Deck 49: Genitourinary Dysfunction

Question 1

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis.What does the nurse expect the urinalysis to show during this acute phase?

A) Bacteriuria,hematuria
B) Hematuria,proteinuria
C) Bacteriuria,increased specific gravity
D) Proteinuria,decreased specific gravity

Answer 1

Hematuria,proteinuria

Question 2

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

A) Risk for injury related to malignant process and treatment
B) Deficient fluid volume related to excessive losses
C) Excess fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration
D) Excess fluid volume related to fluid accumulation in tissues and third spaces

Answer 2

Excess fluid volume related to decreased plasma filtration

Question 3

What is an important objective of care for a child with nephrosis?

A) Reduce blood pressure.
B) Reduce excretion of urinary protein.
C) Increase excretion of urinary protein.
D) Increase the ability of tissues to retain fluid.

Answer 3

Reduce excretion of urinary protein.

Question 4

Which factor predisposes the urinary tract to infection?

A) Increased fluid intake
B) A short urethra in young girls
C) Prostatic secretions in males
D) Frequent emptying of the bladder

Question 5

Which is included in the therapeutic management of nephrosis?

A) Corticosteroids
B) Antihypertensive agents
C) Long-term diuretics
D) Increased fluids to promote diuresis

Question 6

What is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children?

A) Pyelonephritis
B) Tubular destruction
C) Urinary tract obstruction
D) Severe dehydration

Question 7

Which clinical manifestation is seen in a child with chronic kidney disease?

A) Hypotension
B) Massive hematuria
C) Hypokalemia
D) Unpleasant "uremic" breath odour

Question 8

What are the primary clinical manifestations of acute renal failure?

A) Oliguria and hypertension
B) Hematuria and pallor
C) Proteinuria and muscle cramps
D) Bacteriuria and facial edema

Question 9

What is a major complication in a child with chronic kidney disease?

A) Hypokalemia
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Water and sodium retention
D) Excessive excretion of blood urea nitrogen

Question 10

What is the narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin called?

A) Chordee
B) Phimosis
C) Epispadias
D) Hypospadias

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a child with acute renal failure.What clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as a sign of hyperkalemia?

A) Dyspnea
B) Seizure
C) Oliguria
D) Cardiac arrhythmia

Question 12

What is a common adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy?

A) Fever
B) Hypertension
C) Weight loss
D) Increased appetite

Question 13

What is usually different about the diet of a child with nephrosis?

A) High protein
B) Salt restriction
C) Low fat
D) High carbohydrate

Question 14

Where are Wilms' tumours (nephroblastomas)located?

A) Bone
B) Brain
C) Kidney
D) Lymphatic system

Question 15

One of the clinical manifestations of chronic kidney disease is uremic frost.What is the best description of this term?

A) Deposits of urea crystals in urine
B) Deposits of urea crystals on skin
C) Overexcretion of blood urea nitrogen
D) Inability of body to tolerate cold temperatures

Question 16

What is hypospadias?

A) Absence of a urethral opening
B) Penis shorter than usual for age
C) Urethral opening along dorsal surface of penis
D) Urethral opening along ventral surface of penis

Question 17

Which diagnostic test provides images of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposing them to external beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?

A) Renal ultrasound
B) Computed tomography
C) Intravenous pyelography
D) Voiding cystourethrography

Question 18

When a child has chronic renal failure (chronic kidney disease),which is the name of the clinical syndrome that is caused by progressive deterioration that produces a variety of clinical and biochemical disturbances?

A) Uremia
B) Oliguria
C) Proteinuria
D) Pyelonephritis

Question 19

What is the term for inflammation of the bladder?

A) Cystitis
B) Urosepsis
C) Urethritis
D) Bacteriuria

Question 20

What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

A) Wear cotton underpants.
B) Limit bathing as much as possible.
C) Increase fluids and decrease salt intake.
D) Cleanse the perineum with water after voiding.

Question 21

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis.The child seems to always be angry,hostile,or depressed.The nurse should recognize that this is most likely related to what issue?

A) Neurological manifestations that occur with dialysis
B) Physiological manifestations of renal disease
C) Adolescents have few coping mechanisms.
D) Adolescents often resent the control and enforced dependence imposed by dialysis.

Question 22

Which is characteristic of the diet of a child with chronic kidney disease?

A) High in protein
B) Low in vitamin D
C) Low in phosphorus
D) Supplemented with vitamins A,E,and K

Question 23

The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection.Which clinical manifestation does she observe?

A) Vomiting
B) Jaundice
C) Back pain
D) Swelling of the face

Question 24

What is the purpose of administering calcium carbonate with meals to a child with chronic kidney disease?

A) It prevents vomiting.
B) It decreases serum phosphate levels.
C) It stimulates the appetite.
D) It increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

Question 25

What is one advantage of peritoneal dialysis?

A) Treatments are done in hospitals.
B) Protein loss is less extensive.
C) Dietary limitations are not necessary.
D) Parents and older children can perform treatments.

Question 26

Which statement describes renal transplantation in children?

A) It is an acceptable means of treatment after age 10 years.
B) It is the preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children.
C) Children can receive kidneys only from other children.
D) The decision for transplantation is difficult since a relatively normal lifestyle is not possible.

Question 27

Order the sequence of events see in nephrotic syndrome.Express answer with small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

A) Hypoproteinemia
B) Edema
C) Proteinuria
D) Renal glomerular damage
E) Decreased oncotic pressure