Deck 3: Shadows Over the Pacific East Asia Under Challenge

Question 1

The Taiping Rebellion was primarily

A) an uprising of China's urban majority.
B) an attempt by the Qing rulers to bring Tibet into the Chinese empire.
C) a peasant revolt by peasants and other discontented elements in China's south.
D) instigated by the British against the Manchus.
E) of little consequence, with little or no violence or loss of life.

Answer 1

a peasant revolt by peasants and other discontented elements in China's south.

Question 2

It appeared that China was at the height of its power at the end of the eighteenth century.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The fact that Japan was an island probably strengthened the Japanese sense of their ethnic and cultural uniqueness.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Meiji reformers adopted the American educational model of a three-tiered system culminating in universities and other specialized institutions.

Question 5

Under the Qing, China, overwhelmingly agricultural, failed to engage in any commercial or industrial activity in the direction of modern capitalism.

Question 6

The British ambassador who failed to peacefully open trade with China was

A) Lord Curzon.
B) the Duke of Wellington.
C) Sir John Churchill.
D) Benjamin Disraeli.
E) Lord Macartney.

Question 7

Britain's solution for the trade imbalance caused by the importation of tea from China was to ship to China

A) silver coinage from Japan.
B) cotton cloth from India and England.
C) rice from Burma.
D) opium from India.
E) sugar from the Caribbean.

Question 8

China failed to industrialize as soon as the West because for all of the following reasons except

A) it had no uniform system of weights and measures.
B) it lacked an efficient communication system.
C) the urban middle classes were not as free as in the West.
D) taxation policies favored agriculture rather than manufacturing.
E) China's population was too large to support an industrial economy.

Question 9

Chinese traditional values and customs were identified with

A) Chiang Kai-shek
B) Hong Xiuquan.
C) Confucius.
D) Henri Puyi.
E) Kang Youwei.

Question 10

The Treaty of Kanagawa ended the Japan's 1894 war with China over the control of Korea.

Question 11

The Meiji constitution of 1890 was based upon the British parliamentary model.

Question 12

China replaced the older civil service examination with a new educational system patterned after the western model.

Question 13

As a result of the Treaty of Nanjing, China ceded the island of Hong Kong to the British.

Question 14

The Opium War was fought between

A) India and Britain.
B) Japan and China.
C) Britain and China.
D) the United States and Japan.
E) Indonesia and China.

Question 15

The Opium War

A) led to the immediate fall of the Manchus.
B) is generally considered to be the beginning of modern Chinese history.
C) ceased all Opium sales in China.
D) spread from mainland China to the island of Japan.
E) was opposed by Secretary of State John Hay.

Question 16

The first president of the new Chinese republic, established after the 1911 revolution, was Sun Yat-sen.

Question 17

Which of the following is not an accurate statement regarding trade and manufacturing in China?

A) There was social prejudice against merchants and manufacturers.
B) China was entirely an agricultural society.
C) There were many official restrictions placed on trade and commerce.
D) State monopolies interfered with trade and manufacturing.
E) Trade and manufacturing expanded during the early modern era.

Question 18

The royal dynasty that ruled China at the height of its power was the

A) Chin.
B) Han.
C) Tang.
D) Qing.
E) Yuan.

Question 19

In the Treaty of Nanjing, the British gains included all except

A) five coastal Chinese ports in which to trade.
B) the right to be consulted in the selection of the Chinese emperors.
C) extraterritorial rights granted to British citizens.
D) the island of Hong Kong.
E) a financial indemnity.

Question 20

Japanese women remained unaffected by the Meiji economic developments, remaining cloistered at home and following the "three obediences" of child to father, wife to husband, and widow to son.

Question 21

Tibetans were able to revive their local autonomy because of competition between

A) China and Japan.
B) Russia and Great Britain.
C) Tibet and India.
D) Germany and Russia.
E) China and France.

Question 22

The events in China in 1911 could be best described as

A) a revolution similar to the French Revolution.
B) the collapse of China's old order.
C) a precursor of the Russia's Bolshevik revolution of 1917.
D) equivalent to the Meiji Restoration.
E) inspired by American success against the British.

Question 23

In the aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion, Cixi

A) refused to make any reforms.
B) immediately embraced a democratic revolution.
C) established a commission in 1905 to study constitutional changes.
D) was executed.
E) abdicated.

Question 24

Sun Yat-sen envisioned a reformed China must begin with

A) destruction of Manchu rule.
B) a peasant uprising.
C) non-violent civil disobedience.
D) a democratic plebiscite.
E) equal votes for women.

