Deck 26: Protists
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Deck 26: Protists
1
Ancestors of ____ may have possessed mitochondria, which were lost or reduced during evolutionary history.
A) Paramecium
B) Laminaria
C) Amoeba
D) Euglena
E) Giardia
A) Paramecium
B) Laminaria
C) Amoeba
D) Euglena
E) Giardia
E
2
Which is an anaerobic excavate that is an endosymbiont of animals?
A) diatom
B) euglenoid
C) parabasilid
D) actinopod
E) dinoflagellate
A) diatom
B) euglenoid
C) parabasilid
D) actinopod
E) dinoflagellate
C
3
Which protist group possess a crystalline rod in their flagella?
A) ciliates
B) diatoms
C) euglenoids
D) water molds
E) zooxanthellae
A) ciliates
B) diatoms
C) euglenoids
D) water molds
E) zooxanthellae
C
4
Among the protist groups below, which has organisms that typically move with two or more flagella?
A) actinopods
B) amoebozoa
C) diplomonads
D) foraminifera
E) apicomplexans
A) actinopods
B) amoebozoa
C) diplomonads
D) foraminifera
E) apicomplexans
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5
Some protists consist of a single cell with multiple nuclei. This condition is known as:
A) alternation of generations.
B) multicellular.
C) coenocytic.
D) mycelium.
E) colonial.
A) alternation of generations.
B) multicellular.
C) coenocytic.
D) mycelium.
E) colonial.
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6
Which protist group contains the organism Trypanosoma, a colorless parasite that can cause African sleeping sickness?
A) unikonts
B) excavates
C) rhizarians
D) archaeplastids
E) chromalveolates
A) unikonts
B) excavates
C) rhizarians
D) archaeplastids
E) chromalveolates
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7
In primary endosymbiosis, an ancient eukaryotic cell engulfed a(n) ____, which survived and evolved into a chloroplast.
A) algae
B) virus
C) ciliate
D) euglenoid
E) cyanobacterium
A) algae
B) virus
C) ciliate
D) euglenoid
E) cyanobacterium
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8
Most protists are ____, with each cell forming a complete organism capable of performing all the functions characteristic of life.
A) parasitic
B) colonial
C) unicellular
D) autotrophic
E) multicellular
A) parasitic
B) colonial
C) unicellular
D) autotrophic
E) multicellular
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9
Figure 26-1
Refer to the accompanying figure. What is the function of the structure labeled as 6?
A) digestion
B) food intake
C) water discharge
D) waste elimination
E) asexual reproduction

A) digestion
B) food intake
C) water discharge
D) waste elimination
E) asexual reproduction
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10
Members of the alveolates are characterized by the presence of:
A) two or more flagella
B) chloroplast pigments
C) crystalline rod in the flagella
D) contractile vacuoles surrounded by a pellicle.
E) flattened vesicles under the plasma membrane.
A) two or more flagella
B) chloroplast pigments
C) crystalline rod in the flagella
D) contractile vacuoles surrounded by a pellicle.
E) flattened vesicles under the plasma membrane.
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11
Which algal group contains individuals that are typically unicellular and form siliceous shells?
A) diatoms
B) red algae
C) brown algae
D) green algae
E) dinoflagellates
A) diatoms
B) red algae
C) brown algae
D) green algae
E) dinoflagellates
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12
Which protist group is characterized by having a micronucleus and a macronucleus?
A) ciliates
B) euglenoids
C) actinopods
D) diplomonads
E) amoebozoans
A) ciliates
B) euglenoids
C) actinopods
D) diplomonads
E) amoebozoans
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13
The fossilized form of ____ is used in commercially important products, such as filters, polishes, and insect killer.
A) dinoflagellates
B) apicomplexans
C) zooflagellates.
D) euglenoids
E) diatoms
A) dinoflagellates
B) apicomplexans
C) zooflagellates.
D) euglenoids
E) diatoms
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14
Which eukaryotic organelles likely arose from symbiotic relationships between larger cells and bacteria?
A) nuclei
B) endoplasmic reticulums
C) vacuoles and chloroplasts
D) mitochondria and chloroplasts
E) mitochondria and Golgi complexes
A) nuclei
B) endoplasmic reticulums
C) vacuoles and chloroplasts
D) mitochondria and chloroplasts
E) mitochondria and Golgi complexes
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15
Most protists are:
A) aquatic.
B) parasitic.
C) terrestrial.
D) coenocytic.
E) thermophiles.
A) aquatic.
B) parasitic.
C) terrestrial.
D) coenocytic.
E) thermophiles.
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16
Figure 26-1
Refer to the accompanying figure. What is the function of the structure labeled as 4?
A) digestion
B) food intake
C) water discharge
D) waste elimination
E) asexual reproduction

