Deck 11: Disorders of Cerebral Circulation

Question 1

When the seventh cranial nerve (the facial nerve) becomes inflamed, secondary to Lyme disease or herpes simplex, a nerve palsy will develop called Bell's palsy.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A primary feature of a brainstem stroke will be peripheral cranial nerve involvement on one side of the body and weakness on the opposite or contralateral side of the body.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Over 75% to 80% of strokes are due to an occlusion, leading to ____ strokes.

A) hemorrhagic
B) distal ischemic
C) embolic
D) vascular

Answer 3

distal ischemic

Question 4

Hypoglycemia can generate a gross clinical presentation of stroke.

Question 5

Following a myocardial infarction, a weakness in the ventricular wall, called ____, can occur.

A) diaschisis
B) hemaparesis
C) aphasia
D) an aneurysm

Question 6

____ is a feeling of things spinning around, which is often dismissed as a disorder of the inner ear.

A) Miosis
B) Ptosis
C) Vertigo
D) Aphasia

Question 7

Generally, a TIA lasts several hours.

Question 8

A(n)____ results when there is an interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in loss of function.

A) cardia embolism
B) seizure
C) thrombotic attack
D) stroke

Question 9

The patient ____ is capable of sensing and understanding what is going on around him but is incapable of movement.

A) having a watershed stroke
B) with Meniere's disease
C) with diplepia
D) with locked-in syndrome

Question 10

As bordering tissue starts to become affected during a stroke, increasing areas of hypoperfusion lead to a series of ring-like zones of damage in a process called ____.

A) thrombotic diaschisis
B) homonymous hemianopia
C) ischemic penumbra
D) hemorrhagic aphasia

Question 11

A(n) ____ clears the interior (endo) wall of the carotid of any plaque.

A) carotid endarterectomy
B) infusion of GIK
C) cardiac tube
D) laproscopic procedure

Question 12

The overall mortality for an ischemic stroke in the 30 days following the event is about 40% with a one year survival of 77%.

Question 13

Blood found inside the quivering atriums tends to clot and attach to the walls of the atriums (also called the mural), and those form ____.

A) plural thrombus
B) plural embolus
C) mural thrombi
D) mural emboli

Question 14

Mural thrombus occurs more often in inferior wall acute myocardial infarctions than in anterior wall acute myocardial infarctions.

Question 15

The brain is the third most metabolically active tissue in the body.

Question 16

No correlation exists between stroke location, by blood vessel, and stroke symptoms.

Question 17

Any aortic outflow obstruction (e.g., the narrowing of the artery due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) can lead to the development of ____.

A) an aneurysrn
B) thromboembolism
C) locked-in syndrome
D) a vertebral embolism

Question 18

____ paralysis, secondary to unwitnessed seizures, is another common condition that manifests with similar signs of a stroke.

A) Todd's
B) Merci's
C) Meniere's
D) Willis

Question 19

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is thought to be a congenital defect in the genes that leads to hypertrophy of the myocardium and compression of the ventricular chamber.

Question 20

Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States.

Question 21

When either an arteriovenous malformation or an intracerebral aneurysm ruptures, they can bleed into the subarachnoid space, creating a(n) ____________________.

Question 22

Slurred speech, a loss of balance, and a staggering gait similar to drunken staggers when walking is a condition called ____.

A) diplopia
B) agnosia
C) aphasia
D) ataxia

Question 23

Loss of the same half of a visual field in both eyes (e.g., both right sides of the two visual fields) is called ____.

A) vertical diplopia
B) visual agnosia
C) homonymous hemianopia
D) prosopagnosia

Question 24

A sudden loss of function not directly adjunct to the ischemic area, but rather in an area that is connected by neuronal pathways is called ____.

A) diaschisis
B) syncope
C) diplopia
D) nystagmus

Question 25

Hypertension, defined as systolic pressure greater than ____ mmHg and/or diastolic pressure greater than 100 mmHg.

A) 140
B) 150
C) 160
D) 170

Question 26

The patient's inability to carry out simple or learned purposeful movement is called ____.

A) aphasia
B) apraxia
C) agnosia
D) ataxia

Question 27

Approximately one-third of patients presenting with a TIA will have a stroke within ____ days.

A) 30
B) 60
C) 90
D) 120

Question 28

____ can be either an abnormal feeling, like "pins and needles," or a lack of feeling, like the extremity is "asleep."

A) Monoparests
B) Quadriparesis
C) Paresthesia
D) Hemiparesis

Question 29

____ is the inability to comprehend or to utter speech, not the inability to utter sounds.

A) Miosis
B) Aphasia
C) Ptosis
D) Diplopia

Question 30

New research into stroke care has produced the ____________________ system, a clot retrieval system with a 48% success rate for recanalization.

Question 31

____________________ syndrome is a group of disorders which affects both nerves, hence causing the neurological deficits as well as effects upon the blood vessels.

Question 32

The ____ includes a quick assessment of the patient's mental status, cranial nerves, and extremities as well as prompts for treatment and an abridged fibrinolytic checklist.

A) MEND Exam
B) LASS
C) NIHSS
D) AVPU

Question 33

If the blood clot causing a stroke developed somewhere in the body, other than the cerebral circulation, then the stroke is classified as a(n) ____________________ stroke.

Question 34

A(n) ____________________ patient is a patient with a Glasgow coma scale less than eight.

Question 35

The ____, known to the lay public as a "mini-stroke," is a temporary cessation of blood flow in the brain that leads to a temporary focal neurological deficit.

A) embolic stroke
B) transient ischemic attack
C) ischemic stroke
D) hemorrhagic strokes