Deck 37: The Preschooler and Family

Question 1

By what age does a nurse expect most children to obey directions using prepositional phrases such as "under," "on top of," "beside," and "in back of"?

A) 18 months
B) 24 months
C) 3 years
D) 4 years

Answer 1

4 years

Question 2

A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection.He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was "bad." What is the best way for the nurse to interpret this comment?

A) It is a sign of stress.
B) It is a common belief at this age.
C) It is suggestive of maladaptation.
D) It is suggestive of excessive discipline at home.

Answer 2

It is a common belief at this age.

Question 3

Which method is the best way to deal with preschoolers' fears?

A) Actively involving them in finding practical methods to deal with the frightening experience
B) Forcing them to confront the frightening object or experience it in the presence of their parents
C) Using logical persuasion to explain away their fears and help them recognize how unrealistic they are
D) Ridiculing their fears so they understand that there is no need to be afraid

Answer 3

Actively involving them in finding practical methods to deal with the frightening experience

Question 4

In terms of language and cognitive development,which can be expected from a 5-year-old child?

A) Think in abstract terms.
B) Follow three commands in succession.
C) Understand conservation of matter.
D) Comprehend another person's perspective.

Question 5

Which characteristic best describes the language of a 3-year-old child?

A) Asks meanings of words
B) Follows directional commands
C) Describes an object according to its composition
D) Talks incessantly,regardless of whether anyone is listening

Question 6

What is one normal characteristic of language development for a preschool-age child?

A) Lisp
B) Stammering
C) Echolalia
D) Repetition without meaning

Question 7

Which is a useful skill that the nurse expects a 5-year-old child to be able to master?

A) Tie shoelaces.
B) Use a knife to cut meat.
C) Hammer a nail.
D) Make change from a quarter.

Question 8

What activity can the nurse expect of a healthy 3-year-old child?

A) The child is able to jump rope.
B) The child can ride a two-wheeled bicycle.
C) The child can skip on alternate feet.
D) The child can stand on one foot for a few seconds.

Question 9

The nurse is guiding parents in selecting a daycare facility for their child.When making the selection,which factor is it especially important to consider?

A) Structured learning environment
B) Socioeconomic status of children
C) Cultural similarities of children
D) Teachers knowledgeable about development

Question 10

Why are imaginary playmates beneficial to the preschool child?

A) They take the place of social interactions.
B) They take the place of pets and other toys.
C) They become friends in times of loneliness.
D) They accomplish what the child has already successfully accomplished.

Question 11

Which phrase is most descriptive of a preschooler's understanding of time?

A) A preschooler has no understanding of time.
B) A preschooler associates time with events.
C) A preschooler can tell time on a clock.
D) A preschooler uses terms like yesterday appropriately.

Question 12

During the preschool period,which method should be emphasized to prevent injury?

A) Constant vigilance and protection
B) Punishment for unsafe behaviours
C) Education about safety and potential hazards
D) Limitation of physical activities

Question 13

The parent of a 4-year-old son tells the nurse that the child believes "monsters and the boogeyman" are in his bedroom at night.What is the best suggestion the nurse can make for coping with this issue?

A) Insist that the child sleep with his parents until the fearful phase passes.
B) Suggest involving the child in finding a practical solution,such as a night light.
C) Help the child understand that these fears are illogical.
D) Tell the child frequently that monsters and boogeyman do not exist.

Question 14

In terms of cognitive development,what is expected of a 5-year-old child?

A) The child can use magical thinking.
B) The child is able to think abstractly.
C) The child can understand the conservation of matter.
D) The child may be unable to comprehend another person's perspective.

Question 15

When is a child with chickenpox considered to be no longer contagious?

A) When fever is absent
B) When the lesions are crusted
C) 24 hours after the lesions erupt
D) 8 days after the onset of illness

Question 16

To prevent varicella,what may be given to high-risk children after exposure to chickenpox?

A) Acyclovir
B) Vitamin A
C) Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
D) Varicella zoster immune globulin (VariZIG)

Question 17

Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period?

A) Solitary
B) Parallel
C) Associative
D) Team

Question 18

A child with which disease would have a recommendation for vitamin A supplementation?

A) Mumps
B) Rubella
C) Measles (rubeola)
D) Erythema infectiosum

Question 19

In terms of fine motor development,what is a 3-year-old child expected to do?

A) Tie shoelaces.
B) Use scissors or a pencil very well.
C) Draw a person with seven to nine parts.
D) Copy (draw)a circle.

Question 20

Why is acyclovir (Zovirax)given to children with chickenpox?

A) It minimizes scarring.
B) It decreases the number of lesions.
C) It prevents aplastic anemia.
D) It prevents the spread of the disease.

Question 21

Which conditions require strict isolation for a child who is hospitalized? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

A) Mumps
B) Parvovirus B19
C) Exanthema subitum (roseola)
D) Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
E) Rubella (German measles)

Question 22

In which communicable disease are Koplik spots present?

A) Rubella
B) Measles (rubeola)
C) Chickenpox (varicella)
D) Exanthema subitum (roseola)

Question 23

Which are true related to nutrition in the preschool-aged child? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

A) The required number of calories per unit of body weight continues to increase slightly throughout the preschool period.
B) Fluid requirements continue to increase slightly to 125 mL/kg/day.
C) Protein requirements increase.
D) Daily calcium intake is recommended to be 1000 mg for 4-year-old children.
E) Children aged 2 to 4 years should have six servings of fruit or vegetables each day.
F) Daily milk intake should be 500 mL to meet the child's vitamin D needs.

Question 24

Which are normal findings when assessing the physical growth of a 5-year-old child? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

A) Bowel and bladder control at nighttime is achieved.
B) Birth length is doubled.
C) Pulse and respiration rates decrease slightly from a 4-year-old.
D) Handedness is established.
E) Average height is 110 cm.
F) Average weight is 16.7 kg.

Question 25

Which information should the nurse include when teaching parents about the use of Caladryl? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

A) Apply as often as required.
B) It should be used with caution when the child is taking an oral antihistamine.
C) Lotion should be warmed in the hands prior to application.
D) Lotion should be applied sparingly.
E) It should not be used on children under 5 years of age.
F) Excessive absorption when applied to open lesions can lead to drug toxicity.

Question 26

Which are normal findings when assessing the language development of a 4-year-old child? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

A) Has a vocabulary of 1500 words or more
B) Uses sentences of four to five words
C) Tells exaggerated stories
D) Can sing simple songs
E) Names five colours
F) Can follow three commands in succession