Deck 13: Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment

Question 1

Efficiently managing your incoming e-mail is the most effective way to avoid computer/Internet addiction.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

To present someone else's work as your own is plagiarism, which is both a violation of patent law and an unethical act.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Use a light touch on the keyboard to prevent backache.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The eBay Web site states that it prohibits the sale of some controversial or sensitive items, in addition to illegal items.

Question 5

According to the American Institute of Stress, stress costs U.S. employers more than $300 billion each year in healthcare, missed work, and stress-reduction services provided to employees.

Question 6

Braille printers print embossed output in Braille format on paper.

Question 7

To date, the MPAA has not pursued civil litigation against movie pirates.

Question 8

A monitor should be placed directly in front of the user about an arm's length away, and the top of the screen should be no more than 12 inches above the user's eyes once the user's chair is adjusted.

Question 9

Ethics with respect to the use of computers are referred to as digital ethics.

Question 10

In reaction to scandals at Enron, Tyco International, and WorldCom, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Question 11

In some countries, bootleg copies of music CDs and movie DVDs are sold openly.

Question 12

In general, according to recent reports by the Pew Internet & American Life Project, individuals with a lower level of income or a lower level of education are more likely to go online.

Question 13

Currently, the most common form of Internet addiction is e-mailing.

Question 14

DRM software is used to control the use of a work.

Question 15

Employees who reveal wrongdoing within an organization to the public or to authorities are referred to as whistle-blowers.

Question 16

Extensive mouse use has also been associated with CVS.

Question 17

Research has shown that having an academic honor code does not effectively reduce cheating.

Question 18

Pirated copies of movies are often created today by videotaping them with a camcorder during a prerelease screening or on the opening day of a movie.

Question 19

Some human resources departments view college degrees from nonaccredited organizations as a form of digital manipulation.

Question 20

Registration is required for copyright protection, particularly when you need to prove ownership of a copyright, such as during a copyright-infringement lawsuit.

Question 21

Copyrights apply to both published and unpublished works and remain in effect until ____.

A) 10 years after the creation of the work
B) 70 years after the creation of the work
C) 10 years after the creator's death
D) 70 years after the creator's death

Question 22

People who refer to written documents frequently while working on their computers should use a  document holder  to keep their documents close to their monitors. _________________________

Question 23

Early signs of CTS include a feeling of emotional and physical exhaustion. _________________________

Question 24

A ____ is a subtle alteration of digital content that is not noticeable when the work is viewed or played but that identifies the copyright holder.

A) digital patent
B) digital trademark
C) digital watermark
D) digital copyright

Question 25

One antipiracy tool requires a unique  activation code before the software can be installed, before certain key features of a program are unlocked, or after a trial period has expired. _________________________

Question 26

A(n) ____ is a form of protection available to the creator of an original artistic, musical, or literary work, such as a book, movie, software program, song, or painting.

A) trademark
B) copyright
C) patent
D) intellectual ownership right

Question 27

A(n)  screen reader  is a software program that reads aloud all text information available via the computer screen. _________________________

Question 28

Although some publications allow the use of "photo illustrations," others have strict rules about digital manipulation - especially for news photojournalists. _________________________

Question 29

Transparent solar panels are in the research stage and are expected to eventually be built into the screens of smartphones, tablets, and other devices to charge those devices on a continual basis. _________________________

Question 30

The three main types of intellectual property rights are copyrights, trademarks, and ____.

A) warranties
B) patents
C) wills
D) cyber rights

Question 31

Computer glasses are optimized for viewing in the intermediate zone of vision where a computer monitor usually falls. _________________________

Question 32

____ is a specialized agency of the United Nations and attempts to resolve international commercial disputes about intellectual property between private parties.

A) WIPO
B) DRM
C) OLPC
D) USPTO

Question 33

Intellectual property rights  indicate who has the right to use, perform, or display a creative work and what can legally be done with that work.  _________________________

Question 34

Keyboard supports lower the keyboard, enabling the user to keep his or her forearms parallel to the floor more easily. _________________________

Question 35

A(n) copyright is a word, phrase, symbol, or design (or a combination of words, phrases, symbols, or designs) that identifies and distinguishes one product or service from another. _________________________

Question 36

The term e-computing refers to the use of computers in an environmentally friendly manner. _________________________