A) digestion
B) food intake
C) water discharge
D) waste elimination
E) asexual reproduction
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17
Given the diversity in protist ultrastructure and molecular data, biologists regard the protists as a(n) ____ group, meaning that some are descendants of a common eukaryote ancestor.
A) monophyletic
B) paraphyletic
C) polyphyletic
D) homoplastic
E) homologous
A) monophyletic
B) paraphyletic
C) polyphyletic
D) homoplastic
E) homologous
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18
Which protist clade (supergroup) is characterized by their greatly modified mitochondria?
A) excavates
B) unikonts
C) rhizarians
D) archaeplastids
E) chromalvolates
A) excavates
B) unikonts
C) rhizarians
D) archaeplastids
E) chromalvolates
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19
Brown algae lack true roots, but have similar structures called ____ that anchor them to the substrate.
A) stipes
B) fronds
C) thalli
D) blades
E) holdfasts
A) stipes
B) fronds
C) thalli
D) blades
E) holdfasts
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20
Which statement about euglenoids is FALSE?
A) They have a pellicle.
B) They are unicellular.
C) They are all photosynthetic.
D) Their cells contain mitochondria.
E) They have 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules in their flagella.
A) They have a pellicle.
B) They are unicellular.
C) They are all photosynthetic.
D) Their cells contain mitochondria.
E) They have 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules in their flagella.
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21
Which statement best describes the composition of cell walls found in water molds?
A) All individuals have only walls made of cellulose.
B) All individuals have only walls made of chitin.
C) All individuals have only peptidoglycan walls.
D) Some individuals have cell walls of chitin, and others have cell walls of cellulose.
E) Some individuals have cell walls of chitin, some have cell walls of cellulose, and some have cell walls of both chitin and cellulose.
A) All individuals have only walls made of cellulose.
B) All individuals have only walls made of chitin.
C) All individuals have only peptidoglycan walls.
D) Some individuals have cell walls of chitin, and others have cell walls of cellulose.
E) Some individuals have cell walls of chitin, some have cell walls of cellulose, and some have cell walls of both chitin and cellulose.
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22
Figure 26-2
Refer to the accompanying figure. What is the process occurring in the cells labeled as 6?
A) fusion
B) mitosis
C) fertilization
D) the first meiotic division
E) the second meiotic division

A) fusion
B) mitosis
C) fertilization
D) the first meiotic division
E) the second meiotic division
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23
Which statement about radiolarians is FALSE?
A) They are rhizarians.
B) They have axopods.
C) They are actinopods.
D) They lack silica shells.
E) They have algal endosymbionts.
A) They are rhizarians.
B) They have axopods.
C) They are actinopods.
D) They lack silica shells.
E) They have algal endosymbionts.
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24
Which type of protist is responsible for malaria in humans, parasitic to both humans and mosquitoes?
A) ciliates
B) actinopods
C) dinoflagellates
D) apicomplexans
E) foraminiferans
A) ciliates
B) actinopods
C) dinoflagellates
D) apicomplexans
E) foraminiferans
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25
What commercial product is derived from the processing of red algae?
A) milk
B) sushi
C) lipstick
D) ice cream
E) carrageenan
A) milk
B) sushi
C) lipstick
D) ice cream
E) carrageenan
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26
Which protist is responsible for late blight of potatoes, the cause of the Irish potato famine in the mid 19th century?
A) Phytophthora
B) Myxomycota
C) Macrocystis
D) Physarum
E) Giardia
A) Phytophthora
B) Myxomycota
C) Macrocystis
D) Physarum
E) Giardia
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27
Figure 26-3
Refer to the accompanying figure. Which protist group's life cycle is demonstrated in this figure?
A) red algae
B) green algae
C) brown algae
D) dinoflagellates
E) foraminiferans

