Deck 5: The Roman Republic

Question 1

Was Julius Caesar a man of the common people, or was he a tyrant in the making?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

What social and economic problems plagued the late Roman Republic and led to its decline?

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

define the following term:
The rape of Lucretia

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

define the following term:
753 B.C.E.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the Roman family of the Republic with the Greek family of Periclean Athens. Can it be said that women had more rights and freedom in one of these societies than the other? Why or why not?

Question 6

define the following term:
dictator, praetors, quaestors, aediles, censors

Question 7

define the following term:
Latium

Question 8

Discuss the role of the Senate, powerful generals, and politicians in the collapse of the Roman Republic.

Question 9

It has been said that Roman culture was not very original, only a copy of the Greek. Prove or disprove this idea.

Question 10

Which elements of Roman society and political culture were most innovative, and which were the product of Rome's contact with outside peoples and cultures?

Question 11

What were the causes and the results of the Punic Wars?

Question 12

define the following term:
fasces

Question 13

What advantages and disadvantages did integration into Rome's empire offer conquered peoples?

Question 14

The Greek historian Polybius described the Roman government in this fashion: "As for the Roman constitution, it had three elements, each of them possessing sovereign powers; and their respective share of power in the whole state had been regulated with such a scrupulous regard to equality and equilibrium, that no one could say for certain, not even a native, whether the constitution were an aristocracy or democracy or despotism." Is Polybius's description of the early Roman constitution an accurate one? Why or why not? Be specific.

Question 15

define the following term:
Romulus and Remus

Question 16

define the following term:
Etruscans

Question 17

define the following term:
Tiber River

Question 18

define the following term:
imperium

Question 19

Compare and contrast Roman religion with the religion of the Greeks. How did its religion help Rome become such an important state?

Question 20

In the "struggle of the orders," what did the plebeians want, and what did they succeed in getting? Can it be said that Rome became a democracy because of this struggle? Why or why not?

Question 21

define the following term:
Carthage and the Punic Wars

Question 22

define the following term:
Twelve Tables

Question 23

define the following term:
consuls

Question 24

define the following term:
council of the plebs and plebiscita

Question 25

define the following term:
Hannibal

Question 26

define the following term:
Roman confederation

Question 27

define the following term:
Pyrrhus and victory

Question 28

define the following term:
Roman citizenship

Question 29

define the following term:
Scipio Africanus and the Battle of Zama

Question 30

define the following term:
Cincinnatus

Question 31

define the following term:
centuriate assembly

Question 32

define the following term:
nomen, praenomen, gens, cognomen

Question 33

define the following term:
Roman Senate

Question 34

define the following term:
Cato the Elder

Question 35

define the following term:
Struggle of the Orders

Question 36

define the following term:
gentes

Question 37

define the following term:
tribunes of the plebs

Question 38

define the following term:
clientage

Question 39

define the following term:
paterfamilias

Question 40

define the following term:
patricians and plebeians

Question 41

define the following term:
Jupiter Optimus Maximus

Question 42

define the following term:
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

Question 43

define the following term:
Plautus and Terence

Question 44

define the following term:
Sulla

Question 45

define the following term:
Vestal Virgins

Question 46

define the following term:
Marius

Question 47

define the following term:
ius civile, ius gentium, and ius naturale

Question 48

define the following term:
Julius Caesar

Question 49

define the following term:
Circus Maximus

Question 50

define the following term:
Gaul

Question 51

define the following term:
omens and colleges of pontiffs and augurs

Question 52

define the following term:
equites (equestrians)and nobiles

Question 53

define the following term:
Crassus and Spartacus

Question 54

define the following term:
First Triumvirate

Question 55

define the following term:
grammaticus, rhetoric, and the liberal arts

Question 56

define the following term:
rhetoric

Question 57

define the following term:
Cicero

Question 58

define the following term:
optimates and populares

Question 59

define the following term:
latifundia

Question 60

define the following term:
mos maiorum and pietas

Question 61

define the following term:
Octavian

Question 62

The people to the north of Rome who apparently ruled Rome for a century and heavily influenced Roman urban culture were the

A)Ligurians.
B)Gauls.
C)Samnites.
D)Etruscans.
E)Dorians

Question 63

The main achievement of the Hortensian law in Roman constitutional history was its

A)removal of patricians from civic government.
B)establishment of the death penalty for treason against the state.
C)ruling that all plebiscita passed by the plebeian assembly had the force of law and were binding even upon the patricians.
D)banishment of all Greeks law from the Roman legal system.
E)giving citizenship to non-Romans.

