Deck 8: Care of Patients With Cancer

Question 1

The patient on radiation therapy has developed diarrhea.The nurse suggests foods that would decrease diarrhea,such as:

A)broccoli.
B)cauliflower.
C)cheese and crackers.
D)apples and pears.

Answer 1

cheese and crackers.

Question 2

When caring for a patient with cancer who is receiving vincristine,a vesicant,the nurse is especially careful to avoid:

A)the patient getting chilled.
B)the drug extravasating.
C)an infusion time greater than 2 hours.
D)feeding the patient during the infusion.

Answer 2

the drug extravasating.

Question 3

The nurse outlines a diet that would be helpful in the prevention of cancer.This diet includes:

A)adequate nitrites.
B)no more than 40% fats.
C)vitamin B complex.
D)citrus fruits.

Answer 3

citrus fruits.

Question 4

The 40-year-old female who was diagnosed with a benign growth in her colon is concerned about the growth spreading.The nurse can allay her anxiety by explaining that benign neoplasms:

A)arrest their growth on their own.
B)never interfere with normal structures or functions.
C)are easily controlled with radiation.
D)are surrounded by fibrous tissue that prevents spread.

Question 5

In assessing a man who is to have a prostate-specific antigen (PSA)test done,the nurse identifies the situation that will delay the test,which is:

A)having eaten shellfish 48 hours previously.
B)identification of an enlarged prostate.
C)recent urinary tract infection.
D)temperature of 100° F.

Question 6

The nurse instructing fatigue management to the patient who is taking radiation will include information about:

A)prioritizing activities.
B)planning 4 to 5 hours of daytime bed rest.
C)decreasing fluid intake.
D)avoiding between-meal snacks.

Question 7

The 32-year-old mother who is undergoing radiation from a sealed-source modality and has been isolated in a private room for 3 days is preparing to be visited by her 8-year-old twins.The nurse should include what in the preparations?

A)Instruct the children to visit at the bedside one at a time.
B)Inform family that children cannot visit patients undergoing radiation.
C)Put chairs in the hall for "long-distance" visitation.
D)Allow visitation of only 3 minutes without any physical contact.

Question 8

The x-ray technician wears a badge that is monitored frequently to measure the amount of radiation he has absorbed.Such occupational exposure to radiation frequently results in a specific cancer,which is:

A)bladder cancer.
B)leukemia.
C)melanoma.
D)lung cancer.

Question 9

The nurse instructs a patient who is on a biologic response modifier (BMR)colony-stimulating drug that the effect of this type of drug is to:

A)increase appetite.
B)seek out and kill specific colonies of neoplasms.
C)enhance recovery of bone marrow.
D)reduce pain.

Question 10

Following a visit from his family,the 55-year-old male patient with terminal cancer tearfully says,"I am so afraid" and begins to cry.The nurse's most supportive response is to:

A)ask, "Would you like to have your pain medication now?"
B)sit down and say, "Let's talk about what you are afraid of."
C)offer to call the hospital chaplain.
D)darken the room and leave to give the patient privacy.

Question 11

The young college student who wants a tan before spring break asks the nurse what the safest method would be.The nurse's best response is:

A)take advantage of morning sun while using sunscreen with an SPF of 30.
B)use a spray-on tanning solution.
C)use a sun lamp for only 20 minutes a day.
D)use a tanning salon for no more than 10 minutes per visit.

Question 12

The family becomes distressed when the dying 85-year-old patient becomes delirious and laughs and talks with old friends who have long since died.The nurse's best intervention would be to:

A)medicate the patient with the prescribed sedative.
B)encourage a family member to talk to the patient calmly.
C)stimulate and reorient the patient.
D)suggest the family leave the patient for while.

Question 13

The nurse evaluated that the 50-year-old male recently diagnosed with early stage cancer of the prostate has begun to accept his diagnosis when he:

A)jokes, "Well, I guess this just about cancels any plans for a second honeymoon."
B)calls his lawyer to update his will.
C)requests current information on prostate cancer.
D)asks his wife to call their children home from college to visit.

Question 14

In planning care for the patient who is on a protocol of bleomycin,an antitumor antibiotic,the nurse will add to the care plan an intervention to:

A)assess hearing acuity.
B)measure urinary output.
C)weigh daily to assess fluid retention.
D)monitor cardiac arrhythmias.

