Deck 24: An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

Question 1

What did the New Physics and concepts of psychoanalysis contribute to Modernism?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

Talk about:
Marie and Pierre Curie

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

What did women hope to achieve in the feminist movement? To what extent were women successful by 1914?

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

How do the philosophical trends of the late nineteenth century compare to the same era's artistic achievements?

Question 5

How did Modernism in literature and the arts represent a break with the styles of past? How did Modernism represent the attempt of writers and artists to seek new means of expression to comment upon and reflect their changing world?

Question 6

Talk about:
Max Planck and quanta

Question 7

Talk about:
Henri Bergson's "life force"

Question 8

Talk about:
Albert Einstein's relativity theory and E=mc²

Question 9

What were some of the underlying causes for the Great War that broke out in 1914?

Question 10

What were the causes and consequences of the Russian Revolution of 1905?

Question 11

Talk about:
revolutionary socialism

Question 12

What was the Dreyfus affair, and how did it symbolize European anti-Semitism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

Question 13

Talk about:
Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis

Question 14

Talk about:
Social Darwinism and Herbert Spencer

Question 15

In what ways is it accurate to identify Europe the period between 1894 and 1914 as possessing a worldview dominated by the ideas of Social Darwinism? In what ways is that assessment inaccurate?

Question 16

Talk about:
Friedrich Nietzsche's "slave morality"

Question 17

What were the causes of the "New Imperialism" of the late nineteenth century? What were some of the arguments to justify this imperialism? What were the results or consequences of this imperialism?

Question 18

What was the "white man's burden," and what does the concept reveal about European attitudes toward non-Europeans?

Question 19

By the early twentieth century, was the Ottoman Empire still a major force in Western civilization?

Question 20

Talk about:
the ego, the id, and the superego

Question 21

Talk about:
Wassily Kandinsky and abstract painting

Question 22

Talk about:
the "new woman"

Question 23

Talk about:
Leo XIII's De Rerum Novarum

Question 24

Talk about:
Pablo Picasso and Cubism

Question 25

Talk about:
suffragists

Question 26

Talk about:
Pius IX's Syllabus of Errors

Question 27

Talk about:
the Symbolists

Question 28

Talk about:
Paul Cezanne and Vincent van Gogh

Question 29

Talk about:
Modernism

Question 30

Talk about:
George Eastman

Question 31

Talk about:
Houston Stewart Chamberlain

Question 32

Talk about:
political democracy

Question 33

Talk about:
volkish thought

Question 34

Talk about:
anticlericalism

Question 35

Talk about:
Émile Zola, Leo Tolstoy, and Fyodor Dostoevsky

Question 36

Talk about:
Post-Impressionism

Question 37

Talk about:
Camille Pissarro and Claude Monet

Question 38

Talk about:
Ernst Renan's Life of Jesus

Question 39

Talk about:
Edvard Grieg, Claude Debussy, and Igor Stravinsky

Question 40

Talk about:
Impressionism

Question 41

Talk about:
"white man's burden"

Question 42

Talk about:
Boxer Rebellion

Question 43

Talk about:
Cecil Rhodes

Question 44

Talk about:
The 1905 Revolution and "Bloody Sunday"

Question 45

Talk about:
Fabian Socialists

Question 46

Talk about:
Russo-Japanese War

Question 47

Talk about:
economic imperialism

Question 48

Talk about:
Alfred Dreyfus and anti-Semitism

Question 49

Talk about:
"open door" policy

Question 50

Talk about:
Theodor Herzl and Zionism

Question 51

Talk about:
Indian National Congress

Question 52

Talk about:
Meiji Restoration

Question 53

Talk about:
New Imperialism

Question 54

Talk about:
Boer War

Question 55

Talk about:
Commodore Matthew Perry

Question 56

Talk about:
David Lloyd George

Question 57

Talk about:
Maria Montessori

Question 58

Talk about:
Bismarckian System

Question 59

Talk about:
trasformismo or transformism

Question 60

Talk about:
Suez Canal

Question 61

In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the process that drives unwanted thoughts into the unconscious is known as

A) self-gratification.
B) neural dysfunction.
C) animal drives.
D) repression.
E) erasure.

