Deck 12: An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

Question 1

define the following term:
Social Darwinism

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

define the following term:
relativity theory

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

What led to the conflict between modernization and traditionalism in William's Germany?

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

define the following term:
psychoanalysis

Question 5

Compare and contrast the responses of China and Japan to European and American imperialism?

Question 6

Compare and contrast political developments in Britain and France in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. How would you explain the differences you note?

Question 7

How did the "new physics" challenge the established certainties of classical physics?

Question 8

define the following term:
Albert Einstein's E=mc²

Question 9

How did the "new imperialism" differ from previous periods of European overseas expansion?

Question 10

define the following term:
Max Planck and quanta

Question 11

define the following term:
Houston Stewart Chamberlain

Question 12

What led to the scramble for Africa? How did the colonization of Africa affect relations between the European powers?

Question 13

How did the place of Jews in European society change over the course of the nineteenth century?

Question 14

What are the defining characteristics of modernism?

Question 15

What did nineteenth-century women's rights activists hope to achieve?

Question 16

What assumptions did Freud make about the workings of the human mind?

Question 17

define the following term:
Friedrich Nietzsche

Question 18

define the following term:
The ego, the id, and the superego

Question 19

Why did international rivalries intensify in Europe in the decade leading up to World War I

Question 20

define the following term:
General Friedrich von Bernhardi

Question 21

define the following term:
Igor Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring

Question 22

define the following term:
Cubism

Question 23

define the following term:
Alfred Dreyfus

Question 24

define the following term:
economic imperialism

Question 25

define the following term:
Post-Impressionism

Question 26

define the following term:
David Lloyd George

Question 27

define the following term:
Naturalism

Question 28

define the following term:
Maria Montessori

Question 29

define the following term:
National Insurance Act of 1911

Question 30

define the following term:
George Eastman

Question 31

define the following term:
abstract painting

Question 32

define the following term:
Émile Zola

Question 33

define the following term:
the "new woman"

Question 34

define the following term:
suffragists

Question 35

define the following term:
William Butler Yates

Question 36

define the following term:
political democracy

Question 37

define the following term:
Zionism

Question 38

define the following term:
Vincent van Gogh

Question 39

define the following term:
Impressionism

Question 40

define the following term:
Wassily Kandinsky

Question 41

define the following term:
Pan-German League

Question 42

define the following term:
Sun Yat-sen

Question 43

define the following term:
sati

Question 44

define the following term:
Russo-Japanese War

Question 45

define the following term:
Suez Canal

Question 46

define the following term:
Triple Alliance

Question 47

define the following term:
Commodore Matthew Perry

Question 48

define the following term:
Modernism

Question 49

define the following term:
Hong Kong

Question 50

define the following term:
Indian National Congress

Question 51

define the following term:
Empress of India

Question 52

define the following term:
Meiji Restoration

Question 53

define the following term:
New Imperialism

Question 54

define the following term:
Cecil Rhodes

Question 55

define the following term:
Spanish-American War

Question 56

define the following term:
Boxer Rebellion

Question 57

define the following term:
Boer War

Question 58

define the following term:
Triple Entente

Question 59

define the following term:
Emperor William II

Question 60

define the following term:
Bismarckian System

Question 61

What did Émile Zola say to explain his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters?

A)"I have never given up on nature and the uplifting lessons it can teach us."
B)"I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."
C)"People are naturally bad and all my fictions are truths."
D)"My stories tell of a new Enlightenment."
E)"All life is a wasteland."

Question 62

Which artistic style was a reaction against Realism?

A)Naturalism
B)Cubism
C)Post-Impressionism
D)Symbolism
E)Romanticism

Question 63

Social Darwinists argued that

A)each human being was absolutely unique.
B)much more should be done to help the poor.
C)interracial marriage was essential to human progress.
D)race was a human construct, not a biological reality.
E)human societies were organisms that changed over time.

Question 64

The ____ often portrayed characters caught in the grip of forces beyond their control.

A)Naturalists
B)Symbolists
C)Cubists
D)Impressionists
E)Post-Impressionists

Question 65

In what two areas of science did Marie Curie win Nobel prizes?

A)Cellular biology and chemistry
B)Physics and cellular biology
C)Physics and chemistry
D)Geology and physics
E)Chemistry and astronomy

Question 66

define the following term:
Balkans' Crises

Question 67

What was the greatest difference between naturalism and realism in literature?

A)Realism dealt more with themes like human suffering.
B)Naturalism was more popular than realism.
C)Naturalism was generally more pessimistic than realism.
D)Realism was simply a continuation of naturalism.
E)Realism was more generally pessimistic than naturalism.

Question 68

What was the process that drove unwanted thoughts into the unconscious in Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A)Self-gratification
B)Neural dysfunction
C)Animal drives
D)Repression
E)Id erasure

Question 69

According to Nietzsche, ____ was/were decadent and incapable of cultural creativity.

A)women
B)African societies
C)socialist political parties
D)China
E)Western bourgeois society

Question 70

Marie and Paul Curie discovered

A)platinum.
B)radium.
C)xenon.
D)krypton.
E)helium.

Question 71

Whose quantum theory raised fundamental questions about the subatomic realm of the atom?

A)Tesla
B)Einstein
C)Planck
D)Curie
E)Carver

Question 72

What is the superego, according to Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A)The center of moral conscience
B)The center of rational calculation
C)The center of animal drives
D)The center of creative imagination
E)The center of troubles

Question 73

Einstein concluded that matter was

A)not really real.
B)just another form of energy.
C)fundamentally different than energy.
D)indestructible.
E)a form of time.

Question 74

With what artistic movement was Camille Pissarro associated?

A)Expressionism
B)Romanticism
C)Post-Impressionism
D)Impressionism
E)Dadaism

Question 75

What was a chief belief of Symbolists?

A)The supremacy of science over religion
B)The fundamental rationality of existence
C)The inability to obtain objective knowledge of the world
D)The functionality of art
E)The futility of art

Question 76

What did Friedrich von Bernhardi see as essential for human progress?

A)War
B)Tolerance
C)Equality
D)Slavery
E)Peace

Question 77

Florence Nightingale gained fame for her work during

A)the Danish War.
B)the Franco-Prussian War.
C)the Revolutions of 1848.
D)he Crimean War.
E)the Civil War.

Question 78

What did Houston Stewart Chamberlain argue in his 1899-publication Foundations of the Nineteenth Century ?

A)Germany would lead the world in high-tech manufacturing.
B)Germany would lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
C)Germany would be the European leader in music and the arts.
D)Germany would generate the next great world religion.
E)Germany would fail if they did not accept Jews as the originators of Western civilization.

Question 79

About what did Max Planck's quantum theory of energy raise fundamental questions?

A)The structure of stars
B)Acceptance of medieval theories of chemical reaction
C)The subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world
D)The safe transmission of electrical energy for powering modern economies
E)The electro-dynamics of moving bodies

Question 80

Who wrote the best example of naturalistic literature?

A)Victor Hugo
B)Charles Dickens
C)Albert Camus
D)Émile Zola
E)Gustave Flaubert