Question 15

The nurse recognizes the staging T3,N2,M2 of the patient's cancer to mean that there is a:

A)small tumor with fewer than two lymph nodes involved.
B)large tumor that is localized.
C)small tumor with adjacent nodes involved.
D)large tumor with extensive lymph node involvement.

Question 16

In assessing several patients in the outpatient clinic,the nurse identifies the patient who is at the greatest risk for cancer as the:

A)23-year-old car repairman who repaints cars.
B)30-year-old overweight CPA in New York who has smoked for 10 years and rarely exercises.
C)45-year-old farmer from Texas who has worked on his family's cotton farm since the age of 12.
D)60-year-old ski instructor in Colorado.

Question 17

The nurse includes in the instructions to a 50-year-old male patient taking estrogens as treatment of prostate cancer that he may develop:

A)blurred vision.
B)gynecomastia.
C)enlarged gonads.
D)acne.

Question 18

The nurse recognizes a "promoter" that,although not a carcinogen itself,allows cancer to occur faster in the patient that:

A)is more than 25 pounds overweight.
B)works in a hospital lab.
C)abuses cocaine.
D)drinks heavily.

Question 19

The nurse reminds the 40-year-old female patient that the American Cancer Society (ACS)recommendations for early detection of cancer include that she should:

A)get a Pap smear every year.
B)get an annual fecal occult blood exam.
C)plan a sigmoidoscopy every 5 years.
D)have a mammogram done every year.

Question 20

The 26-year-old patient with a malignant neoplasm has experienced a 10-pound weight loss in 3 weeks.The nurse takes into consideration that the rapid weight loss is most likely related to:

A)disinterest in eating food in general.
B)a fitness and weight-training exercise program.
C)the malignancy's high nutritional demand.
D)a self-imposed rigid diet regimen.

Question 21

The wife of a terminally ill cancer patient who is receiving palliative care asks the hospice nurse how her husband's pain will be controlled as he nears death.The nurse's best response is:

A)"Most of the time we can manage the pain with oral morphine and transdermal pain medication."
B)"We will probably have to start an IV to administer morphine to control the intense pain he may be experiencing."
C)"Dying patients typically do not have any pain, so this will not be an issue."
D)"I will have to check with your husband's physician to see how he wants us to handle pain control."

Question 22

The nurse cautions that stress over a long period of time can contribute to the risk for cancer as prolonged stress suppresses the ____________.

Question 23

The student nurse demonstrates an understanding of cancer risk factors by identifying which patient as being at the highest risk for developing colorectal cancer?

A)50-year-old male who has been exposed to arsenic in the workplace
B)45-year-old female with a doctorate degree in psychology who smokes occasionally
C)38-year-old female who had her first child one year ago
D)29-year-old male who has had Crohn's disease since the age of 13

Question 24

The classifications of malignant neoplasms are: (Select all that apply.)

A)carcinomas.
B)lymphomas.
C)fibromas.
D)lipomas.
E)sarcomas.

Question 25

The nurse explains that metastasis from the original site to a new site is accomplished by malignant cells via: (Select all that apply.)

A)traveling through tissues.
B)"transplantation" via surgical instruments during surgery.
C)entering a body cavity and attaching to an organ.
D)traveling through the lymphatic system.
E)"relocation" from contaminated gloves during surgery.

Question 26

The nurse uses a visual aid to demonstrate the characteristics of a malignant neoplasm,which are: (Select all that apply.)

A)very small nuclei.
B)disorganization.
C)altered DNA.
D)invasion of nearby organs.
E)travel through body fluid.

Question 27

Which patient statement indicates understanding of patient teaching regarding cancer diagnostic exams?

A)"I will have less scarring if my surgeon uses an incision to biopsy my breast."
B)"My CEA level will be low if my pancreatic cancer returns."
C)"The doctor will monitor my ovarian cancer remission with the CA-125 test."
D)"My colonoscopy results were great, so I won't need another one for 5 years."

Question 28

The biologic response modifier drugs include: (Select all that apply.)

A)interleukins.
B)colony-stimulating factors.
C)monoclonal antibodies.
D)cyclosporines.
E)gene therapies.

Question 29

The nurse explains that viruses are responsible for some specific cancers,such as: (Select all that apply.)

A)liver cancer from hepatitis B virus.
B)Burkitt's lymphoma from Epstein-Barr virus.
C)cervical cancer from human papillomavirus.
D)lung cancer from measles virus.
E)Kaposi sarcoma from human immunodeficiency virus.