Deck 28: Seed Plants

Question 1

Which phylum's very few surviving species are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns?

A) Cycadophyta
B) Pteridophyta
C) Gnetophyta
D) Anthophyta
E) Coniferophyta

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which part of a flowering plant is the immature male gametophyte?

A) Style
B) Anther
C) Sperm cell
D) Pollen grain
E) Microsporocytes

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The name conifer comes from the reproductive parts of conifers as they have separate male and female reproductive parts in different locations on the same plant. What is the technical name for the structures bearing these reproductive parts?

A) Strobili
B) Xylem
C) Tracheid
D) Resin
E) Conifers

Answer 3

A

Question 4

How is the pollen of pine trees primarily disseminated?

A) Birds
B) Wind
C) Water
D) Insects
E) Mammals

Question 5

Most conifers have separate male and female reproductive parts on the same tree. This condition is referred to as:

A) deciduous.
B) dioecious.
C) monoecious.
D) homosporous.
E) heterosporous.

Question 6

In most developing eudicot seeds, the primary source of nutritive material is in the:

A) fruit.
B) zygote.
C) embryo.
D) endosperm.
E) cotyledons.

Question 7

As a seed develops from an ovule, the ovule wall enlarges and develops into a:

A) fruit
B) seed coat
C) megaspore
D) microspore
E) pollen grain

Question 8

Which generation is significantly reduced in size and entirely dependent on the sporophyte generation?

A) Megasporangium
B) Gymnosperms
C) Gametophyte
D) Angiosperms
E) Integuments

Question 9

Which statement about gymnosperms and angiosperms is FALSE?

A) Both groups produce seeds.
B) Both groups are heterosporous.
C) Both groups possess vascular tissues.
D) In both groups, the sporophyte generation is dominant.
E) Both groups have free-living gametophytes.

Question 10

Why are seeds reproductively superior to spores?

A) Seeds contain a multicellular young plant.
B) Seeds are used as a food source for humans.
C) Seeds are protected by a multicellular seed coat.
D) Only seeds can survive for an extended period of time.
E) Seeds contain a young plant and also are protected by a seed coat.

Question 11

Cycads may be characterized as being:

A) dioecious and having motile sperm.
B) the most primitive flowering plants.
C) monoecious and having motile sperm.
D) dioecious and having nonmotile sperm.
E) monoecious and having nonmotile sperm.

Question 12

Plants that have a distinct haploid stage and diploid stage exhibit:

A) parthenocarpy.
B) binary generations.
C) alternation of generations.
D) asexual and sexual generations.
E) mitotic and meiotic generations.

Question 13

What do the large female cones of a pine tree contain?

A) Pollen
B) Antheridia
C) Microspores
D) Megasporangia
E) Microsporangia

Question 14

Seed plants produce ovules, each of which is a megasporangium surrounded by ___________.

A) integuments
B) megasporangium
C) angiosperms
D) gymnosperms
E) phloem

Question 15

Extracts from the ginkgo tree are sold in over-the-counter (OTC) medicines purported to increase memory. Extracts from what other gymnosperm were once sold in OTC weight loss supplements?

A) Ephedra
B) Eucalyptus
C) Welwitschia
D) Archaeopteris
E) Sequoiadendron

Question 16

Which plants generally have leaves called needles that are long, narrow, tough, and leathery?

A) Strobili
B) Xylem
C) Tracheid
D) Resins
E) Conifers

Question 17

Which vascular tissue in both gymnosperms and flowering plants is for conducting water and dissolved minerals?

A) Ovules
B) Phyla
C) Phloem
D) Xylem
E) Integuments

Question 18

Which of the following phyla is unusual because it is composed of a single species?

A) Gnetophtya
B) Anthophyta
C) Ginkgophyta
D) Coniferophyta
E) Cycadophyta

Question 19

The accompanying figures are representative of which of the following? ​

A) Anthophyta
B) Gnetophyta
C) Ginkophyta
D) Cycadophyta
E) Coniferophyta

Question 20

What is the function of the phloem in plants?

A) To transport sap
B) To transport nutrients
C) To transport dissolved sugars
D) To transport water and food
E) To transport water and minerals

Question 21

Figure 28-1 ​

What is the structure labeled as 9 in the accompanying figure?

A) Style
B) Pistil
C) Ovary
D) Anther
E) Filament

Question 22

The endosperm of an angiosperm seed is typically:

A) haploid (1n).
B) diploid (2n).
C) triploid (3n).
D) quadraploid (4n).
E) pentaploid (5n).

Question 23

Which is an example of a monocot?

A) Cactus
B) Onions
C) Oak tree
D) Pine tree
E) Tomato plant

Question 24

What does each male cone's leaflike scales that bear sporangia on the underside consist of?

A) Megasporangia
B) Pollen grain
C) Microsporangia
D) Sporophylls
E) Megasporocyte

Question 25

Figure 28-1 ​

Which label designates a female reproductive structure in the accompanying figure?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 7
E) 8

Question 26

Each cone scale bears two ovules, or _____________, on its upper surface.

Question 27

The third gnetophyte genus, ________________, contains a single species found in deserts of southwestern Africa.

Question 28

The genus Pinus , by far the largest genus in the conifers, consists of about how many species?

A) 150
B) 200
C) 100
D) 120
E) 220

Question 29

What is the function of the sepal of a flowering plant?