Question 64

Roman traditionally associated the rape of Lucretia and its alleged consequences with

A)the end of the Etruscan domination of Rome.
B)the model of Roman womanhood and virtue.
C)the establishment of the era of the Republic.
D)the end of Rome's control by monarchs.
E)all of the above.

Question 65

The paterfamilias in Roman society was

A)a client to a patron or wealthy citizen.
B)the oldest son in a family.
C)an upper-class aristocrat.
D)a common person.
E)the male head of the family.

Question 66

Which of the following statements about Roman names is incorrect ?

A)Three names became common in the later Republic.
B)The praenomen was the forename or personal name.
C)The nomen was the hereditary family name.
D)The cognomen was the hereditary family name.
E)Women usually had one name, the feminine form of the father's nomen.

Question 67

define the following term:
the Battle of Actium

Question 68

Rome was established in the first millennium B.C.E. on the

A)plain of Latium.
B)river Danube.
C)coast of the Aegean Sea.
D)foothills of the Alps.
E)toe of the Italian peninsula.

Question 69

For the Romans, Italy's geography

A)provided little productive land for agriculture.
B)divided the peninsula into small isolated communities.
C)made Rome a natural crossroads and an area easy to defend.
D)made the conquering of the Mediterranean a difficult task.
E)created the same difficult environment as in Greece, thus making political unity difficult.

Question 70

The Struggle of the Orders

A)was a violent conflict between Rome's citizens and their slaves.
B)was a violent struggle between the patricians and plebeians.
C)was a peaceful struggle between the patricians and plebeians, won completely by the patricians.
D)was a peaceful revolution in which the plebeians were completely victorious.
E)was a peaceful struggle which resulted in political compromise.

Question 71

The Roman Senate

A)was the chief legislative body of the Republic.
B)could only advise the magistrates in legal matters.
C)was the most important popular assembly.
D)saw its power wane by the third century B.C.E.
E)was the only body with total military authority.

Question 72

The Roman Dictator

A)was a temporary executive during the period of the Republic.
B)exercised unlimited power for a period of usually six months.
C)was responsible for getting Rome involved in the Punic Wars.
D)all the above
E)a and b

Question 73

In their struggle with the patricians, Roman plebeians employed which of the following tactics:

A)a physical withdrawal from the state undercutting its military manpower
B)the formation of popular assemblies to lobby for more political reforms
C)open civil war
D)assassination of political opponents
E)a and b

Question 74

As Rome expanded, it became Roman policy to govern the provinces with officials known as

A)consuls.
B)quaestors.
C)colonnae.
D)proconsuls and propraetors.
E)tribunes.

Question 75

define the following term:
Sallust, Catullus, and Lucretius

Question 76

The Twelve Tables

A)was the meeting place of the Roman Senate.
B)were to record and inspire a new religious cult in Rome.
C)referred to the arts of the Roman festival celebrating spring's arrival.
D)was the only place in Rome where patricians and plebeians could meet together.
E)Were the first formal codification of Roman law and customs.

Question 77

Imperium was

A)the duties which Roman citizens owed to the gods.
B)the power to command Roman citizens.
C)the right to collect taxes.
D)the privileges reserved to patricians.
E)the name of Roman children's favorite board game.

Question 78

define the following term:
Mark Antony and Cleopatra

Question 79

define the following term:
the Rubicon

Question 80

define the following term:
Second Triumvirate