Deck 12: The Renaissance in Italy and Northern Europe

Question 1

Who won the War of Chioggia?

A) Naples
B) Venice
C) Rome
D) Florence
E) Genoa

Answer 1

Venice

Question 2

Filippo Brunelleschi ______________.

A) designed the dome of the cathedral in Florence
B) introduced linear perspective to painting
C) derived inspiration from ancient Rome
D) was widely influential among artists of the Italian Renaissance
E) All of these.

Answer 2

All of these.

Question 3

Petrarch's sonnets were written in the vernacular, in his case, ______________.

A) German
B) Greek
C) Italian
D) French
E) English

Answer 3

Italian

Question 4

What is meant by the "vanishing point" in painting?

A) The spot at which perspective is lost.
B) The blending of colors into one another.
C) The convergence of lines to give the appearance of dimension.
D) The embedding or hiding an image in the background of a painting.
E) The extension a picture to the very edges of a canvas to convey its continuation.

Question 5

One of the main ways families in the fifteenth century could demonstrate their wealth and status was through ______________.

A) patronage of the arts
B) donations to a church
C) sending their sons to universities
D) buying material goods for decoration
E) going on a pilgrimage

Question 6

A northern European artwork contained in manuscripts is found in what form?

A) Illuminations within Bibles
B) Calendars with Saint's days
C) Ornate designs of geometric figures inspired by Arabic artwork
D) Symbolism within family portraits
E) None of these.

Question 7

Typical furniture for a family of modest means in the fourteenth century would have included all of the following except ______________.

A) one or two beds for the family
B) a common table used for work and dining
C) a stool or bench
D) a cabinet for clothing
E) a chest for storage

Question 8

Florence became a center of Greek revival because manuscripts arrived there from ______________.

A) Greece
B) Paris
C) the Ottoman Empire
D) Macedonia
E) Damascus

Question 9

Masters, such as Giotto, who created religious art were not deemed artists, but ______________.

A) artisans
B) craftsmen
C) clients
D) apprentices
E) None of these.

Question 10

Sumptuary laws regulated ______________.

A) furniture
B) alcohol
C) food
D) clothing
E) All of these.

Question 11

How did the Medici come to power in Florence?

A) Through the distribution of favors
B) By military conquest
C) By papal decree
D) By royal decree
E) Through democratic election

Question 12

Why was Emmanuel Chrysoloras important to the Italian Renaissance?

A) He wrote The Prince .
B) He reintroduced Greek scientific works to the West.
C) He translated the New Testament from Greek.
D) He brought the political writings of Cicero to the Florentines.
E) He introduced the artistic technique of perspective to painters from the East.

Question 13

Who first described the "Renaissance Man"?

A) Machiavelli
B) Castiglione
C) Petrarch
D) Lorenzo de' Medici
E) Savonarola

Question 14

In what way did Flemish painting differ from Italian painting?

A) The Flemish used oil paint.
B) The Italians used tempera paint.
C) Flemish painters used a viewpoint that put the viewer in the painting with the subject.
D) Italian painters used a frame to differentiate the painting from the viewer.
E) Flemish painting differed from Italian in all of these ways.

Question 15

Machiavelli's most influential work was entitled ______________.

A) The Prince
B) The Courtier
C) The Courtesan
D) The Vendetta
E) Sonnets

Question 16

Who painted the Sistine Chapel?

A) Michelangelo
B) Da Vinci
C) Raphael
D) Brunelleschi
E) van Eyck

Question 17

Although it was condemned by the church, Da Vinci gained knowledge of human anatomy through ______________.

A) dissecting bodies
B) hiring nude models
C) painting nude figures
D) going to medical school at a secular university
E) None of these.

Question 18

Humanists criticized earlier Scholastic thinkers for what reason?

A) For their emphasis only on Christian theology
B) For not taking Greek literature into consideration
C) For improper translations into Latin
D) For not paying attention to grammar and vocabulary
E) For trying to fuse logic and faith to explain religion

Question 19

In his travels as an ambassador for the Pope in Avignon, where did Petrarch rediscover many forgotten texts?

A) Libraries
B) Private collections
C) Archives
D) Museums
E) Monasteries

Question 20

What reformist friar ruled Florence?

A) Cosimo de' Medici
B) Lorenzo de' Medici
C) Niccolò Machiavelli
D) Girolamo Savonarola
E) Francesco Sforza

Question 21

Desiderius Erasmus was known for ______________.

A) inventing the printing press
B) his bible translation
C) his sculpture and painting
D) his engineering skill
E) his studies of the kabbalah

Question 22

King Francis I of France had an intense cultural interest in ______________.

