Deck 28: Seed Plants

Question 1

Which gymnosperm groups has the most efficient water-conducting cells?

A) Coniferophyta
B) Ginkgophyta
C) Cycadophyta
D) Gnetophyta
E) Pteridophyta

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which phylum has very few surviving species, and are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns?

A) Cycadophyta
B) Pteridophyta
C) Gnetophyta
D) Anthophyta
E) Coniferophyta

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Plants that have a distinct haploid stage and diploid stage exhibit:

A) parthenocarpy.
B) binary generations.
C) alternation of generations.
D) asexual and sexual generations.
E) mitotic and meiotic generations.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In the process of fertilization in conifers, the pollen tube grows to which structure?

A) archegonium
B) antheridium
C) microspores
D) pollen grains
E) microsporangia

Question 5

Most conifers have separate male and female reproductive parts on the same tree. This condition is referred to as:

A) deciduous.
B) dioecious.
C) monoecious.
D) homosporous.
E) heterosporous.

Question 6

Figure 28-2 In the accompanying figure, what process is occurring at point Process B?

A) mitosis
B) meiosis
C) pollination
D) fertilization
E) development of embryo sac

Question 7

What do the large female cones of a pine tree contain?

A) pollen
B) antheridia
C) microspores
D) megasporangia
E) microsporangia

Question 8

What is the function of the phloem in plants?

A) To transport sap
B) To transport nutrients
C) To transport dissolved sugars
D) To transport water and food
E) To transport water and minerals

Question 9

What do the xylem and phloem make up of in a plant?

A) root system
B) vascular tissue
C) reproductive structures
D) transpiration control centers
E) photosynthesis control centers

Question 10

Which is a basic difference between gymnosperms and flowering plants?

A) Gymnosperms produce "naked" ovules, while flowering plants produce "naked" seeds.
B) Gymnosperms produce only cones, while flowering plants produce both flowers and cones.
C) Gymnosperms produce seeds that are enclosed within a fruit, while flowering plants produce seeds borne naked.
D) Gymnosperms produce seeds borne naked, while flowering plants produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.
E) Gymnosperms produce flowers that have floral parts arranged in threes, or multiples of threes, while flowering plants have floral parts arranged in fours or in multiples of four.

Question 11

As a seed develops from an ovule, the ovule wall enlarges and develop into a:

A) fruit
B) seed coat
C) megaspore
D) microspore
E) pollen grain

Question 12

Extracts from the ginkgo tree are sold in over the counter (OTC) medicines purported to increase memory. Extracts from what other gymnosperm were once sold in OTC weight loss supplements?

A) Ephedra
B) Eucalyptus
C) Welwitschia
D) Archaeopteris
E) Sequoiadendron

Question 13

Cycads may be characterized as being:

A) dioecious and having motile sperm.
B) the most primitive flowering plants.
C) monoecious and having motile sperm.
D) dioecious and having non-motile sperm.
E) monoecious and having non-motile sperm.

Question 14

Which of the following phyla is unusual, as it is composed of a single species?

A) Gnetophtya
B) Anthophyta
C) Ginkgophyta
D) Coniferophyta
E) Cycadophyta

Question 15

The accompanying figures are representative of which of the following?

A) Anthophyta
B) Gnetophyta
C) Ginkophyta
D) Cycadophyta
E) Coniferophyta

Question 16

In most developing eudicot seeds, the primary source of nutritive material is in the:

A) fruit.
B) zygote.
C) embryo.
D) endosperm.
E) cotyledons.

Question 17

Which part of a flowering plant is the immature male gametophyte?

A) style
B) anther
C) sperm cell
D) pollen grain
E) microsporocytes

Question 18

How is the pollen of pine trees primarily disseminated?

A) birds
B) wind
C) water
D) insects
E) mammals

Question 19

Which statement about gymnosperms and angiosperms is FALSE?

A) Both groups produce seeds.
B) Both groups are heterosporous.
C) Both groups posses vascular tissues.
D) In both groups, the sporophyte generation is dominant.
E) Both groups have free-living gametophytes.

Question 20

Why are seeds reproductively superior to spores?

A) Seeds contain a multicellular young plant.
B) Seeds are used as a food source for humans.
C) Seeds are protected by a multicellular seed coat.
D) Only seeds can survive for an extended period of time.
E) Seeds contain a young plant and also are protected by a seed coat.

Question 21

Figure 28-2 In the accompanying figure, pollination is occurring at the point(s) labeled as:

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) C and D

Question 22

What type of leaf venation do eudicots possess?

A) striated
B) fibrous
C) netted
D) parallel
E) reticulate

Question 23

What is the function of the sepal of a flowering plant?

A) To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
B) To protect the flower bud
C) To attract pollinators
D) To absorb nutrients
E) To bear ovules

Question 24

Which is an example of a monocot?

A) cactus
B) onions
C) oak tree
D) pine tree
E) tomato plant

Question 25

The female gametophyte generation in angiosperms is found in the:

A) antheridium.
B) prothallium.
C) ovule of the ovary.
D) stigma and style of the pistil.
E) megasporophyte of the cones.

Question 26

A plant with parallel veins and floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as a:

A) eudicot.
B) monocot.
C) gnetophyte.
D) gymnosperm.
E) cotyledonous plant.

Question 27

The most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the:

A) ferns.
B) lycopods.
C) bryophytes.
D) angiosperms.
E) gymnosperms.

Question 28

In a flowering plant, the ____ is the site of meiosis and, ultimately, the production of pollen.

A) stigma
B) style
C) carpel
D) anther
E) filament

Question 29

Leaf ____ in autumn is an adaptation for flowering plants to survive harsh winters in temperate climates.