Question 25

"East for essence, West for practical use" refers to the

A) Japanese adoption of western democratic institutions.
B) Chinese emulation of western industrial technology.
C) the adoption of western individual rights policies by the Manchus.
D) the justification given by China in taking over Tibet.
E) the adoption of the western calendar by Asian nations including China and Japan.

Question 26

Hong Xiuquan believed himself to be

A) God the father.
B) the younger brother of Jesus.
C) the reincarnation of Confucius.
D) the legitimate son of the Qing emperor.
E) the "last emperor."

Question 27

The Treaty of Tianjin

A) criminalized the opium trade.
B) ended western involve ment in C hina.
C) ended Manchu rule and established the Republic of China.
D) resulted in many concessions by China, including the opening of additional ports and the cession of territory to westerners.
E) saw the establishment of the "Heavenly Kingdom of Supreme Peace."

Question 28

Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles were

A) communism, enlightenment, and free speech.
B) nationalism, imperialism, and capitalism.
C) enlightened despotism, socialism, and Daoism.
D) nationalism, democracy, and "people's livelihood."
E) "people's livelihood," natural rights, and Confucianism.

Question 29

The dismemberment of China was at least partially slowed by the

A) Treaty of Tianjin.
B) Open Door Policy.
C) Macartney mission.
D) Russo-Japanese War.
E) One Hundred Days reforms.

Question 30

The founder of the Revive China Society was

A) Sun Yat-sen.
B) Chiang Kai-shek.
C) Kang Youwei.
D) Yuan Shikai.
E) Mao Zedong.

Question 31

Which of the following is not a correct pairing of nation with territory in the dismemberment of China in the late nineteenth century:

A) Portugal and Shanghai
B) Germany and the Shandong peninsula
C) Russia and Port Arthur
D) Great Britain and Hong Kong
E) Japan and Taiwan

Question 32

The two western nations who attacked the Manchus in 1856, eventually capturing Beijing in 1860, were

A) Britain and France.
B) France and Germany.
C) the United States and Great Britain.
D) Germany a nd Britain.
E) Russia and France.

Question 33

The One Hundred Days of reform was terminated by

A) Sun Yat-Sen.
B) Kang Youwei.
C) the Guangxu emperor.
D) the Dowager Empress Cixi.
E) Hong Xiuquan.

Question 34

The nation that inspired the One Hundred Days of reform in China was

A) Great Britain.
B) the United States.
C) Germany.
D) India.
E) Japan.

Question 35

In 1894 China and Japan went to war over

A) Tibet.
B) Shandong.
C) the Liaodong peninsula.
D) Korea.
E) the Kuriles.

Question 36

China's "last emperor" was

A) Sun Yat-sen.
B) Cixi.
C) Puyi.
D) the Guangxu Emperor.
E) Qianlong.

Question 37

"Self-strengthening" in late nineteenth century China included all of the following except

A) the construction of railroads.
B) reforms in education.
C) building shipyards.
D) constructing arsenals.
E) adopting new weapons.

Question 38

All of the following is correct about the shogun in Japan except he

A) was the emperor.
B) ruled in the name of the emperor.
C) was a powerful military general.
D) was a member of the Tokugawa family for 250 years.
E) ruled from the city of Edo.

Question 39

The ambitions of what two nations saw Burma and Vietnam removed from their traditional vassal relations to China:

A) Portugal and the Dutch Republic.
B) Japan and the Dutch Republic.
C) Great Britain and France.
D) the United States and Britain.
E) Spain and Portugal.

Question 40

The Boxers were or did all of the following except they

A) performed physical exercises.
B) came mainly from rural areas.
C) were a secret society.
D) were opposed to western incursions and influences.
E) were pacifists.

Question 41

In Japan, kokutai

A) was based upon the idea of Japan's uniqueness, including its imperial system.
B) was the name of the lower house in the Japanese parliament.
C) were the untouchables at the bottom of society.
D) were the Sat-Cho rulers.
E) was an outmoded policy, repudiated by the Meiji emperor.

Question 42

The Japanese government could best be described as

A) despotic in form but democratic in practice.
B) democratic in form but despotic in practice.
C) a despotic federation.
D) an enlightened dictatorship.
E) a democratic republic.

Question 43

Japanese military reforms

A) retained the traditional samurai warrior class.
B) created an army based upon universal conscription.
C) relied primarily upon hired mercenaries.
D) abolished its army inasmuch as Japan was an island and a navy would suffice.
E) put the Tokugawas in charge.