A) humanism
B) Renaissance painting
C) chivalry
D) reformation of the church
E) expanding literacy

Question 23

The city that referred to itself as The Most Serene Republic was ______________.

A) Florence
B) Genoa
C) Venice
D) Sicily
E) Verona

Question 24

Lorenzo Valla ______________.

A) proved the Donation of Constantine was a forgery
B) wrote The Prince
C) experimented with linear perspective
D) translated the New Testament into Greek
E) brought the works of Aristotle to Milan

Question 25

The maritime republics of Venice and Genoa went to war with each other four times over ______________.

A) claims of territory for trade
B) monopolies on certain luxury goods
C) refusal to engage in price-setting accords
D) trying to undercut one another in Constantinople
E) being the chief purveyor of goods to the papacy

Question 26

Which of the following was not a fear that stemmed from the production of a Bible in the vernacular (common language)?

A) That laity would not rely on the church for spiritual guidance
B) That availability of the Bible would lead to a call for more schools and universities
C) That laity would read but not correctly understand the Bible
D) That women might get out of line if they were able to read the Bible
E) That it would alienate people from religion altogether in the face of new studies in philosophy

Question 27

What was the challenge of incorporating Hebrew texts into humanist scholarship?

A) The Jewish community retained a monopoly on teaching Hebrew.
B) Secular and government restrictions in Spain and France prohibited Hebrew texts.
C) The objection that Judaism had any influence on Christianity
D) Kabbalah was on the Catholic Church's Forbidden Index.
E) Fear of the Inquisition

Question 28

The ruling family of Milan in the mid-fifteenth century was ______________.

A) the Sforza
B) the Visconti
C) the Medici
D) the Borgias
E) None of these.

Question 29

What contributed most significantly to the growth of humanist culture in the Renaissance?

A) The waning power of the church
B) The decline of the Byzantine Empire
C) The invention of the printing press
D) The growth of private tutorials for secular education
E) The patronage by wealthy Florentine families of the artists and writers surrounding them

Question 30

The new field of patristics focused on what?

A) Grammar and rhetoric of early translations
B) Study of the writings of the early church fathers
C) Tracing patrons' family histories
D) Studying the political writings of ancient Rome
E) Lives of the saints as literature rather than theology

Question 31

A major difference between northern and Italian literary scholars was ______________.

A) northern scholars were inclined to apply their knowledge to business rather than art
B) Italian scholars were more withdrawn and cloistered
C) northern scholars tried to reconcile humanism and Christianity
D) Italian scholars rarely deviated from Christian theology in their studies
E) Italian scholars came mostly from church-run institutions

Question 32

One of the most popular forms of literature in England was ______________.

A) Petrarchian sonnets
B) Arthurian legends
C) utopianism
D) Christian humanist debates
E) None of these.

Question 33

With cheaper paper and widespread printing, all of the following saw a dramatic increase in circulation except ______________.

A) political pamphlets
B) the Bible
C) bureaucratic forms
D) art reproductions
E) religious tracts

Question 34

The duties of the condotierri in northern Italian cities included ______________.

A) overseeing and regulating fairness in trade
B) acting as patrician council members
C) serving as peacekeepers and professional soldiers
D) working as conductors of gondolas in Venice
E) negotiating between rival families to settle vendettas

Question 35

Guttenberg's press was innovative because ______________.

A) no one had used a printing press before
B) it had moveable characters
C) it used metal type
D) it used paper
E) it used ink

Question 36

In contrast to the Republican (in theory) system of government in Florence, Milan was ruled by ______________.

A) a Prince
B) a Duke
C) a Doge
D) a Majordomo
E) a Condotierri

Question 37

Who wrote Le Morte d'Arthur ?

A) William Caxton
B) Thomas Mallory
C) Fontainebleau
D) Aldus Manutius
E) Petrarch

Question 38

What was Pope Julius II most noted for?

A) Leading his own army to impose papal rule over central Italy
B) Being part of the Borgia family and appointing his illegitimate son as a cardinal
C) Overthrowing the Medici in Florence
D) Declaring war on the Holy Roman Empire
E) Initiating a reconciliation with the Eastern Orthodox Church

Question 39

What was the basis for the de' Medici family's source of power in Florence?

A) Operating the first printing press in the city
B) Lorenzo was a powerful lawyer who wrote city charters
C) Cosimo was banker to the Pope
D) Investing in overseas trade
E) Patronizing the arts

Question 40

Which of the following changed Florence's tradition of government in the hands of wealthy merchants in 1494?

A) The Venetian Doge
B) A reform-minded preacher
C) The pope
D) An open election by all of the city guilds
E) None of these.

