Deck 11: Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

Question 1

define the following term:
Alexander Graham Bell

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Why did the old system of autocracy persist in Russia and Eastern Europe in the late nineteenth century?

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

In the late nineteenth century, what were the most important competing visions of women and their place in society?

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Who made up the late nineteenth-century middle classes, and what role did they play in the emerging mass society?

Question 5

What role did the Reichstag play in German politics in the late nineteenth century?

Question 6

define the following term:
Henry Ford

Question 7

define the following term:
internal combustion engine

Question 8

Compare and contrast middle-class and working-class families. How do you explain the similarities and the differences?

Question 9

define the following term:
Thomas Edison and Joseph Swan

Question 10

Discuss the growth of political democracy in Great Britain, France, and Italy. How would you account for the differences you note?

Question 11

define the following term:
tariffs

Question 12

define the following term:
Coney Island and Blackpool

Question 13

define the following term:
Guglielmo Marconi

Question 14

define the following term:
mass leisure

Question 15

How were the promises and problems of the new mass society reflected in education and leisure?

Question 16

define the following term:
electricity

Question 17

define the following term:
Wilbur and Orville Wright

Question 18

How did working-class people organize themselves to advance their own political and economic agenda?

Question 19

What is meant by the phrase "mass society"? How was the growth of this mass society related to changes in the urban environment?

Question 20

How did the steel, electricity, and the internal combustion engine shape economic and social developments in the late nineteenth century?

Question 21

define the following term:
mass education

Question 22

define the following term:
the assembly line

Question 23

define the following term:
sweatshops

Question 24

define the following term:
cartels

Question 25

define the following term:
Lord Tennyson's The Princess

Question 26

define the following term:
plutocrats

Question 27

define the following term:
Victor Huber

Question 28

define the following term:
revisionism

Question 29

define the following term:
Octavia Hill

Question 30

define the following term:
Second Industrial Revolution

Question 31

define the following term:
Eduard Bernstein

Question 32

define the following term:
mass politics

Question 33

define the following term:
Public Health Act of 1875

Question 34

define the following term:
white-collar jobs

Question 35

define the following term:
May Day

Question 36

define the following term:
Wilhelm Liebknecht and August Bebel

Question 37

define the following term:
mass society

Question 38

define the following term:
Consuelo Vanderbilt

Question 39

define the following term:
Social Democratic Party

Question 40

define the following term:
domestic servants

Question 41

define the following term:
the Commune

Question 42

define the following term:
bicameral legislature

Question 43

define the following term:
Redistribution Act

Question 44

define the following term:
Alexander III and Nicholas II

Question 45

define the following term:
"woman question"

Question 46

define the following term:
evolutionary socialism

Question 47

define the following term:
Aletta Jacob

Question 48

define the following term:
social security

Question 49

define the following term:
dance halls

Question 50

define the following term:
Bismarck's welfare legislation

Question 51

define the following term:
The Football Association and National and American Leagues

Question 52

define the following term:
Emperor Francis Joseph

Question 53

define the following term:
Kulturkampf

Question 54

define the following term:
Thomas Cook

Question 55

define the following term:
William II

Question 56

define the following term:
Elizabeth Poole Sanford's Woman in Her Social and Domestic Character

Question 57

define the following term:
France's Third Republic

Question 58

define the following term:
The Reichstag

Question 59

define the following term:
Russification

Question 60

define the following term:
Reform Act of 1884

Question 61

What occurred in a cartel?

A)A vertically integrated company worked to monopolize all business in its industry.
B)Independent enterprises worked together to control prices and fix production quotas.
C)Independent associations of grocers cooperated to artificially drive down prices.
D)Private militias orchestrated intelligence gathering to diminish the police powers of modern nation states.
E)Dependent enterprises worked with an overseeing organization to lower tariffs.