A) red algae
B) green algae
C) brown algae
D) dinoflagellates
E) foraminiferans
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28
Members of which group are known to form blooms known as red tides?
A) green algae
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) brown algae
A) green algae
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) dinoflagellates
E) brown algae
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29
Which group of protists are unicellular, biflagellate stramenopiles that forms a significant portion of the nanoplankton?
A) ciliates
B) red algae
C) golden algae
D) foraminifera
E) brown algae
A) ciliates
B) red algae
C) golden algae
D) foraminifera
E) brown algae
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30
Figure 26-2
What is the outcome of the process illustrated in the accompanying figure.?
A) One male and one female cell
B) Four new but genetically distinct cells
C) Two new but genetically distinct cells
D) Two new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before
E) Four new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before

A) One male and one female cell
B) Four new but genetically distinct cells
C) Two new but genetically distinct cells
D) Two new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before
E) Four new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before
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31
Which protist group typically consists of amoeboid cells surrounded by a hard outer shell through which cytoplasmic projections extend?
A) rhizarians
B) unikonts
C) euglenoids
D) archaeplastids
E) opisthokonts
A) rhizarians
B) unikonts
C) euglenoids
D) archaeplastids
E) opisthokonts
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32
Figure 26-3
Refer to the accompanying figure. What is the structure at point 6 in this life cycle?
A) zygote
B) gamete
C) zoospore
D) endospore
E) pseudopod

A) zygote
B) gamete
C) zoospore
D) endospore
E) pseudopod
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33
The surface of a Paramecium is covered with thousands of short, hair-like ____.
A) plasmadesmata
B) pseudopods
C) trichomes
D) flagella
E) cilia
A) plasmadesmata
B) pseudopods
C) trichomes
D) flagella
E) cilia
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34
Which are the symbiotic dinoflagellates, which live in the bodies of marine invertebrates such as corals?
A) ciliates
B) sporozites
C) apicomplexans
D) zooxanthellae
E) stramenopiles
A) ciliates
B) sporozites
C) apicomplexans
D) zooxanthellae
E) stramenopiles
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35
Figure 26-2
Refer to the accompanying figure. What is the process occurring in the cells labeled as 3 in the sequence?
A) mitosis
B) conjugation
C) the first meiotic division
D) exchange of micronucleus
E) the second meiotic division

A) mitosis
B) conjugation
C) the first meiotic division
D) exchange of micronucleus
E) the second meiotic division
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36
Within ciliates, what do the micronuclei control?
A) growth
B) movement
C) reproduction
D) cell signaling
E) growth and metabolism
A) growth
B) movement
C) reproduction
D) cell signaling
E) growth and metabolism
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37
I am characterized by having a test and axopods. Who am I?
A) green algae
B) actinopods
C) opisthokonts
D) stramenopiles
E) foraminiferans
A) green algae
B) actinopods
C) opisthokonts
D) stramenopiles
E) foraminiferans
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38
Members of which protist group is one of the fossilized deposits in the unique geological formation of the White Cliffs of Dover?
A) diatoms
B) actinopods
C) diplomonads
D) foraminiferans
E) choanoflagellates
A) diatoms
B) actinopods
C) diplomonads
D) foraminiferans
E) choanoflagellates
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39
Figure 26-3
Refer to the accompanying figure. What is occurring at point 1 of this life cycle?
A) mitosis
B) meiosis
C) budding
D) gamete fusion
E) sexual reproduction

