Question 8

You have a patient with Parkinson's disease who is being treated with L-dopa In order to promote the effectiveness of this medication, you choose which of the following nutrition therapy interventions?

A)high CHO : low protein
B)high fat : high protein
C)high protein : low fat
D)high fat : low CHO

Accepted Answer

A high carbohydrate and low protein diet is recommended because protein can interfere with the absorption of L-dopa, reducing its effectiveness.

Question 9

Treatment for a patient with myasthenia gravis sometimes includes:&#10;A)recommending more frequent and small meals.&#10;B)inducing a proinflammatory state.&#10;C)promoting the reduction of protein from animal sources.&#10;D)thymectomy.

Accepted Answer

Thymectomy, or the surgical removal of the thymus gland, is sometimes recommended for patients with myasthenia gravis. The thymus gland is often involved in the autoimmune response that leads to the development of the condition, and removing it can improve symptoms in some patients. The other choices (A, B, and C) do not have a direct or established role in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Thymectomy, or surgical removal of the thymus gland, is a common treatment for myasthenia gravis. This is because the thymus gland is often found to be abnormal in individuals with myasthenia gravis, and removing it can improve symptoms and sometimes lead to remission. The other options listed are not typically part of the treatment plan for myasthenia gravis.

Question 10

A patient is reporting symptoms of a loss of sensation of pain, touch, and taste One possible explanation is that there has been to damage to the:&#10;A)parietal lobe.&#10;B)limbic lobe.&#10;C)frontal lobe.&#10;D)cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing information related to touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. Damage to this area may result in a loss of sensation in these areas. In addition, the parietal lobe also plays a role in taste perception, so damage may also result in a loss of taste sensation. Loss of sensation of pain may also indicate damage or dysfunction in the spinal cord or peripheral nerves, which can carry messages related to pain sensation to the brain. The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain sensations. Damage to this area of the brain can result in a loss of sensation of pain, touch, and taste. Damage to the limbic lobe or frontal lobe may result in other symptoms such as difficulty with emotions and decision-making, but not specifically the loss of sensation of pain, touch, and taste. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating movements and maintaining balance, not sensory perception.

Question 11

Epilepsy is characterized by:&#10;A)loss of memory.&#10;B)vision loss.&#10;C)recurrent seizures.&#10;D)progressive paralysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Epilepsy is characterized by:&#10;A)loss of memory.&#10;B)vision loss.&#10;C)recurrent...

Question 12

Parkinson's disease involves abnormalities of cells within the:&#10;A)hippocampus.&#10;B)hypothalamus.&#10;C)frontal lobe.&#10;D)substantia nigra.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parkinson's disease involves abnormalities of cells within...

Question 13

MS is characterized by:&#10;A)hearing loss.&#10;B)demyelination of cells within the CNS.&#10;C)inadequate secretion of acetylcholine.&#10;D)loss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra.

Accepted Answer

The answer of MS is characterized by:&#10;A)hearing loss.&#10;B)demyelination of cells...

Question 14

You have a patient who has been admitted to the hospital with a stroke When you visit your patient at meal time, you notice that the small amount of food that has been eaten is pocketed on one side of your patient's mouth This is a characteristic of which common condition?

A)dysphagia
B)oxidative stress
C)aspiration
D)GERD

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have a patient who has been...

Question 15

Parkinson's disease is characterized as a progressive loss of:&#10;A)serotonin.&#10;B)acetylcholine.&#10;C)dopamine.&#10;D)nitric oxide.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parkinson's disease is characterized as a progressive...

Question 16

Myasthenia gravis results in an autoimmune reaction that damages or destroys the cellular receptor for:&#10;A)dopamine.&#10;B)acetylcholine.&#10;C)serotonin.&#10;D)nitric oxide.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Myasthenia gravis results in an autoimmune reaction...

Question 17

Children suffering from epilepsy are sometimes treated with a ketogenic diet, which provides:&#10;A)70-90% of their total caloric intake from carbohydrates.&#10;B)3 grams of fat for 1 gram of protein.&#10;C)10-20% of their total caloric intake from carbohydrate.&#10;D)4 grams of fat for 1 gram of protein and carbohydrate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children suffering from epilepsy are sometimes treated...

Question 18

The difference between an ischemic stroke vs a hemorrhagic stroke is:&#10;A)artery occlusion vs.ruptured artery.&#10;B)traveling clot vs.ruptured artery.&#10;C)ruptured artery vs.artery occlusion.&#10;D)artery occlusion vs.traveling clot.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The difference between an ischemic stroke vs...

