Deck 7: Weight Management

Question 1

Ghrelin is a hormone produced in the stomach that acts much like leptin. ​

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The question of whether a person should lose weight depends on:

A)the neighborhood they live in.
B)the monetary cost of weight loss.
C)whether the FDA approves weight loss drugs.
D)the individual's weight status.
E)the individual's basal metabolic rate.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The hormone _____ is produced by stomach cells and promotes positive energy balance by stimulating appetite and promoting efficient energy storage.

A)insulin
B)leptin
C)ghrelin
D)ephedra
E)lipase

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A lean person's fasting blood level of ghrelin is typically higher than in an obese person. ​

Question 5

Genetics influences the way the body consumes, stores, and spends energy. ​

Question 6

The number of fat cells increases most rapidly:

A)when you eat a large breakfast .
B)during late childhood and early puberty.
C)if you are inactive.
D)around the age of 40.
E)in the womb.

Question 7

Television and sedentary video and computer entertainment contribute to obesity because they have mostly replaced outdoor activity for many people. ​

Question 8

On a sensible weight-control program, meals and snacks should include whole-grain foods and fiber-rich vegetables.

Question 9

Genetics alone determines a person's susceptibility to obesity. ​

Question 10

Susie has been overweight for many years. She tends to eat when she is not really hungry and eats more food when she is angry or depressed. Which theory could explain Susie's problem of overweight? ​

A)lipoprotein lipase ​
B)set-point theory
C)learned behavior
D)genetics
E)aggravated satiety syndrome

Question 11

Which scenario illustrates the best example of the link between food behavior and emotions? ​

A)someone who eats fast food for lunch every day ​
B)someone who would rather sit home and eat than ask a friend to go to a movie and risk rejection
C)someone who always eats popcorn while watching a movie
D)a pregnant women who craves pickles
E)someone who eats funnel cake at the beach

Question 12

The theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal controls is referred to as the _____ theory. ​

A)environmental stimuli
B)genetics
C)learned behavior
D)set-point
E)check-point

Question 13

Herbal dietary supplements are automatically deemed safe because they are natural. ​

Question 14

The psychological desire to eat is referred to as:

A)satiety
B)appetite
C)hunger
D)obesity
E)hypothalamism

Question 15

Which factor is an environmental stimulus that contributes to obesity?

A)lipoprotein lipase enzyme levels ​
B)genetics
C)energy-poor fast food
D)increase in meal portion sizes
E)the year-round availability of fresh fruits and vegetables

Question 16

Due to harmful effects reported by consumers, the over-the-counter amphetamine-like substance _____ was banned by the FDA. ​

A)ephedrine ​
B)pyruvate
C)chitosan
D)yohimbe
E)Xenical

Question 17

Health-promoting built environments may result in a healthier and leaner population. ​

Question 18

Some research indicates that obese people have much more lipoprotein lipase activity in their fat cells than lean people do. ​

Question 19

Fast food contributes to obesity because it generally provides:

A)nutrient-dense foods .
B)smaller portions.
C)plenty of low-kcalorie choices.
D)large portions of energy-dense foods.
E)too much salt and not enough sugar.

Question 20

Most obese people have leptin deficiency. ​

Question 21

The secret to safe and permanent weight loss is a sensible approach involving:

A)physical activity and a healthy, low-kcalorie diet .
B)hormone treatments and diet pills.
C)a very-low-kcalorie diet combined with excessive exercise.
D)herbal supplements and a low-kcalorie diet.
E)herbal supplements and a high-kcalorie diet.

Question 22

Women following a weight-loss diet may need supplements of:

A)amino acids and/or essential fatty acids.
B)iron and/or calcium.
C)sodium and/or potassium.
D)vitamin C and/or calcium.
E)iron and/or herbs.

Question 23

The average U.S. diet delivers an estimated _____ kcalories a day from sweetened beverages. ​

A)50-75 ​
B)75-150
C)160-185
D)190-225
E)230-250 ​

Question 24

Sarah is trying to lose 10 pounds. Which recommendation would you make? ​

A)Reduce your kcalorie intake by 100-200 kcalories a day and engage in 15 minutes of exercise per day. ​
B)Ask your physician for a prescription for orlistat.
C)Replace two meals each day with a bowl of cereal.
D)Reduce your kcalorie intake by 300-500 kcalories a day and engage in at least 250 minutes of physical activity per week.
E)Drink smoothies at every meal and engage in at least 300 minutes of physical activity per week.