A) mitosis
B) meiosis
C) budding
D) gamete fusion
E) sexual reproduction
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40
Which protist groups consists of individuals who often have intracellular shells of interlocking plates?
A) diatoms
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) green algae
E) dinoflagellates
A) diatoms
B) red algae
C) euglenoids
D) green algae
E) dinoflagellates
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41
Red tides are caused by red algae .
_________________
_________________
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42
Name the structure that allows motility in the following groups: amoebozoa, excavates, and ciliates.
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43
The body of a water mold is called a(n) mycelium .
_____________________
_____________________
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44
Which protist group does not have flagellated cells?
A) water molds
B) brown algae
C) golden algae
D) euglenoids
E) red algae
A) water molds
B) brown algae
C) golden algae
D) euglenoids
E) red algae
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45
What is the translation of "pseudopodia," a characteristic of the amoebas?
A) slow feet
B) false pods
C) false feet
D) fake casings
E) similar moves
A) slow feet
B) false pods
C) false feet
D) fake casings
E) similar moves
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46
When brown algae divide asexually, each new cell retains half of the original cell.
__________________
__________________
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47
Parabasilids are excavates that lack functional mitochondria and lack a Golgi complex.
_______________
_______________
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48
Members of the ____ move via pseudopodia.
A) rhizaria
B) excavates
C) amoebozoa
D) archaeplastids
E) chromalveolates
A) rhizaria
B) excavates
C) amoebozoa
D) archaeplastids
E) chromalveolates
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49
An example of an excavate that has a pellicle is Euglena .
__________________
__________________
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50
Pseudopodia are used by Amoeba for ingesting food as well as for:
A) digestion.
B) excretion.
C) locomotion.
D) reproduction.
E) avoiding predation.
A) digestion.
B) excretion.
C) locomotion.
D) reproduction.
E) avoiding predation.
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51
The stramenopiles include water molds, diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.
____________________
____________________
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52
Which protist group are characterized by a multinucleate amoeboid-like feeding form?
A) plasmodial slime molds
B) cellular slime molds
C) water molds
D) amoebozoa
E) brown algae
A) plasmodial slime molds
B) cellular slime molds
C) water molds
D) amoebozoa
E) brown algae
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53
Name the two main clades of Rhizaria, and then list one way of distinguishing one of those clades from the other.
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54
Of the following, which group exhibits a diverse morphology, forming unicells, filaments, and sheets?
A) diatoms
B) euglenoids
C) green algae
D) brown algae
E) dinoflagellates
A) diatoms
B) euglenoids
C) green algae
D) brown algae
E) dinoflagellates
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55
You find a unicellular organism that forms lobe-like pseudopodia. When you expose the cells to cAMP, they aggregate into a slug like structure. Based on this information, you correctly conclude that this organism is known as:
A) Chlamydomonas .
B) Chaos carolinense .
C) Entamoeba histolytica .
D) Dictyostelium discoideum .
E) Physarum polycephalum .
A) Chlamydomonas .
B) Chaos carolinense .
C) Entamoeba histolytica .
D) Dictyostelium discoideum .
E) Physarum polycephalum .
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56
Coralline forms of which group of protists are ecologically important in the formation of coral reefs?
A) red algae
B) euglenoids
C) green algae
D) brown algae
E) dinoflagellates
A) red algae
B) euglenoids
C) green algae
D) brown algae
E) dinoflagellates
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57
Members of the ____ are thought to have given rise to plants.
A) red algae
B) diatoms
C) euglenoids
D) green algae
E) dinoflagellates
A) red algae
B) diatoms
C) euglenoids
D) green algae
E) dinoflagellates
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58
According to the serial endosymbiosis hypothesis, the ancestors of mitochondria are thought to be purple bacteria .
____________________
____________________
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59
Identify the modes of nutrition found in members of the protists, and include two examples of each.
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60
You find a protist that has a single flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. You correctly conclude that this organism is a(n):
A) plasmodial slime mold.
B) cellular slime mold.
C) choanoflagellate.
D) foraminiferan.
E) alveolate.
A) plasmodial slime mold.
B) cellular slime mold.
C) choanoflagellate.
D) foraminiferan.
E) alveolate.
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61
Match between columns
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62
Provide three diseases caused by protozoa. Include the causal organism, the group in which it is classified, and its means of transmission when possible.
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63
Foraminiferans are Rhizarians .
______________
______________
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64
Discuss the role of protists in both primary and secondary serial endosymbiosis.
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65
The archaeplastids include the red algae and the green algae.
________________
________________
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66
Explain why choanoflagellates are thought to be of particular evolutionary importance.
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67
Coccolithophorids are marine members of the brown algae .
________________
________________
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68
Amoebozoans move by means of flagella .
_______________
_______________
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69
Land plants are thought to have arisen most directly from a(n) red algal ancestor.
___________________
___________________
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