Question 62

Between 1895 and 1914, Europe as whole experienced

A)mass unemployment.
B)slow and inconsistent economic growth.
C)a deep depression.
D)wild economic instability.
E)an economic boom.

Question 63

What was the single largest political party in Germany by 1912?

A)Nazis
B)Greens
C)Social Democrats
D)Bolsheviks
E)Mensheviks

Question 64

By 1900, Europeans were importing beef and wool from

A)Japan.
B)China.
C)Argentina.
D)Algeria.
E)Java.

Question 65

Evolutionary socialism is also known as

A)neo-liberalism.
B)anarchism.
C)revisionism.
D)nihilism.
E)corporatism.

Question 66

Which two issues divided the Second International in the late nineteenth century?

A)Trade unions and liberalism
B)Liberalism and revisionism
C)Revisionism and nationalism
D)Nationalism and trade unions
E)Liberalism and revisionism.

Question 67

After 1870, industrialization outside of Europe and North America was most notable in

A)North Africa.
B)China.
C)South America.
D)the Middle East.
E)Japan.

Question 68

Working-class men argued that keeping working-class women out of the industrial workforce

A)all but guaranteed their future poverty.
B)was obviously illegal.
C)was part of a larger capitalist plot.
D)ensured the moral and physical well-being of families.
E)simply made it easier to exploit them.

Question 69

In 1914, which country had the largest trade union movement in Europe?

A)France
B)Italy
C)Britain
D)Austria-Hungary
E)Spain

Question 70

What did Eduard Bernstein claim in his book Evolutionary Socialism ?

A)The only hope for the workers was a violent revolution.
B)Socialism could best be achieved through the democratic process.
C)Unions should bargain with employers and avoid politics.
D)The poor were too ignorant to be allowed to vote.
E)True communism would take hundreds of years to evolve.

Question 71

What new energy source powered the second industrial revolution?

A)Coal
B)Hydroelectric
C)Natural gas
D)Electricity
E)Fuel-cells

Question 72

Between 1850 and 1900, wages in Germany and Britain

A)decreased.
B)more than tripled.
C)remained stagnant.
D)increased.
E)failed to keep up with inflation.

Question 73

In Britain, ____ led the movement to illuminate homes and cities with electric light.

A)Thomas Edison
B)Joseph Swan
C)Michael Faraday
D)Alexander Graham Bell
E)Guglielmo Marconi

Question 74

What did the increased competition for foreign markets and the growing importance of domestic demand lead to in late nineteenth-century Europe?

A)The elimination of trade restrictions like tariffs
B)A strong reaction against free trade and imposition of steep protective tariffs by most nations
C)Greater economic instability and a sequence of ever deeper economic depressions
D)Closer economic cooperation among the great powers
E)Greater investment by the United States in the European economy

Question 75

What was one of the new products of the "Second Industrial Revolution"?

A)Cotton textiles
B)Steel
C)Coal
D)Railroads
E)Steam engines

Question 76

What best describes employment opportunities for women during the Second Industrial Revolution?

A)They changed in quality and quantity with the expansion of the service sector.
B)They declined dramatically as prostitution became illegal.
C)They increased greatly with working-class men pushing their wives to work outside the home.
D)They declined when piece-work was abandoned as inefficient and "sweatshops" were outlawed.
E)They declined because labor unions forced governments to restrict most employment opportunities to men only.

Question 77

Which country replaced Great Britain as the leading industrial power in Europe after 1870?

A)France
B)Germany
C)Italy
D)Holland
E)Russia

Question 78

In Japan, ____ took the lead in promoting industry.

A)local communities
B)foreign investors
C)private companies
D)the imperial government
E)ambitious former samurai

Question 79

Which of these nations was the least industrially advanced by 1900?

A)Britain
B)Germany
C)France
D)Belgium
E)Spain

Question 80

By 1900, ____ workers were enrolled in British trade unions.

A)2,000
B)20,000
C)200,000
D)2 million
E)20 million