Question 19

Nutrition therapy interventions for Parkinson's patients may include limiting overall protein intake because:&#10;A)this may improve drug effectiveness.&#10;B)excess ammonia can cross the blood-brain barrier and interrupt the balance of neurotransmitters.&#10;C)moderate to high levels of protein increase the need for pyridoxine.&#10;D)moderate to high levels of protein may lead to kidney stones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nutrition therapy interventions for Parkinson's patients may...

Question 20

Phenytoin, a common drug used to treat epilepsy, interacts with which of the following nutrients?&#10;A)vitamin B12&#10;B)biotin&#10;C)folate&#10;D)thiamin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phenytoin, a common drug used to treat...

Question 21

KL is a 34 yo male admitted to the hospital after suffering a TBI secondary to motor vehicle accident.He was in excellent health prior to accident.
HT: 6'2" WT: 190#
In addition to meeting KL's protein and energy requirements, what is an additional concern for the RD?

A)proving adequate minerals
B)providing adequate fiber
C)providing adequate vitamins
D)providing adequate fluids

Accepted Answer

The answer of KL is a 34 yo male admitted...

Question 22

Proposed treatments for AD include all of the following except:&#10;A)neurotransmitters.&#10;B)cholinesterase inhibitors.&#10;C)NMDA receptor antagonists.&#10;D)vitamin E (in early stages).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Proposed treatments for AD include all of...

Question 23

KL is a 34 yo male admitted to the hospital after suffering a TBI secondary to motor vehicle accident.He was in excellent health prior to accident.
HT: 6'2" WT: 190#
KL is at a trauma center What is the best means of determining his caloric needs?

A)Mifflin-St Jeor equation
B)Harris-Benedict equation
C)indirect calorimetry
D)WHO standards

Accepted Answer

The answer of KL is a 34 yo male admitted...

Question 24

Which of the following statements is true about a patient with a traumatic brain injury?&#10;A)Protein needs for this patient will remain the same.&#10;B)This patient will have decreased lipolysis activity.&#10;C)This patient will have very low glucose levels.&#10;D)An increase in gluconeogenesis will occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 25

You have a patient with MS He/she has been treated with corticosteroids long term What nutrition intervention is appropriate?&#10;A)supplementation with vitamin D and calcium&#10;B)increasing complex CHO intake&#10;C)supplementation with antioxidants&#10;D)promoting the Atkins diet

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have a patient with MS He/she...

Question 26

KL is a 34 yo male admitted to the hospital after suffering a TBI secondary to motor vehicle accident.He was in excellent health prior to accident.
HT: 6'2" WT: 190#
What is the best way to feed this patient?

A)nasogastric tube
B)nasoenteric tube
C)keep NPO
D)parenteral nutrition

Accepted Answer

The answer of KL is a 34 yo male admitted...

Question 27

Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65 yo M admitted with ischemic CVA.Pt is aphasic c R sided weakness and the risk of dysphagia is obvious at admission.Pt is NPO.&#10;HT: 5'10&#34; WT: 223#&#10;Na: 137 Cl: 101 BUN: 21&#10;Chol: 223&#10;Glucose: 179&#10;K: 3.7 CO&#8322;: 26 Cr: 0.8&#10;What is your primary concern?&#10;A)weight&#10;B)increased glucose&#10;C)speech therapist's input on dysphagia&#10;D)nutrition education on new diet

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65...

Question 28

Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65 yo M admitted with ischemic CVA.Pt is aphasic c R sided weakness and the risk of dysphagia is obvious at admission.Pt is NPO.&#10;HT: 5'10&#34; WT: 223#&#10;Na: 137 Cl: 101 BUN: 21&#10;Chol: 223&#10;Glucose: 179&#10;K: 3.7 CO&#8322;: 26 Cr: 0.8&#10;Calculate % IBW for this patient using the Hamwi method&#10;A)149%&#10;B)134%&#10;C)74%&#10;D)139%

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65...

Question 29

Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65 yo M admitted with ischemic CVA.Pt is aphasic c R sided weakness and the risk of dysphagia is obvious at admission.Pt is NPO.&#10;HT: 5'10&#34; WT: 223#&#10;Na: 137 Cl: 101 BUN: 21&#10;Chol: 223&#10;Glucose: 179&#10;K: 3.7 CO&#8322;: 26 Cr: 0.8&#10;What type of treatment was CF likely given upon presentation to the emergency room?&#10;A)IV fluids&#10;B)multivitamin infusion&#10;C)tPA&#10;D)anti-inflammatory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65...