Question 41

What were the events that led to the rise of Moscow as the political center of Russia?

Question 42

The late fourteenth-century marriage of Jagiello and Jadwiga connected their kingdom to the Holy Roman Empire because they ______________.

A) were Catholic rather than Eastern Orthodox
B) waged war against Russia
C) joined the Teutonic Knights to fight the Mongols
D) embraced the economic opportunities brought by the Hanseatic League
E) married their children into the Habsburg family

Question 43

The Wars of the Roses were fought in England between which two families?

A) The Lancasters and Tudors
B) The Plantagenets and Capetians
C) The Lancasters and Yorks
D) The Yorks and Tudors
E) The Tudors and Stuarts

Question 44

To discourage invasion of Russia by the Golden Horde, Basil I formed an alliance with ______________.

A) Poland
B) Lithuania
C) the Teutonic Knights
D) the Holy Roman Empire
E) the Ottoman Empire

Question 45

The Golden Bull, issued by Holy Roman emperor Charles IV, declared that ______________.

A) future Holy Roman emperors must be chosen by seven permanent electors between church and state
B) the emperor could only come from the principality of Bohemia
C) the principalities of the Holy Roman Empire must unite and declare war against the Ottoman Empire
D) the Hanseatic League would function as municipal governments in the eastern territories
E) the emperor could issue decrees in the name of the pope

Question 46

What was the cultural impact of Guttenberg's press?

Question 47

At the end of the fifteenth century, the strongest power in the East was ______________.

A) Bohemia
B) Poland-Lithuania
C) Moscow
D) Hungary
E) the Ottoman Empire

Question 48

How were Italian states governed during the Renaissance?

Question 49

Discuss the alliances between eastern Europe and the Holy Roman Empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

Question 50

The final showdown for power among the English royal factions, which installed the Tudor dynasty, was at ______________.

A) Hastings
B) Bosworth Field
C) Calais
D) Crécy
E) Kent

Question 51

How did papacy deal with threats to its power during the Renaissance period?

Question 52

The principality in the Holy Roman Empire that was seen as a buffer state against invasion by the Ottomans was ______________.

A) Moravia
B) Prussia
C) Poland
D) Bohemia
E) Saxony

Question 53

Basil II of Russia achieved political stability after ______________.

A) expelling the Mongols from Russia
B) expelling the Tatars (Golden Horde)
C) quelling attacks from the Hanseatic League
D) suppressing civil wars brought on by his family's challenge to his rule
E) accepting Roman Catholicism instead of Eastern Orthodoxy

Question 54

In what ways did Michelangelo represent a departure from what had come before?

Question 55

Discuss the political world Niccolò Machiavelli sought to navigate and its consequences.

Question 56

Discuss the causes and impact of the War of Chioggia?

Question 57

Define humanism and discuss how it was a new form of human thought.

Question 58

The Hanseatic League was ______________.

A) an association of German merchants in various outposts in the Baltics and Scandinavia
B) an alliance of principalities within the Holy Roman Empire who opposed Sigismund
C) a confederation of humanist scholars who tried to separate the empire from its affiliation with the Catholic Church
D) a group of Germanic princes who sought to enforce their rule over the northern Italian city-states
E) None of these.

Question 59

What were the major political transitions in England in the fifteenth century?

Question 60

Compare and contrast the Italian and the Northern Renaissance.

Question 61

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Filippo Brunelleschi

Question 62

Richard III put an end to the War of the Roses by marrying the daughter of the French King.

Question 63

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Emmanuel Chrysoloras

Question 64

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
vernacular

Question 65

In Venice, only patrician men were allowed to wear the red gowns known as giubba .

Question 66

Leonardo da Vinci is widely credited for the invention of linear perspective.

Question 67

The power of combining Poland and Lithuania defeated the Teutonic Knights.

Question 68

Why was the image of chivalric tradition encouraged in the fifteenth century? How was it spread?

Question 69

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Lorenzo de' Medici

Question 70

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Girolamo Savonarola

Question 71

A lover and collector of books is called a bibliophile.

Question 72

Petrarch was one of the first humanist scholars.

Question 73

Oil paintings in the Flemish style were characterized by the sparse use of objects.

Question 74

Emmanuel Chrysoloras founded the centers of renewed learning in Venice because of its maritime access.

Question 75

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
linear perspective

Question 76

Pope Alexander VI was viewed as scandalous because he promoted his illegitimate son to church positions.

Question 77

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
doge

Question 78

Aldus Manutius invented the movable type font that promoted wide publication of texts in the fifteenth century.

Question 79

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Leonardo Da Vinci

Question 80

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
humanism