Question 37

Typohunting is registering a domain name that is similar to a trademark or domain name but that is slightly misspelled in hopes that individuals will accidentally arrive at the site when trying to type the URL of the legitimate site. _________________________

Question 38

For CTS , the most common symptoms are eyestrain or eye fatigue, dry eyes, burning eyes, light sensitivity, blurred vision, headaches, and pain in the shoulders, neck, or back. _________________________

Question 39

The legal concept of limited use permits limited duplication and use of a portion of copyrighted material for certain purposes, such as criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, and research. _________________________

Question 40

Corporate integrity, as it relates to accounting practices and proper disclosure, is topic of  personal character  that has come to the forefront recently. _________________________

Question 41

____ is the act of registering a domain name with the intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark belonging to someone else.

A) C yberinvasion
B) C yberintrusion
C) Digital invasion
D) Cybersquatting

Question 42

A ____ protects inventions by granting exclusive rights of an invention to its inventor for a period of 20 years.

A) trademark
B) watermark
C) patent
D) copyright

Question 43

In addition to being a copyright concern, ____ can be used to misquote individuals, repeat comments out of context, retouch photographs-even create false or misleading photographs.

A) digital counterfeiting
B) identity theft
C) plagiarism
D) digital manipulation

Question 44

To prevent individuals from making unauthorized copies of feature films purchased on DVDs or downloaded via the Internet, many of these items contain copy protection or some other form of ____.

A) DRM
B) AACSB
C) patents
D) RSI

Question 45

Ethical decisions need to be made whenever a business practice or product is legal or socially acceptable in one country but not in another. One example is ____.

A) copyright law
B) religion
C) vaporware
D) corporate missions

Question 46

One controversial patent granted to Google in 2013 is for "____" advertising-a business model for charging advertisers according to the number of views an ad receives via a "head mounted gaze tracking device".

A) pay-to-look
B) pay-for-play
C) pay-for-gaze
D) pay-to-view

Question 47

Heavy use of computers, combined with information overload and 24/7 accessibility via technology, can lead to ____-a state of fatigue or frustration brought about by overwork.

A) burnout
B) CTS
C) CVS
D) RSI

Question 48

Antiglare screens are sometimes called ____.

A) privacy filters
B) eye protectors
C) monitor filters
D) protection goggles

Question 49

One RSI related to the repetitive movements made when using a keyboard is ____.

A) ergonomics
B) carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
C) burnout
D) computer hand syndrome (CHS)

Question 50

In reaction to scandals, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which includes provisions to require ____ to vouch personally for the truth and fairness of their company's disclosures.

A) CEOs and CIOs
B) CEOs and CFOs
C) SOAs and DRMs
D) CCVs and DRMs

Question 51

While a keyboard, mouse, monitor, and printer can be connected to a portable computer directly, a ____ is designed to connect a portable computer to peripheral devices more easily.

A) notebook holder
B) laptop station
C) notebook stand
D) docking station

Question 52

A ____ is a policy, often for a school or business, that specifies allowable use of resources such as computers and other equipment.

A) code of security
B) code of conduct
C) privacy agreement
D) piracy agreement

Question 53

Repetitive stress injuries and other injuries related to the workplace environment are estimated to account for ____ of all serious workplace injuries.

A) one-tenth
B) one-half
C) one-third
D) 80%

Question 54

An emotional health concern related to computer use is ____.

A) CTS
B) CVS
C) an Internet addiction
D) a sore or stiff neck

Question 55

____ are essentially upside-down mice that can be more comfortable to use than a conventional mouse.

A) Document holders
B) Vertical mice
C) Trackballs
D) Mouse stands

Question 56

Ethical decisions often need to be made within gray areas. For example, should an ISP comply with a request from a government for the identity of an customer whose e-mail account matches a(n) ____?

A) IP address
B) broadcast flag
C) RAM
D) serial port

Question 57

Similar to spam, ____ can be annoying, waste people's time, bog down e-mail systems, and clog users' inboxes.

A) computer worms
B) Trojan horses
C) e-mail hoaxes
D) digital manipulation

Question 58

A teacher who shares a poem with his class and leads the class to believe the poem is his original work has engaged in ____.

A) bad manners
B) plagiarism
C) trademark theft
D) patent infringement

Question 59

Adding to the problem of unethical ____ is that, unlike film cameras, digital cameras don't have photo negatives that could be used to show what photographs actually looked like at the time they were taken.