Question 25

A major complication of weight-loss surgery can include:

A)increased appetite.
B)increased thirst.
C)nutritional deficiencies.
D)an inability to process calcium.
E)the development of diabetes.

Question 26

Severe kcalorie restriction and rapid weight loss can result in:

A)excessive hair loss.
B)a higher basal metabolism.
C)slow regain of weight.
D)excessive loss of lean muscle tissue.
E)excessive loss of fat tissue.

Question 27

The prescription drug _____ is used to treat obesity by reducing the absorption of fat. ​

A)orlistat ​
B)topiramate
C)Olestra
D)Meridia
E)Qsymia

Question 28

The surgical approach to weight loss can often be justified in cases of:

A)BMI 25-30.
B)uncontrolled diabetes.
C)clinically severe obesity.
D)peptic ulcer disease.
E)Prader-Willi syndrome.

Question 29

Jill has asked to be placed on a weight-loss diet that will allow her to lose two pounds per week. You tell Jill that she must cut about _____  kcalories/day in order to achieve this goal.

A)500
B)700
C)1000
D)1500
E)2000

Question 30

Nutritional adequacy is difficult to achieve on fewer than _____ kcalories a day. ​

A)1000
B)1200
C)1500
D)1700
E)1800

Question 31

An appropriate food to consume before a meal to increase one's feeling of fullness is:

A)a cup of cream of chicken soup.
B)an unbuttered roll.
C)a cup of vegetable soup.
D)a breadstick dipped in olive oil.
E)a slice of cheese wrapped in sliced deli meat.

Question 32

Which statement could you credibly make for meaningful weight loss? ​

A)Laxatives promote weight loss. ​
B)Hot baths speed up metabolism.
C)Grapefruit juice melts body fat.
D)Unwise weight-loss techniques can be dangerous.
E)Certain creams rubbed on the skin can break up fat.

Question 33

As part of a sensible weight-loss plan, individuals should:

A)eat breakfast .
B)eliminate some meals.
C)always eat a few large meals instead of several small meals.
D)restrict water intake.
E)limit daily intake to less than 1200 kcal/day.

Question 34

The long-term safety and effectiveness of gastric surgery largely depends on:

A)compliance with dietary instructions .
B)avoidance of all fats .
C)following recommended food combining patterns.
D)regular monitoring of blood glucose levels.
E)a baseline physical activity schedule of at least 30 minutes per day.

Question 35

Weight-loss surgeries:

A)reduce the capacity of the stomach.
B)are dangerous and should be avoided.
C)have no complications .
D)worsen existing health conditions associated with obesity .
E)are only rarely successful.

Question 36

Donna would like to lose weight. How many kcalories should she consume daily in order to lose weight while also meeting her nutritional needs? ​

A)1200-1500 ​
B)1600-1800
C)1500-1800
D)1800-2000 ​
E)2000-2200

Question 37

The prescription weight loss drug _____ works on the brain's neurotransmitters to suppress appetite. ​

A)orlistat ​
B)phentermine
C)Olestra
D)Xenical
E)Belviq

Question 38

In order to lose one pound per week, you would need to reduce your food intake by about _____ kcalories per day. ​

A)​100
B)​250
C)​500
D)​1000
E)​1500

Question 39

Which food has the lowest energy density? ​

A)15 fresh grapes ​
B)½ cup rice
C)½ cup ice cream
D)16 baked chips
E)a baked potato with sour cream

Question 40

Compared to refined foods, high-fiber, unprocessed, or lightly processed foods aid in weight loss because they provide:

A)less absorption, resulting in fewer kcalories.
B)a faster transit time through the intestinal tract.
C)the same number of kcalories in a larger amount of food.
D)bulk and satiety for fewer kcalories.
E)extra nutrients in smaller portions.