Question 44

In 1908, Japan annexed

A) the Liaodong peninsula.
B) Vietnam.
C) Korea.
D) the Shandong peninsula.
E) Hokkaido.

Question 45

Industrialization in Japan was

A) entirely the product of private investors.
B) financed largely by foreign capital.
C) the result of considerable government assistance.
D) completed prior to the Meiji restoration.
E) not begun until after World War I.

Question 46

The United States recognized Japan's takeover of Korea in exchange for Japan's willingness to accept American authority in

A) the Hawaiian Islands.
B) Alaska.
C) California.
D) Mexico.
E) the Philippines.

Question 47

The city of Edo became

A) Osaka.
B) Hiroshima.
C) Satsuma.
D) Tokyo.
E) Kyoto.

Question 48

As a result of its military defeat, Russia was forced to give up

A) the Shandong peninsula.
B) Formosa.
C) Taiwan.
D) southern Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands.
E) Outer Mongolia.

Question 49

In the Treaty of Shimonoseki,

A) Japan gained Taiwan.
B) China retained Korea.
C) Russia got Port Arthur.
D) Japan obtained the Shandong peninsula.
E) the Untied States established the Open Door policy.

Question 50

China and Japan were similar before the nineteenth century in that both were

A) absolute monarchies.
B) generally "closed" countries.
C) island powers.
D) Daoist in religion.
E) feudal societies.

Question 51

The Manchurian port that was given to Japan as part of the Treaty of Shimonoseki was

A) Port Arthur.
B) Port Edo.
C) Port Liaodong.
D) Kurile Islands.
E) Port Manchu.

Question 52

The Japanese constitution of 1890 gave supreme authority to the

A) legislative Diet.
B) genro.
C) eta.
D) emperor.
E) shogun.

Question 53

The Treaty of Kanagawa was signed between

A) Japan and the United States.
B) China and the United States.
C) Japan and China.
D) Russia and Japan.
E) Russia and Korea.

Question 54

All of the following could be said to apply to the Meiji Restoration except

A) it was a "revolution from above."
B) it was one of the great success stories of modern times.
C) its achievements closely resemble those of Europe.
D) many Japanese traditions were abandoned.
E) it was a "conservative revolution."

Question 55

Japan was first forced open by

A) Lord Macartney.
B) Commodore Matthew C. Perry.
C) the Meiji Emperor.
D) the Tokugawa shoguns.
E) the Russo-Japanese War.

Question 56

In 1904, Japan launched a surprise attack against

A) Korea.
B) China.
C) Britain.
D) Singapore.
E) Russia.

Question 57

The Japanese decision to open relations with the West was especially opposed by the

A) Meiji emperor.
B) Tokugawa shogun.
C) daimyo of Satsuma and Choshu.
D) Qing rulers.
E) Buddhist priests.

Question 58

The paramount power in the new Meiji government was the

A) emperor.
B) shogun.
C) Americans.
D) genro.
E) eta.

Question 59

Japan's feudal lords were the

A) shoguns.
B) eta .
C) Meiji.
D) daimyo .
E) genro .

Question 60

The major issue that sparked suspicion between Japan and the United States was

A) industrial imports from Japan.
B) immigration from Asian countries.
C) the American annexation of Hawaii.
D) the Open Door policy.
E) American democracy v. Japanese dictatorship.

Question 61

Identify the following terms:
tea and opium

Question 62

Identify the following terms:
Germany and the Shandong peninsula

Question 63

Identify the following terms:
Central Kingdom

Question 64

Identify the following terms:
Port Arthur

Question 65

Identify the following terms:
Opium War

Question 66

Identify the following terms:
Forbidden City

Question 67

Identify the following terms:
"Heavenly Kingdom of Supreme Peace"

Question 68

Identify the following terms:
Civil Service Examination

Question 69

Identify the following terms:
Lord Macartney and the kowtow

Question 70

Identify the following terms:
Kang Youwei

Question 71

Identify the following terms:
Treaty of Nanjing

Question 72

Identify the following terms:
Kangxi and Qianlong

Question 73

Identify the following terms:
"self-strengthening"

Question 74

Identify the following terms:
Confucius and Confucianism

Question 75

Identify the following terms:
"East for essence, West for practical use"

Question 76

Identify the following terms:
Qing dynasty

Question 77

Identify the following terms:
"barren rock"/Hong Kong

Question 78

Identify the following terms:
Treaty of Tianjin

Question 79

Identify the following terms:
Taiping Rebellion and Hong Xiuquan

Question 80

Identify the following terms:
Spheres of Influence