Deck 3: Understanding Structure

Question 1

No matter how complicated it is, any set of steps can always be reduced to combinations of the two basic structures of sequence and loop.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Structured programming is sometimes called goto-less programming.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

As a general rule, an eof question should always come immediately after an input statement because the end-of-file condition will be detected at input.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The following pseudocode is an example of a ____ structure. if firstNumber is bigger than secondNumber then
   print firstNumber
Else
   print secondNumber
Endif

A) sequence
B) decision
C) loop
D) nested

Question 5

Programs that use _____ code logic are unstructured programs that do not follow the rules of structured logic.

A) case
B) loop
C) spaghetti
D) nested

Question 6

Because you may stack and nest structures while retaining the overall structure, it might be difficult to determine whether a flowchart as a whole is structured.

Question 7

You may hear programmers refer to looping as ____.

A) execution
B) selection
C) iteration
D) case

Question 8

Repetition and sequence are alternate names for a loop structure.

Question 9

Fill in the blank in the following pseudocode: if someCondition is true then
   do oneProcess
____
   do theOtherProcess
Endif

A) then
B) while
C) do
D) else

Question 10

The action or actions that occur within a loop are known as a(n) ____.

A) loop body
B) action body
C) loop internals
D) structure body

Question 11

if-else examples can also be called ____ because they contain the action taken when the tested condition is true and the action taken when it is false.

A) do loops
B) single-alternative selections
C) repetition
D) dual-alternative selections

Question 12

In a structured program, any structure can be nested within another structure.

Question 13

Pseudocode uses the end-structure statement ____ to clearly show where the structure ends.

A) end
B) endstructure
C) endloop
D) endif

Question 14

A structured program must contain a sequence, selection, and loop structure.

Question 15

The case structure is a variation of the sequence structure and the do loop is a variation of the while loop.

Question 16

The following pseudocode is an example of a ____ structure. get number
While number is positive
   add to sum
   get number
Endwhile

A) sequence
B) decision
C) loop
D) nested

Question 17

Structured programs use spaghetti code logic.

Question 18

In a selection structure, you perform an action or task, and then you perform the next action in order.

Question 19

The following pseudocode is an example of a ____ structure. get firstNumber
Get secondNumber
Add firstNumber and secondNumber
Print result

A) sequence
B) decision
C) loop
D) nested

Question 20

With a(n) ____, you perform an action or task, and then you perform the next action, in order.

A) ordered structure
B) sequence problem
C) sequence structure
D) loop sequence

Question 21

The following pseudocode is an example of ____.

A) nesting
B) stacking
C) single alternative structures
D) a posttest

Question 22

A group of statements that execute as a single unit are called a(n) ____________________.

Question 23

A(n) ____________________ can contain any number of tasks, but there is no option to branch off and skip any of the tasks.

Question 24

A loop must return to the ____ question at some later point in a structure.

A) start loop
B) loop-controlling
C) master loop
D) continue loop

Question 25

The following pseudocode is an example of ____. if conditionA is true then  
 

A) nesting
B) stacking
C) a posttest
D) a pretest

Question 26

A structured program includes only combinations of the three basic structures: ____.

A) sequence, iteration, and loop
B) iteration, selection, and loop
C) sequence, selection, and loop
D) identification, selection, and loop

Question 27

Attaching structures end to end is called ____ structures.

A) linking
B) stacking
C) nesting
D) building

Question 28

Placing a structure within another structure is called ____ structures.

A) nesting
B) stacking
C) shelling
D) selecting

Question 29

Structured programming is sometimes called ____________________-less programming.

Question 30

One way to straighten out an unstructured flowchart segment is to use the ____ method.

A) spaghetti code
B) spaghetti bowl
C) restructuring
D) priming

Question 31

Some people call the selection structure a(n) ____________________ statement.

Question 32

The priming read is an example of a(n) ____ task.

A) declaration
B) exit
C) housekeeping
D) selection

Question 33

The case structure is a variation of the ____ structure.

A) selection
B) while
C) sequence
D) do

Question 34

In older languages, you could leave a selection or loop before it was complete by using a ____ statement.

A) loop
B) go next
C) next
D) go to

Question 35

When you ____________________ structures, the statements that start and end a structure are always on the same level and always in pairs.

Question 36

A ____ read is an added statement that gets the first input value in a program.

A) nested
B) stacked
C) posttest
D) priming

Question 37

Structures can be stacked or connected to one another at their ____.

A) entry points only
B) exit points only
C) entry or exit points
D) entry or combination points

Question 38

The do loop is a variation of the ____ loop.

A) if-then-else
B) while
C) case
D) sequence

Question 39

The maximum number of entry points that any programming structure can have is ____.

A) zero
B) one
C) three
D) five

Question 40

Structured programs can be easily broken down into routines or ____ that can be assigned to any number of programmers.

A) segments
B) modules
C) units
D) sequences

Question 41

What are the three basic structures and how can they be used?

Question 43

Rewrite the following as a while loop:
do
pay bills
while more bills remain to be paid

Question 44

Why is it best to use only three programming structures?

Question 45

All logic problems can be solved using only these three structures: sequence, selection, and loop. The three structures, of course, can be combined in an infinite number of ways. What are two general ways structures can be combined?

Question 46

Why does spaghetti code have a shorter shelf life than structured code?

Question 47

What are the characteristics of a structured program?

Question 48

Explain the difference between the representation of a decision structure and a loop in a flowchart.

Question 49

Describe how you can straighten out an unstructured flowchart segment.

Question 50

Describe a loop structure.

Question 51

Define the term structure as it relates to programming.