Deck 15: Secession and Civil War

Question 1

According to the theory of secession,

A) each state gave away its fundamental sovereignty and therefore was permanently subject to the Constitution.
B) no state could legally withdraw from the union.
C) no state had given away its fundamental sovereignty and therefore each could withdraw from the union.
D) no state had ever given away its fundamental sovereignty, but each had to recognize the final authority of the federal government.
E) secession could only be accomplished if a popular vote were held on the issue.

Answer 1

no state had given away its fundamental sovereignty and therefore each could withdraw from the union.

Question 2

The Constitution of the Confederate States of America

A) argued for the sovereignty of the Confederate government over that of the states.
B) specifically denied the right of secession.
C) guaranteed slavery in both the states and the territories.
D) was significantly different from the U.S. Constitution.
E) provided for the gradual abolition of slavery.

Answer 2

guaranteed slavery in both the states and the territories.

Question 3

Who of the following did not run for the presidency in 1860?

A) John C. Breckinridge
B) Stephen Douglas
C) William Seward
D) John Bell
E) Abraham Lincoln

Answer 3

William Seward

Question 4

The appointment of to command Confederate armies in Virginia marked a turning point in the Civil War.

A) Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson
B) J. E. B. Stuart
C) Robert E. Lee
D) Joseph Johnston
E) Jefferson Davis

Question 5

The reputation of General Ulysses S. Grant was established in 1862

A) because of his brilliant service under McClellan in Virginia.
B) with his stirring victories at Forts Donelson and Henry in Tennessee.
C) with his important victory at Perryville.
D) in defeat, at Bull Run.
E) with his victory at Gettysburg.

Question 6

On the issue of secession, most Northerners agreed that

A) the union was a voluntary association and therefore could be dissolved.
B) the Southern states were an economic drain on the nation and so the North would actually profit from secession.
C) secession was unconstitutional, treasonable, and impossible.
D) the issue should be decided by the Supreme Court, not by the president.
E) the issue should be decided by a nationwide referendum.

Question 7

One of the major problems faced by Union armies during the campaigns of 1862 was

A) poor training and inexperience of the troops.
B) inadequate supplies and war materials.
C) resistance to the draft.
D) Lincoln's hesitancy in pressing the war effort.
E) McClellan's reluctance to fight.

Question 8

At the Battle of the Seven Days, Confederate armies prevented George McClellan from capturing which vital Southern city?

A) Atlanta
B) Charleston
C) Richmond
D) New Orleans
E) Memphis

Question 9

The Crittenden Compromise

A) promised to protect slavery in all territories south of 36 ° 30'.
B) guaranteed more representation to southern states in the House of Representatives.
C) denied the right of slaveholders to be compensated for runaway slaves.
D) argued for popular sovereignty on the slavery question.
E) received strong support in the South.

Question 10

The Union war effort was financed primarily by

A) war bonds.
B) "greenbacks."
C) tariffs.
D) income taxes.
E) charitable contributions.

Question 11

The first significant battle of the Civil War took place at

A) Bull Run.
B) Harpers Ferry.
C) Shiloh.
D) Seven Pines.
E) Gettysburg.

Question 12

In the famous naval battle of 1861, the Northern ship Monitor faced the Southern ironclad, the

A) Virginia.
B) Alabama.
C) Carolina.
D) Georgia.
E) Confederate.

Question 13

The president of the Confederacy was

A) Robert E. Lee.
B) Alexander Stephens.
C) Jefferson Davis.
D) John C. Calhoun.
E) Stonewall Jackson.

Question 14

Which of the following slave states did not secede from the United States?

A) Kansas
B) Kentucky
C) Arkansas
D) Tennessee
E) Texas

Question 15

All of the following were northern advantages except

A) greater population.
B) defensive war as a strategy.
C) greater industrial production.
D) larger military.
E) superior resources.

Question 16

Which was not a Northern military advantage over the South?

A) large manpower advantages
B) better commanding officers in the field
C) industrial advantages
D) transportation and communications advantages
E) greater bank capital and wealth

Question 17

Which of the following best describes both militaries?

A) They were mostly volunteers early on.
B) They were always supplied well.
C) They were always upper class.
D) Neither side utilized African Americans.
E) They were all draftees.