Question 62

Social Darwinism was

A) the application of the principle of organic evolution to the social order.
B) an effort to explain the problems of society by psychological means.
C) an explanation, sociologically, of Darwin's biological ideas.
D) advocated by Nietzsche.
E) condemned by Freud.

Question 63

In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the seat of reason is the

A) ego.
B) superego.
C) pleasure principle.
D) id.
E) dream.

Question 64

Talk about:
Congress of Berlin

Question 65

In 1905, who published "The Electro-Dynamics of Moving Bodies"?

A) Tesla.
B) Einstein.
C) Planck.
D) Curie.
E) Carver.

Question 66

In Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), Houston Stewart Chamberlain predicted that Germany was destined to

A) lead the world in high-tech manufacturing.
B) lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
C) be the European leader in music and the arts.
D) generate the next great world religion.
E) failure if they did not accept Jews as the originators of Western civilization.

Question 67

The best example of Naturalism in literature can be found in the novels of

A) Victor Hugo.
B) Charles Dickens.
C) Albert Camus.
D) Émile Zola.
E) Gustave Flaubert.

Question 68

Friedrich Nietzsche glorified

A) the power of God.
B) bourgeois society.
C) reason over emotion.
D) political democracy.
E) irrationality.

Question 69

In his Life of Jesus, Ernst Renan

A) employed the methods of higher criticism.
B) questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible.
C) challenged the divinity of Jesus.
D) postulated that the value of Jesus lay in his life and teaching.
E) all of the above.

Question 70

Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part due to the experimental work of

A) Einstein on cosmic rays and gravity.
B) Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation.
C) Planck on quanta.
D) Pasteur on microbes and infection.
E) Bergson on time and the "life force."

Question 71

According to relativity theory

A) space is absolute but time is relative to the observer.
B) time is absolute but space is relative to the observer.
C) neither time nor space is absolute but relative to the observer.
D) time and space are both absolute.
E) both time and space had an existence independent of human experience.

Question 72

Talk about:
Balkans' crises

Question 73

Marie Curie won two Nobel prizes for her achievements in

A) cellular biology and chemistry.
B) physics and cellular biology.
C) physics and chemistry.
D) geology and physics.
E) chemistry and astronomy.

Question 74

The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about the

A) structure of stars.
B) accepted medieval theories of chemical reaction.
C) subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world.
D) safe transmission of electrical energy for powering modern economies.
E) the electro-dynamics of moving bodies.

Question 75

The Symbolists were primarily associated with which of the following types of writing?

A) Novels.
B) Poetry.
C) Critical essays.
D) Letters.
E) All of the above.

Question 76

Pope Leo III responded to modern ideas in all of the following ways except

A) permitting the teaching of evolution as a hypothesis in Catholic schools.
B) criticizing capitalism for the poverty of the working classes.
C) recommending that Catholics form labor unions to assist workers.
D) embracing Marxist socialism.
E) identifying Christian principles in socialism.

Question 77

The author whose work emphasizes suffering and faith as the means for the human soul to be purified was

A) Émile Zola.
B) Leo Tolstoy.
C) Fyodor Dostoevsky.
D) Friedrich Nietzsche.
E) Herbert Spencer.

Question 78

Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that

A) no progress in human society was now possible and decadence had set in everywhere.
B) no rational justification could be given to "natural selection."
C) peaceful progress was inevitable.
D) evolution could never be reversed.
E) human societies were organisms evolving through time by struggling with their environments.

Question 79

Talk about:
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente

Question 80

The greatest difference between Naturalism and Realism in literature was

A) realism dealt more with themes like human suffering.
B) naturalism was more popular than realism.
C) in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism.
D) realism was simply a continuation of naturalism.
E) in general, realism was more pessimistic than naturalism.