A) cybersquatting
B) digital counterfeiting
C) identity theft
D) digital manipulation

Question 60

To prevent sore or stiff neck, ____.

A) use a footrest, if needed, to keep your feet flat on the floor
B) cover windows or adjust lighting to eliminate glare
C) rest and gently stretch your fingers and arms every 15 minutes or so
D) place the monitor directly in front of you

Question 61

In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced ____ as a voluntary labeling program designed to identify and promote energy-efficient products to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

A) ENERGY STAR
B) Eco-Label
C) VeriChip
D) the Green Power Initiative

Question 62

Screen reader software is an example of a(n)  ____ .

A) one-handed keyboard
B) head-pointing system with puff switch
C) voice input system
D) assistive output device

Question 63

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 16-1 Jack is a computer programmer who spends most of the day at his desk. Recently, he visited the doctor to get advice about his persistent eyestrain and aching back. To combat his eyestrain, Jack's doctor correctly advises him to ____.

A) use a footrest
B) use a lower screen resolution
C) turn down the volume when using headphones
D) use a light touch on the keyboard

Question 64

Expired toner cartridges and ink cartridges can sometimes be returned to the manufacturer or exchanged when ordering new cartridges; the cartridges are then ____ and resold.

A) reprogrammed
B) refurbished
C) recharged
D) recycled

Question 65

____ is increasingly being tied to crime and even death in some countries.

A) Internet addiction
B) CAD
C) CVS
D) OLPC

Question 66

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 16-1 Jack is a computer programmer who spends most of the day at his desk. Recently, he visited the doctor to get advice about his persistent eyestrain and aching back. To combat his backache, Jack's doctor correctly advises him to ____.

A) use a footrest
B) use a lower screen resolution
C) turn down the volume when using headphones
D) use a light touch on the keyboard

Question 67

The growth in assistive technology is due in part to demands by disabled individuals and disability organizations for equal access to computers and Web content, as well as the ____ (ADA).

A) American Data Act
B) Assistive Data Act
C) American Democracy Act
D) Americans with Disabilities Act

Question 68

The U.S. Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act of 1999 makes ____ cybersquatting illegal .

A) IP address
B) domain name
C) URL
D) Web site name

Question 69

____________________ are the legal rights to which the creators of intellectual property-original creative works-are entitled.

Question 70

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 16-2 Jill is starting a fast food delivery company. She has designed a logo and plans to print flyers to advertise her services. Jill has poor eyesight. When proofreading her book, she can use a ____ that will read aloud whatever she has typed.

A) screen reader
B) Braille keyboard
C) head mouse
D) switch

Question 71

A trademark used to identify a service is also called a(n) ____________________ .

Question 72

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 16-2 Jill is starting a fast food delivery company. She has designed a logo and plans to print flyers to advertise her services. jill plans to publish a book based on her experiences to inspire young entrepreneurs. To help protect her publishing rights, she should register a ____.

A) patent
B) trademark
C) copyright
D) digital watermark

Question 73

The term ____ refers to the gap between those who have access to information and communications technology and those who do not.

A) digital have not
B) digital divide
C) Internet divide
D) bit divide

Question 74

The goal of ____ is to ensure that every child in the world has access to a rugged, low-cost, low-power connected laptop in order to provide them with access to new channels of learning, sharing, and self-expression.

A) OX
B) Simputer
C) OLPC
D) InternetWorld

Question 75

____ is a policy where manufacturers are responsible for the entire life cycle of their products and packaging, including recycling.

A) Green Grid Alliance
B) Energy Star Alliance
C) Paperless Library
D) Extended producer responsibility

Question 76

The term ____________________ refers to standards of moral conduct.

Question 77

The 1976 ____________________ extends copyright protection to nonpublished works, so, immediately after creating a work in some type of material form, the creator automatically owns the copyright of that work.

Question 78

If the current holder of a(n)  ____________________  has a legitimate reason for using it and does not appear to be a cybersquatter, WIPO may allow the holder to continue to use it.

Question 79

Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions Case 16-2 Jill is starting a fast food delivery company. She has designed a logo and plans to print flyers to advertise her services. In order to prevent others from stealing her logo, Jill should obtain a ____.

A) patent
B) trademark
C) copyright
D) digital watermark

Question 80

With nearly 88% of its population online, ____ is the leading world region in Internet users.

A) Middle East
B) Europe
C) Africa
D) North America