Question 18

The main plank of the Republican Party's 1860 platform called for

A) a higher tariff.
B) federal aid for railroad construction.
C) a homestead act.
D) abolishing the slave trade in Washington, D.C.
E) exclusion of slavery from the territories.

Question 19

The Trent Affair

A) almost ended the Civil War before it began.
B) was as close as the South came to winning the war.
C) almost ruptured British-American relations.
D) broke off relations between the South and Britain.
E) prevented the South from shipping cotton to South America.

Question 20

All of the following statements regarding Abraham Lincoln's election in 1860 are true except he

A) only carried one southern state.
B) received less than 40 percent of the popular vote.
C) won every free state.
D) won by a substantial margin in the electoral college.
E) received more popular votes than Breckinridge.

Question 21

The Constitution of the Confederate States of America was drawn up in

A) Atlanta, Georgia.
B) Montgomery, Alabama.
C) Richmond, Virginia.
D) Charleston, South Carolina.
E) Austin, Texas

Question 22

Southerners refer to the Battle of Bull Run as the Battle of Manassas.

Question 23

Before 1860 southerners had

A) controlled the presidency most of the time.
B) been a majority on the Supreme Court.
C) provided the leadership of both the House.
D) provided the leadership of the Senate.
E) all of these choices.

Question 24

of the white population in the border states (Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri) favored the Union.

A) one-quarter
B) one-half
C) two-thirds
D) three-quarters
E) nine-tenths

Question 25

The Republican platform of 1860 called for the abolition of slavery.

Question 26

About of the Union's wartime revenue came from selling war bonds.

A) two-thirds
B) one-half
C) three-quarters
D) four-fifths
E) nine-tenths

Question 27

All states with slaves seceded from the union between 1860 and 1861.

Question 28

Jefferson Davis was chosen president of the Confederacy because he was

A) the most outspoken of the radical secessionists.
B) a nephew of George Washington and would therefore make the Confederacy more legitimate.
C) a moderate who had extensive military and political experience.
D) the only person who wanted to assume the office.
E) from the North.

Question 29

The Confederate economy suffered from

A) extremely high rates of inflation.
B) severe deflation.
C) exorbitant income taxes.
D) overproduction.
E) high import duties

Question 30

John C. Breckinridge ran for president in 1860 under the banner of the Party.

A) Whig
B) Southern Rights Democratic
C) Democratic
D) Republican
E) American

Question 31

Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because he feared that it would

A) lead to southern filibustering to take Cuba and other southern lands.
B) bring the British into the war.
C) surrender all of the western territories to the South.
D) reunite the Democratic Party.
E) cause war with Mexico.

Question 32

To win the war, the Confederacy believed it just had to hold out long enough for the Union to see that the cost of war was too high.

Question 33

At the beginning of the war, the Confederacy benefited from its

A) loyal slaves, many of whom were recruited as soldiers.
B) friendly relations with European countries that gave money and supplies to the "new nation."
C) calm and reasonable leaders who created sympathy for "the cause" among Northern conservatives.
D) rural traditions of hunting and riding that prepared its population for military activities.
E) large numbers of factories.

Question 34

The first Battle of Bull Run is most significant because

A) it revealed how short the war would be.
B) it made the north feel that the war was essentially over and they had won.
C) more Confederates died than Union soldiers.
D) it made Grant stand out to Lincoln.
E) it was a wake-up call to the north that this war would be long and drawn out.

Question 35

The Civil War is considered the first modern war because

A) it was the first internal rebellion in a major nation.
B) modern weapons such as machine guns and hand grenades were introduced.
C) new forms of communication and transportation played an important role.
D) it affected all segments of society.
E) of the relative lack of bloodship.

Question 36

The South relied on all of the following to finance the war except

A) treasury notes.
B) loans.
C) taxation.
D) new currency.
E) foreign investment.

Question 37

The Anaconda Plan was

A) Secretary of State William Seward's program for ensuring the loyalty of the Anaconda Indians during the war.
B) General Winfield Scott's strategy for encircling and squeezing the South into submission.
C) a congressional design for building dams and flood controls on the Anaconda River.
D) the Confederate battle plan for the attack at Bull Run.
E) a Union plan for financing the war effort.

