Deck 37: Childbirth

Question 1

The amniotic sac contains primarily blood.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The first sign of the latent phase that appears in the first stage of labor is the bloody show and the rupture of the bag of waters.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A sudden increase in progesterone may lead to premature labor, as well as spontaneous abortion.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Postpartum hemorrhage, one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality after childbirth, is most likely to happen within two weeks of birth.

Question 5

Paramedics typically do not perform internal bimanual examinations in the field.

Question 6

The outermost layer of the uterus, the ____, is a serous membrane that envelops the uterus.

A) endometrium
B) perimetrium
C) cervix
D) muscular tube

Question 7

The most noticeable sign of impending labor is ____, the descent of the uterus deeper into the pelvis.

A) Braxton-Hicks contractions
B) lightening
C) quickening
D) nesting

Question 8

The normal time interval for the third stage of labor is up to 30 minutes.

Question 9

At full term, the placenta will weigh about one-sixth of the infant's weigh.

Question 10

Incomplete footling breeches have the highest incidence of prolapsed cords.

Question 11

About 10% to 20% of deliveries are breech.

Question 12

A decrease in the hormone estrogen leads to labor.

Question 13

Toward the end of pregnancy, there is an imbalance in estrogen and progesterone.

Question 14

The pain of labor is often described as a backache or menstrual-like cramps.

Question 15

Excessive amniotic fluid causes a condition called ____.

A) involution
B) polyhydramnios
C) meconium
D) dystocia

Question 16

The timing of a contraction starts at the beginning of one contraction and ends with the completion of the contraction.

Question 17

Nursing stimulates the release of oxytocin, which stimulates uterine contraction.

Question 18

An irresistible urge to bear down or push signals the second stage of labor and eventually birth.

Question 19

The middle layer of the uterus allows forceful contraction during labor while the uterus shrinks, a process called ____.

A) lightening
B) effacement
C) dilation
D) involution

Question 20

The innermost layer of the uterus, the ____, provides nutrients to the fetus via the placenta.

A) perimetrium
B) uterus fundas
C) endometrium
D) maternal pelvis

Question 21

____ delivery starts with the buttocks presenting first, with the newborn's hips flexed and the knees extended.

A) semi-breech
B) complete breech
C) incomplete breech
D) Frank breech

Question 22

Widening of the cervical os is known as ____________________.

Question 23

A fetal heart rate over ____ beats per minute (bpm) may indicate an infant in distress.

A) 90
B) 100
C) 110
D) 120

Question 24

The ____ stage of labor lasts from the birth of the baby to birth of the placenta.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 25

The infant's first bowel movement is known as ____.

A) meconium
B) hyperbilirubinemia
C) effacement
D) acrocyanosis

Question 26

Labor starts with thinning of the cervix, known as ____.

A) integration
B) dilation
C) effacement
D) extension

Question 27

First-time mothers may take up to ____ hours of pushing to give birth in what is considered a normal labor.

A) three
B) four
C) five
D) six

Question 28

Normal head first crowning occurs in ____ delivery.

A) vertex
B) Frank breech
C) breech
D) Mauriceau

Question 29

The fetus, placenta, and umbilical cord-are contained within a(n) ____________________.

Question 30

The hormone ____stimulates the growth of blood vessels (angiogenesis), particularly in the uterus and the milk glands, leading to breast enlargement.

Question 31

APGAR score elements are rated on a ____ scale at one minute following birth and at five minutes of life.

A) 0 to 2
B) 0 to 3
C) 0 to 4
D) 0 to 5

Question 32

The ____ stage of labor extends from complete dilation of the cervix to birth of the baby.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 33

In a(n) ____ delivery, both the hips and knees are flexed.

A) incomplete breech
B) complete breech
C) semi-breech
D) Frank breech

Question 34

The ____ provides the nutrition for the developing fetus.

Question 35

Figures most commonly used to define norms for the length of the designated stages of labor are controversial yet widely quoted and are based on the work of ____.

A) Freidman
B) Clark
C) Gardner
D) Walker

Question 36

The ____________________ is responsible for carrying oxygenated, glucose-laden blood to the fetus.

Question 37

During delivery, amniotic fluid and fetal debris can enter the central circulation via tears in the uterine walls or endocervical veins, known as ____.

A) acrocyanosis
B) uterine hemorrhage
C) amniotic fluid embolism
D) hyperbilirubinemia

Question 38

A good position for the mother to be in during labor is the ____ position.

A) supine
B) Sim's
C) semi-supine
D) prone

Question 39

If the uterus does not contract, known as uterine ____, then the mother is at risk for severe maternal hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock

A) embolism
B) distention
C) dystocia
D) atony

Question 40

The first cardinal movement of labor, the ____ (i.e., lightening), must occur before delivery.

A) internal rotation
B) descent of the fetus
C) extension
D) expulsion

Question 41

The ____________________ is the period from the birth of the baby to six weeks postpartum.

Question 42

Following delivery, the Paramedic typically places a(n) ____________________ in front of, but not inside, the patient's vagina to absorb blood.

Question 43

Holding the newborn by the hips, the Paramedic turns the newborn in a one-half circle, like a corkscrew, while applying downward pressure, known as ____________________.

Question 44

There is some evidence that 10 units of ____________________, administered intramuscularly after the birth of the baby, may decrease the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

Question 45

A widening of the vaginal opening during contractions, and the appearance of the top of the infant's head, called ____________________, implies imminent delivery.