Question 41

David has a difficult time gaining weight. What recommendation would you include?  ​

A)"Eat all you want and avoid physical activity." ​
B)"Limit low-kcalorie foods like fruits and vegetables."
C)"Ask your doctor for a prescription for orlistat."
D)"Consume energy-dense foods and engage in weight training."
E)"Drink tea in the morning, but switch to lemon water the rest of the day."

Question 42

Physical activity should be an _____ part of a weight-management program. ​

A)invitational ​
B)excessive
C)optional
D)integral
E)irrational

Question 43

A BMI greater than 40, or a BMI greater than 35 with one or more serious conditions such as hypertension, is referred to as:

A)clinically severe obesity .
B)moderately severe obesity.
C)mild obesity.
D)anorexia.
E)gastric bypass syndrome.

Question 44

Behavior therapists often teach _____ skills, or new ways of thinking, to help overweight people solve problems and correct false thinking that can undermine healthy eating behaviors. ​

A)chemo-absorptive ​
B)reverse psychology
C)body-awareness
D)cognitive
E)neurological

Question 45

For someone who is trying to gain weight, an easy way to add kcalories is to:

A)drink a lot of water .
B)increase consumption of caloric beverages.
C)use fat-free salad dressings freely.
D)add more salt to food.
E)cut out vegetables entirely.

Question 46

A key to preventing weight regain is to:

A)only check weight once a month .
B)avoid thinking thoughts that promote self-efficacy.
C)view weight maintenance as a lifestyle, not a goal.
D)skip breakfast every day.
E)check the scale every day and skip a meal if you gained a pound.

Question 47

Zachary is trying to gain weight. He complains that he has a hard time eating a lot of food at one meal. You advise him to:

A)eat energy-dense snacks between meals .
B)eat more slowly.
C)drink less water.
D)eat a salad before his meal.
E)eat from a smaller plate to trick his brain.

Question 48

Resistance training develops muscular strength, power, and:

A)stimulates fat loss.
B)lowers basal metabolic rate.
C)muscular   endurance.
D)helps one "spot reduce."
E)helps you eat higher fat foods without guilt.

Question 49

Which weight loss strategy may be an option for people who are unable to achieve adequate weight loss with diet and exercise?

A)fad diets ​
B)scare tactics
C)herbal remedies
D)weight loss drugs
E)negative self-talk

Question 50

What would you recommend to a person who is too busy to eat enough to maintain a healthy weight? ​

A)Eat one supersized meal per day.
B)Plan meals in advance and eat energy-dense appetizers.
C)Replace one meal each day with a high fat snack.
D)Replace one meal each day with a glass of fruit juice.
E)Add an extra session of resistance training to build muscle mass.

Question 51

The American College of Sports Medicine recommends _____ minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week for weight gain prevention. ​

A)60​
B)​90
C)​120
D)​150
E)​200

Question 52

The best form of physical activity for a person who is trying to lose weight is:

A)running 5 miles at least 3 times a week.
B)walking 2 miles in 30 minutes.
C)a daily workout at the gym.
D)something he or she enjoys and will do regularly.
E)cycling 10 miles every morning .

Question 53

Basal metabolism remains elevated for _____ after intense and prolonged activity. ​

A)30 minutes
B)1 hour
C)greater than 1 hour
D)72 hours ​
E)4 days

Question 54

James is trying to gain weight. Which strategy would you suggest to help James with his goal? ​

A)Choose milkshakes instead of milk. ​
B)Drink black coffee.
C)Skip beverages.
D)Skip dessert.
E)Don't eat after 6 PM.

Question 55

To maintain weight, consume foods and drinks to _____, not _____, kcalorie needs. ​

A)meet; target ​
B)meet; exceed
C)exceed; meet
D)exceed; account for
E)meet; maintain

Question 56

People who eat _____, frequent meals can be as successful at weight loss and maintenance as those who eat _____ meal(s)each day.

A)small; four
B)large; three
C)small; three
D)large; two
E)small; one

Question 57

A good way to begin a safe and effective weight-loss program is to:

A)keep a food and activity diary.
B)reduce energy intake to 800 kcalories per day.
C)start on a Monday.
D)recognize that the feelings of starvation are inevitable.
E)commit to drinking 2 gallons of water per day.