Question 38

William L. Yancey and Edmund Ruffin

A) were prominent secessionists who founded the League of United Southerners.
B) were the first two volunteers from South Carolina when the war started.
C) tried to arrange a compromise Democratic candidate in 1860 who would bridge sectional differences.
D) were early backers of Abraham Lincoln for president in 1860.
E) were members of Lincoln's cabinet.

Question 39

Robert E. Lee joined the Confederacy because he

A) was offered more money by the Confederacy than he was making in the Union military.
B) owned over two hundred slaves and feared that he would be bankrupted if they were freed.
C) believed the Southern states had a constitutional right to secede from the Union.
D) was anxious to help weaken the North.
E) loved his home state of Virginia and could not fight against it.

Question 40

The total Confederate population of 9 million included slaves.

A) 1.6 million
B) 2.1 million
C) 2.9 million
D) 1 million
E) 3.7 million

Question 41

Leaders of the Union and the Confederacy both foresaw a long, bloody struggle as war began in 1861.

Question 42

The southern economy thrived throughout the Civil War.

Question 43

Maryland and Missouri were the only two slave states that did not secede.

Question 44

Members of the postwar James Younger gang were Confederate bushwhackers during the Civil War.

Question 45

The Confederacy reaped great profits from the sale of the 1861 cotton crop.

Question 46

The Confederacy was successful in their surprise attack at Shiloh.

Question 47

The south had the capacity to build a strong navy.

Question 48

Constitutional Union Party presidential candidate John Bell had no chance of winning the election of 1860.

Question 49

The Battle of Shiloh was a Union victory that hurt Ulysses S. Grant's image.

Question 50

The Democratic Party split into two factions before the election of 1860.

Question 51

Citizens of both the Union and the Confederacy believed they were defending their nation, flag, Constitution, and liberty.

Question 52

The South's voluntary embargo of cotton exports suggested to British and French diplomats that the Union blockade was at least partly effective.

Question 53

The northern economy was weaker than the southern economy.

Question 54

Robert E. Lee did not believe the southern states had the right to secede.

Question 55

Southerners considered the Republican pledge not to interfere with slavery in the states meaningless.

Question 56

Southerners defended their withdrawal from the Union by asserting that the leaders of the American Revolution were also secessionists.

Question 57

The Crittenden Compromise essentially repudiated the Republican platform of 1860.

Question 58

The delegates at the Southern secession conventions voted unanimously in favor of withdrawing from the Union.

Question 59

The Battle of Shiloh began with the Union on the attack.

Question 60

The Seven Days' battles were demoralizing for the South.

Question 61

All Republicans insisted that slavery be kept out of all future territories, even if doing so destroyed the Union.

Question 62

Democratic Party rules in effect gave Southerners veto power over the selection of the party's presidential nominee.

Question 63

The siege at Fort Sumter lasted for ten days.

Question 64

The victorious forces at the Second Battle of Bull Run were_____________.

Question 65

Lincoln instituted a Union blockade of Confederate ports three months after the surrender of Fort Sumter.

Question 66

Lincoln's initial call for military volunteers yielded only half the number of recruits he had requested.

Question 67

European monarchists and conservatives were distressed at the idea of Southern secession leading to the breakup of the United States.

Question 68

A total of_____________ states passed secession ordinances and joined the Confederate States of America.

Question 69

Stephen A. Douglas supported a federal slave code for the territories.

Question 70

Had the Confederacy lost the war in the spring of 1862, the South might have returned to the Union with slavery intact.

Question 71

Lincoln carried 5 southern states with few electoral ballots.

Question 72

Southern Democrats embraced Stephen A. Douglas as a possible presidential nominee in 1860.

Question 73

The government measure that modernized the American monetary system was the_____________.

Question 74

Lincoln's cabinet advised him not to withdraw the federal troops from Fort Sumter.

Question 75

Southern moderates were convinced that secession was not inevitable if Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860.

Question 76

The young, heralded commander   of the Army of the Potomac in 1861 was_____________.

Question 77

The 1860 Republican platform was designed to appeal to many groups in the North.

Question 78

The first state to secede from the union was_____________.

Question 79

The Republican platform in 1860 proved especially attractive to young people.

Question 80

The vice president of the Confederacy was_____________.