Deck 25: Canada

Question 1

Around 1972, when all of the provinces had hospital and medical insurance plans in place, the provinces were the single payers of hospitals and of physicians, both of which ____.

A)enjoyed relative autonomy
B)were subject to federal control through the use of block grants
C)were subject to state ownership and control
D)were subject to federal control through the use of shared cost requirements

Answer 1

enjoyed relative autonomy

Question 2

With the publication of the Barer-Stoddart report in 1991, most provincial health care systems attempted to ____.

A)reduce physician supply with cuts in medical school enrollment and postgraduate training
B)reduce physician supply with incentives to pursue other fields of postgraduate training
C)increase physician supply to improve physician-patient ratios
D)increase physician supply to address the global competition for physicians

Answer 2

reduce physician supply with cuts in medical school enrollment and postgraduate training

Question 3

The author states that "When need is the allocative principle at work, the pressure to ration non-urgent care, particularly surgical interventions, becomes more intense." What does she trace this back to?

A)the change in federal government funding from reimbursement to global budgets
B)the tendency of medical students to opt for specialties over primary care
C)the lack of physicians willing to practice in less densely populated or more remote areas
D)the shift from not-for-profit to for-profit hospitals

Answer 3

the change in federal government funding from reimbursement to global budgets

Question 4

Who is constitutionally responsible for the health needs of Canada's aboriginal peoples?

A)the federal government
B)the provincial government
C)the Assembly of First Nations
D)the individual First Nations and Inuit communities

Question 5

To access public health care services, Canadian citizens and legal immigrants ____.

A)need to enroll in the provincial government health plan
B)are mandated to enroll in a government health plan or pay a penalty
C)are mandated to participate in a health insurance exchange or employer-sponsored health plan
D)need to first purchase a small policy for the non-covered supplementary services

Question 6

If a physician opts out of the public system, he or she ____.

A)may not accept public-pay patients and does not have hospital admitting privileges
B)may have a full private office practice but not admitting privileges to a hospital
C)may have admitting privileges to a hospital but not a private office practice
D)may see public-pay or private pay patients but only in an office setting

Question 7

What was the first step in the development of the Canadian health care system?

A)the Saskatchewan government's implementation of a universal hospital insurance program
B)the federal government's social policymaking response to the Great Depression
C)the federal government's cost-sharing program requiring all provinces to establish their own hospital insurance plans
D)the Saskatchewan government's implementation of a universal medical insurance program

Question 8

In 1984, the Canada Health Act was passed, a federal statute that attached fiscal transfers to a set of five "principles" for health plans : universality, comprehensiveness, portability, accessibility, and ____.

A)public administration
B)efficient administration
C)affordability
D)cultural sensitivity

Question 9

Unlike the U.S. reforms that would follow later, a crucial decision was made in Canada to begin with coverage of ____.

A)hospital care
B)primary care
C)the poor
D)workers

Question 10

Which statement is accurate regarding Canadian physicians in comparison to U.S. physicians?

A)Canadian physicians operate in a legal system that is much less forthcoming to civil injury awards.
B)Canadian physicians spend nearly four times as much money interacting with health plans and payers.
C)Canadian physicians do not need malpractice insurance if providing care in the public system.
D)Canadian physicians are rarely trained at publicly-funded universities.

Question 11

What percent of gross domestic product (GDP)does Canada spend on health care?

A)11%
B)7%
C)9%
D)17%

Question 12

Which statement best describes the impact of aging on health care costs?

A)The actual impact of aging on health care costs is hotly debated in the scientific literature.
B)The demographic pressures associated with aging are more evident in the U.S. than in Canada.
C)Aging, also known as the "silver tsunami," has dire implications for the health care system.
D)Politicians, economists, and the media tend to frame the issue as a win-win situation.

Question 13

The 2005 Supreme Court decision Chaoulli v. Quebec ruled that Quebec could not prohibit private insurance companies from offering nonurgent services in the face of ____.

A)long wait times for public services
B)rising health costs
C)lack of competition in the public system
D)disparities in health outcomes along socio-economic lines

Question 14

What does the author see as the potentially more important issue in health care spending?

A)cost containment in the medium to long term
B)responding to consumer demand
C)negotiated fees for physicians
D)reinvestment in the health care sector

Question 15

Which statement is accurate regarding provincial health plans?

A)Provincial health plans normally cover diagnostic testing, medical care, and hospital care.
B)Provincial health plans require modest co-payments and user fees.
C)Provincial health plans usually cover optometry, dentistry, and prescription medications.
D)Provincial health plans prohibit the involvement of private insurers.