A) photosynthesis
B) desiccation
C) abscission
D) production
E) growth

Question 30

In flowering plants, the ____ generation is dominant.

A) haploid gametophyte
B) diploid gametophyte
C) haploid sporophyte
D) diploid sporophyte
E) triploid endosperm

Question 31

A flower that has sepals, petals, and stamens, but lacks carpels, is known as:

A) complete and perfect.
B) complete and imperfect.
C) incomplete and perfect.
D) incomplete and imperfect.
E) almost complete and almost perfect.

Question 32

Figure 28-1 What is the structure labeled as 9 in the accompanying figure?

A) style
B) pistil
C) ovary
D) anther
E) filament

Question 33

Figure 28-1 Which label designates a female reproductive structure in the accompanying figure?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 7
E) 8

Question 34

Angiosperms have ____ in their phloem.

A) stalk cells
B) sporophylls
C) phloem vessels
D) generative cells
E) sieve tube elements

Question 35

After fertilization in angiosperms, what does the ovule develop into?

A) fruit
B) seed
C) ovary
D) stigma
E) pollen grain

Question 36

Why are bees important to the reproductive success of flowering plants?

A) Bees carry pollen to other plants.
B) Bees provide honey for the plants.
C) Bees transport nutrients to the plant.
D) Bees insert pollen into a flower's ovule.
E) Bees beating wings scatters pollen to the air.

Question 37

The fertilization process of flowering plants involves ____ nuclear fusion(s).

A) one
B) two
C) single
D) multiple
E) incomplete

Question 38

Figure 28-1 In the accompanying figure, which label designates the structures largely responsible for attracting potential pollinators?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 7
D) 8
E) 10

Question 39

Figure 28-2 What is the structure in the accompanying figure labeled as 8?

A) seed
B) zygote
C) endospore
D) pollen grain
E) microsporocytes

Question 40

The endosperm of an angiosperm seed is typically:

A) haploid (1n).
B) diploid (2n).
C) triploid (3n).
D) quadraploid (4n).
E) pentaploid (5n).

Question 41

Flowering plants appeared in the fossil record in the:

A) Tertiary period.
B) Cenozoic era.
C) Paleozoic era.
D) Late Cretaceous period.
E) Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous periods.

Question 42

The wood of conifers consists mostly of tracheids .
____________________

Question 43

Most conifers are dioecious .
____________________

Question 44

Integuments develop into the megasporangium .
____________________

Question 45

If you identify a plant as Magnolia grandiflora , you therefore conclude that this plant is:

A) the nearest living relative of all angiosperms.
B) a core angiosperm.
C) a monocot.
D) a eudicot.
E) a dicot.

Question 46

What type of root system is prevalent of eudicots?

A) netted
B) parallel
C) fibrous
D) taproot
E) concentric

Question 47

The nutritive tissue in a mature pine seed is triploid .
____________________

Question 48

Cycads and Ginkgo are similar in that they produce nonmotile sperm.
____________________

Question 49

The pollen grains of pine each consists of three cells.
____________________

Question 50

Gnetophytes are different from other gymnosperms in that gnetophytes have vessel elements .
____________________

Question 51

Diagram the life cycle of a pine.

Question 52

Recent studies of gene function as it relates to reproductive development suggest that angiosperms evolved most directly from:

A) cycads.
B) ginkgos.
C) conifers.
D) lycopods.
E) gnetophytes.

Question 53

Progymnosperms had two derived features, which are:

A) megaphylls and woody tissue.
B) microphylls and woody tissue.
C) megaphylls and herbaceous tissue.
D) microphylls and herbaceous tissue.
E) both megaphylls and microphylls and herbaceous tissue.

Question 54

The earliest pollinators of flowers were probably ____ that visited flowers to chew on the petals and leaves.

A) mice
B) bees
C) earwigs
D) beetles
E) grasshoppers

Question 55

Which statement about basal angiosperms is FALSE?

A) They consist of three clades.
B) Star anise is a representative.
C) Amborella trichopoda is a representative.
D) Water lilies are representatives.
E) They evolved after the core angiosperms.

Question 56

The first plants to produce seeds evolved during which time period?

A) Mesozoic era
B) Cenozoic era
C) Jurassic period
D) Devonian period
E) Cretaceous period

Question 57

Compare and contrast monocots and eudicots.

Question 58

Identify and briefly explain three adaptations of flowering plants that contributed to their evolutionary expansion and success.

Question 59

The oldest definitive trace of flowering plants in the fossil record consists of:

A) petals and sepals.
B) primitive embryo sacs.
C) pollen grains in an anther.
D) pistils on vegetative stems.
E) ovules enclosed in podlike fruits.

Question 60

Which of the following is an economically important basal angiosperm?

A) rose
B) corn
C) Gingko
D) star anise
E) water lily

Question 62

In angiosperms, the mature female gametophyte is the embryo sac .
____________________

Question 63

In the process of double fertilization, one sperm fuses with the egg and the other sperm fuses with a spore.
____________________

Question 64

A fruit develops from the ovary wall .
____________________

Question 65

The lowermost and outermost whorl on a floral shoot consists of petals .
____________________

Question 66

Give examples of plants in each of the gymnosperm phyla. Differentiate among them with respect to morphology and reproductive characteristics. Which is the most diverse? Least diverse?

Question 67

Seeds are superior reproductive structures, compared to spores. Describe the advantages of seeds. Briefly describe the connection between human civilization and seeds.

Question 68

Coniferous forests are important ecosystems, particularly in higher latitudes and altitudes. How are conifers of direct economic importance to humans?

Question 69

A gymnosperm that produces a long taproot and only two leaves belongs to the genus Gnetum .
____________________