Question 30

KL is a 34 yo male admitted to the hospital after suffering a TBI secondary to motor vehicle accident.He was in excellent health prior to accident.
HT: 6'2" WT: 190#
In addition to meeting KL's protein and energy requirements, what is an additional concern for the RD?

A)proving adequate minerals
B)providing adequate fiber
C)providing adequate vitamins
D)providing adequate fluids

Accepted Answer

The answer of KL is a 34 yo male admitted...

Question 31

Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65 yo M admitted with ischemic CVA.Pt is aphasic c R sided weakness and the risk of dysphagia is obvious at admission.Pt is NPO.&#10;HT: 5'10&#34; WT: 223#&#10;Na: 137 Cl: 101 BUN: 21&#10;Chol: 223&#10;Glucose: 179&#10;K: 3.7 CO&#8322;: 26 Cr: 0.8&#10;If it is determined that he has severe dysphagia, what is the best way to feed this patient?&#10;A)parenteral nutrition&#10;B)enteral nutrition&#10;C)keep NPO&#10;D)with nursing assistance

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65...

Question 32

KL is a 34 yo male admitted to the hospital after suffering a TBI secondary to motor vehicle accident.He was in excellent health prior to accident.
HT: 6'2" WT: 190#
What is the best way to feed this patient?

A)nasogastric tube
B)nasoenteric tube
C)keep NPO
D)parenteral nutrition

Accepted Answer

The answer of KL is a 34 yo male admitted...

Question 33

In AD, the first pathophysiological changes affect which area of the brain?&#10;A)cerebral cortex&#10;B)medulla oblongata&#10;C)brain stem&#10;D)hippocampus

Accepted Answer

The answer of In AD, the first pathophysiological changes affect...

Question 34

KL is a 34 yo male admitted to the hospital after suffering a TBI secondary to motor vehicle accident.He was in excellent health prior to accident.
HT: 6'2" WT: 190#
Which of the following might reduce KL's metabolic requirements?

A)use of parenteral nutrition
B)patient's gender
C)use of morphine
D)use of appetite stimulant

Accepted Answer

The answer of KL is a 34 yo male admitted...

Question 35

Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65 yo M admitted with ischemic CVA.Pt is aphasic c R sided weakness and the risk of dysphagia is obvious at admission.Pt is NPO.&#10;HT: 5'10&#34; WT: 223#&#10;Na: 137 Cl: 101 BUN: 21&#10;Chol: 223&#10;Glucose: 179&#10;K: 3.7 CO&#8322;: 26 Cr: 0.8&#10;CF has been discharged to a skilled nursing facility for rehabilitation Which of the following is not part of his care team?&#10;A)physical therapist&#10;B)occupational therapist&#10;C)kinesiotherapist&#10;D)neurologist

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65...

Question 36

Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65 yo M admitted with ischemic CVA.Pt is aphasic c R sided weakness and the risk of dysphagia is obvious at admission.Pt is NPO.&#10;HT: 5'10&#34; WT: 223#&#10;Na: 137 Cl: 101 BUN: 21&#10;Chol: 223&#10;Glucose: 179&#10;K: 3.7 CO&#8322;: 26 Cr: 0.8&#10;On day 9, your patient is doing much better, hemiparesis has resolved, and anticoagulation is underway He is to be discharged in a few days What would be your next intervention?&#10;A)consult speech therapist for upgrade in diet&#10;B)consult social worker to assess living situation&#10;C)screen for depression due to hospitalization&#10;D)weight reduction

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case Study Multiple Choice&#10;CF is a 65...

Question 37

You have a patient who has been admitted to the hospital with a stroke When you visit your patient at meal time, you notice that the small amount of food that has been eaten is pocketed on one side of your patient's mouth This is a characteristic of which common condition?

A)dysphagia
B)oxidative stress
C)aspiration
D)GERD

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have a patient who has been...

Question 38

Match between columns&#10;                        Premises: cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;cerebral cortex&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;parietal lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;limbic lobe&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;inhibitory&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;neuromodulator&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;frontal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;temporal lobe&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;neuropeptides&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebral hemisphere&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;cerebellum&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;endorphins&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;occipital lobe&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;myelin&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;excitatory&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem&#10;brain stem

Accepted Answer

The Answer of the part of the brain that connects is...

Deck 20: Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System