A) To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
B) To protect the flower bud
C) To attract pollinators
D) To absorb nutrients
E) To bear ovules

Question 30

A plant with parallel veins and floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as a:

A) eudicot.
B) monocot.
C) gnetophyte.
D) gymnosperm.
E) cotyledonous plant.

Question 31

The most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the:

A) ferns.
B) lycopods.
C) bryophytes.
D) angiosperms.
E) gymnosperms.

Question 32

The fourth phylum is a collection of which unusual plants that share certain traits not found in other gymnosperms?

A) Megasporangium
B) Gnetophyta
C) Gametophyte
D) Angiosperms
E) Integuments

Question 33

After fertilization in angiosperms, what does the ovule develop into?

A) Fruit
B) Seed
C) Ovary
D) Stigma
E) Pollen grain

Question 34

Figure 28-1 ​

In the accompanying figure, which label designates the structures largely responsible for attracting potential pollinators?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 7
D) 8
E) 10

Question 35

Cycads were very important during the _____________, which began about 251 million years ago.

Question 36

A flower that has sepals, petals, and stamens, but lacks carpels, is known as:

A) complete and perfect.
B) complete and imperfect.
C) incomplete and perfect.
D) incomplete and imperfect.
E) almost complete and almost perfect.

Question 37

What type of leaf venation do eudicots possess?

A) Striated
B) Fibrous
C) Netted
D) Parallel
E) Reticulate

Question 38

Why are bees important to the reproductive success of flowering plants?

A) Bees carry pollen to other plants.
B) Bees provide honey for the plants.
C) Bees transport nutrients to the plant.
D) Bees insert pollen into a flower's ovule.
E) Bees' beating wings scatter pollen to the air.

Question 39

The female gametophyte generation in angiosperms is found in the:

A) antheridium.
B) prothallium.
C) ovule of the ovary.
D) stigma and style of the pistil.
E) megasporophyte of the cones.

Question 40

______________ has been an important medicinal plant for centuries and is still a common herbal remedy today.

Question 41

______________ include oaks, roses, mustards, cacti, blueberries, and sunflowers; these are either herbaceous or woody.

Question 42

Which statement about basal angiosperms is FALSE?

A) They consist of three clades.
B) Star anise is a representative.
C) Amborella trichopoda is a representative.
D) Water lilies are representatives.
E) They evolved after the core angiosperms.

Question 43

The oldest definitive trace of flowering plants in the fossil record consists of:

A) petals and sepals.
B) primitive embryo sacs.
C) pollen grains in an anther.
D) pistils on vegetative stems.
E) ovules enclosed in podlike fruits.

Question 44

Progymnosperms had two derived features, which were :

A) megaphylls and woody tissue.
B) microphylls and woody tissue.
C) megaphylls and herbaceous tissue.
D) microphylls and herbaceous tissue.
E) both megaphylls and microphylls and herbaceous tissue.

Question 45

Which of the following is an economically important basal angiosperm?

A) Rose
B) Corn
C) Gingko
D) Star anise
E) Water lily

Question 46

Cycads and Ginkgo are similar in that they produce nonmotile sperm.

Question 47

The pollen grains of pine each consists of three cells.

Question 48

Flowering plants have efficient sugar-conducting cells called _____________ in their phloem.

Question 49

Draw the life cycle of a pine.

Question 50

Most conifers are dioecious.

Question 51

Flowering plants appeared in the fossil record in the:

A) Tertiary period.
B) Cenozoic era.
C) Paleozoic era.
D) Late Cretaceous period.
E) Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous periods.

Question 52

Discuss how gymnosperms are different from bryophytes and ferns.

Question 53

Identify and briefly explain three adaptations of flowering plants that contributed to their evolutionary expansion and success.

Question 54

Integuments develop into the megasporangium.

Question 55

The first plants to produce seeds evolved during which time period?

A) Mesozoic era
B) Cenozoic era
C) Jurassic period
D) Devonian period
E) Cretaceous period

Question 56

Gnetophytes are different from other gymnosperms in that gnetophytes have vessel elements.

Question 57

Recent studies of gene function as it relates to reproductive development suggest that angiosperms evolved most directly from:

A) cycads.
B) ginkgos.
C) conifers.
D) lycopods.
E) gnetophytes.

Question 58

What type of root system is prevalent of eudicots?

A) Netted
B) Parallel
C) Fibrous
D) Taproot
E) Concentric

Question 59

The nutritive tissue in a mature pine seed is triploid.

Question 60

The wood of conifers consists mostly of tracheids.

Question 61

The lowermost and outermost whorl on a floral shoot consists of petals.

Question 62

In the process of double fertilization, one sperm fuses with the egg and the other sperm fuses with a spore.

Question 63

Seeds are superior reproductive structures, compared to spores. Describe the advantages of seeds. Briefly describe the connection between human civilization and seeds.

Question 66

Coniferous forests are important ecosystems, particularly in higher latitudes and altitudes. How are conifers of direct economic importance to humans?

Question 71

Give examples of plants in each of the gymnosperm phyla. Differentiate among them with respect to morphology and reproductive characteristics. Which is the most diverse? Least diverse?

Question 72

A fruit develops from the ovary wall.

Question 74

A gymnosperm that produces a long taproot and only two leaves belongs to the genus Gnetum .

Question 75

In angiosperms, the mature female gametophyte is the embryo sac.