Question 58

Lucie is practicing good cognitive skills for weight loss when she tells herself:

A)"I shouldn't have eaten that ice cream yesterday... no wonder I'm fat."
B)"I was able to walk on the treadmill 15 minutes longer today than I could 2 weeks ago... my fitness level is improving."
C)"I really, really want to lose weight; I just can't seem to succeed no matter how hard I try."
D)"I need to remember to stop by the grocery store and pick up some more fresh vegetables for salads, and some light vinaigrette."
E)"I could only do 10 sit-ups at the gym today. I'll never lose my gut at this rate."

Question 59

One benefit of physical activity is that it:

A)allows you to eat fattier foods without gaining weight .
B)reminds you to eat less at every meal.
C)reduces abdominal obesity.
D)may help to increase enzyme levels in your blood.
E)lowers basal metabolism.

Question 60

One benefit of regular physical activity on weight loss is:

A)increased ghrelin levels .
B)increased lipoprotein lipase levels.
C)loss of glucose stores in your muscles.
D)a long-term increase in basal metabolism.
E)loss of lean body mass.

Question 61

Despite claims that each new fad diet is different and offers a new approach to weight loss, most fad diets simply:

A)cut kcalories .
B)eliminate animal foods.
C)encourage skipping meals.
D)are individualized.
E)rely too heavily on fruits.

Question 62

Why doesn't weight-loss advice apply equally to all overweight people?

A)Fad diets only work for overweight, but not obese, individuals .
B)O nly severely obese individuals should exercise.
C)P eople vary in their weight tendencies.
D)D iabetics should not restrict calorie intake.
E)Not all overweight people will benefit from weight loss .

Question 63

The Biggest Loser Diet stresses the importance of:

A)low-fat foods .
B)exercise.
C)scare tactics.
D)the buddy system.
E)drinking water.

Question 64

Warning signs of an unsound weight-loss program include:

A)a diet that provides at least 1200 kcalories.
B)recommendations to consume ordinary foods.
C)requirements to purchase their brand of foods/supplements.
D)encouragement to pursue physical activity.
E)encouragement to eat a variety of foods.

Question 66

Obese people observed closely are often seen to eat ____ than lean people, but they are sometimes so extraordinarily _____ that they still manage to accumulate energy surplus.

A)less; active ​
B)less; inactive
C)more; inactive
D)more; active
E)about the same; active

Question 71

Diet and health recommendations should be:

A)offered to the general public, who will later be surveyed to determine the efficacy of the program .
B)based on years of scientific research.
C)proposed first and proven later.
D)offered by celebrities who have lost weight successfully.
E)based on the elimination of a specific energy nutrient from the diet.

Question 73

Of the fad diets compared in the textbook, which one recommends the use of fat-burning herbs, supplements, and green teas, despite the lack of scientific evidence that these products promote weight loss? ​

A)The Zen Diet Revolution ​
B)The Fast Diet
C)Cinch!
D)Biggest Loser Diet
E)The 4-Hour Body

Question 74

The Dukan Diet _____ daily exercise and provides a(n)_____ structured plan .

A)encourages; individually
B)discourages; loosely
C)encourages; loosely
D)discourages; highly
E)encourages; highly

Question 75

Quite simply, the key to weight loss is:

A)combining foods correctly at meals .
B)not eating desserts.
C)eating less carbohydrate.
D)consuming fewer kcalories.
E)eating less fat .

Question 76

Which statement is representative of fad diets? ​

A)They are based on credible scientific research. ​
B)The FDA requires proof that they work and are safe.
C)They usually offer distorted bits of legitimate research, which makes them sound feasible.
D)Scientists have overlooked the obvious facts, while a lay-person has discovered the key to successful weight loss.
E)They work because they often rely on more "natural" ingredients than regular diets.

Question 79

Evidence that genes influence eating behavior and body composition comes from family, twin, and _____ studies. ​

A)adipose tissue
B)rat
C)infant
D)elderly
E)adoption

Question 80

What is the major drawback of most fad diets? ​

A)They promote false information about weight loss. ​
B)They do not create lifestyle changes to support long-term weight control.
C)They create false hopes among those who try them.
D)They usually require the purchase of dietary supplements.
E)They are usually endorsed by celebrities and so are very expensive.