Deck 13: The Promotion of Human Development and Human Rights

Question 1

About one-fifth of the world today lives in extreme poverty.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In democracies and developed countries, women are well represented in government and are regularly elected as heads of state.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Sanctuaries are safe places to live where human rights are safeguarded and persecuted peoples can live in peace.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

There is now general consensus that ethics and morality play an important part in international relations.

Question 5

Realist theory of international politics is most likely to focus on humans, human ideas, and human behavior.

Question 6

People generally agree that globalization will solve the problem of chronic poverty.

Question 7

Ethnocentrism has often been used as a rationale for committing genocide.

Question 8

Some scholars have sought to incorporate new ways to measure development beyond exclusively economic indicators, as access to basic physical and social needs may be a better indicator of development than average income.

Question 9

Children are typically in the group of individuals that is least likely to be victim of human rights abuses.

Question 10

UNICEF is an international organization that seeks to improve living conditions for children around the world.

Question 11

One entity that has taken on an important role in promoting and investigating issues concerning human rights is NGOs.

Question 12

Humanitarian intervention does not infringe on state sovereignty.

Question 13

The Human Development Index measures states' comparative ability to provide for their citizen's well-being.

Question 14

Most indigenous groups around the world use violence to achieve their objective of devolution.

Question 15

Because human rights have been enumerated in a variety of multilateral treaties, it is very easy to monitor and punish the violation of these rights.

Question 16

Human rights are the political rights and civil liberties recognized by the international community as something intrinsic to all individuals regardless of the country they live in.

Question 17

The poorest fifth of the global population produces and consumes only 2 percent of the world's goods and services.

Question 18

The "Third Way" refers to a strategy that combines the efficiency of a free market system with governmental economic planning and regulation in an effort to produce the greatest good for the greatest number.

Question 19

Human trafficking is second only to drug trafficking as one of the most lucrative global criminal activities.

Question 20

Life expectancy averages 67 years in the Global North.

Question 21

In the Global South,

A) most people live in urban areas.
B) infant mortality rates are the lowest in the world.
C) agriculture remains the dominant form of productive activity.
D) None of these are true.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT an example of an attempted genocide?

A) Israelis by Palestinians
B) Tutsi of Rwanda by the Hutu
C) Jews by Hitler
D) Armenians by the Turks

Question 23

There is a high correlation between human development and the protection of

A) border security.
B) citizens' civil liberties.
C) states' rights.
D) the Global South.

Question 24

The three groups for whom respect for human rights remains particularly problematic are

A) Kurds, Jews, and children.
B) Children, indigenous peoples, and women.
C) Indigenous peoples, Turks, and women.
D) Women, Jews, and Tutsi of Rwanda.

Question 25

One example of indigenous peoples who have successfully obtained local self-governance is

A) the Chechens in Russia.
B) the Albanians in Italy.
C) the Miskitos in Nicaragua.
D) the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia.

Question 26

Which statement below is not true?  Studies show when women are educated and can earn and control their income,

A) infant mortality declines.
B) child health and nutrition improve.
C) cycles of poverty are broken.
D) new roadblocks are placed in their way.

Question 27

The World Bank measures extreme poverty as having an income of

A) $1.25 or less per day.
B) $5 per day.
C) $20 per day.
D) $100 per day.

Question 28

In order to protect indigenous people and curtail the group's quest for independence, states often grant regional political power to indigenous groups.  This is know as _____.

A) ethnocentrism
B) self-determination
C) devolution
D) republicanism

Question 29

The Human Development Index (HDI) allows groups and individuals to

A) determine how democratized a country is.
B) determine to what extent humanitarian aspirations are succeeding.
C) measure the effects of border disputes.
D) protect the right to self-determination for indigenous people.

Question 30

__________ percent of the population of Peru is composed of indigenous peoples.

A) Forty-eight
B) Sixty-two
C) Seventy-five
D) Thirteen

Question 31

The political and civil liberties recognized by international law as inalienable and valid for individuals in all countries by virtue of their humanity are _________ .

A) legal status
B) jus cogens
C) human rights
D) social needs

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a part of the five categories of human rights?

A) Rights of the person
B) Political rights
C) Right of return
D) Economic and social rights

Question 33

Which of the following is true regarding gender inequality and women's rights?

A) Cultural traditions regarding women in Islamic countries are inherently evil.
B) The International Criminal Court did not confirm sexual enslavement as a war crime until 2001.
C) There has been little progress in legislation protecting women's rights over the past decade.
D) All of these are true.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT true of gender inequalities?

A) Women have less access to advanced study.
B) The gender gap in the Global South is greater than the gap in the Global North.
C) The gender gap in the Global North has been eliminated.
D) Women often receive less pay than men for the same work.

Question 35

According to the World Bank, the vast majority of children who do not live to five years old die because of

A) lack of access to nutrition and medical treatments.
B) intrastate violence.
C) child soldiering.
D) terrorism.

Question 36

The leading form of human trafficking in the world today is

A) child soldiering.
B) forced labor.
C) sexual exploitation.
D) mail order brides.

Question 37

Which political philosopher said that "man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains"?

A) Jean Jacques Rousseau
B) Thomas Hobbes
C) John Locke
D) Thomas Aquinas

Question 38

Which theory of international politics seeks to rectify the conventional images of world politics and to offer an alternative vision that empowers women?

A) Realist
B) Liberal
C) Constructivist
D) Feminist

Question 39

Which international declaration establishes a broad range of civil and political rights, including freedom of assembly, freedom of thought and expression, the right to participate in government, and social and economic rights?

A) International Covenant on Economic and Civil Rights
B) Universal Covenant of Civil, Social and Cultural Rights
C) The United Nations Charter
D) Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Question 40

Women account for _____ of legislative positions in the United States.

A) 10 percent
B) 18 percent
C) 22 percent
D) 47 percent

Question 41

Relativists reject the promotion and enforcement of human rights by the global community because

A) it comes at the expense of national interests.
B) it is seen as a form of moral imperialism.
C) it is an unwarranted intrusion into the affairs of others.
D) it infringes upon the principle of state sovereignty.

Question 42

Discuss the plight and persecution of indigenous peoples worldwide. What triggered the creation of the word genocide? What do devolution, racism, and sanctuary have to do with the persecution of indigenous peoples?

Question 43

Compare and contrast the traditional realist view of national security and the liberal view of human security. Are these two views always in contradiction to each other or could they be complementary? In your opinion, which view of security should be paramount?

Question 44

What are human rights?  Are there any human rights that are truly universal?  How might differences across cultures, religions, and ethnicities affect the perception of human rights?  What humans rights do you think should apply to all humans? Why?

Question 45

There are still dramatic differences between men and women in their roles, careers, and paychecks.  Some argue this stems from a societal bias against women.  Others say it is a product of women's choices.
(a) Describe the arguments for each of these explanations.
(b) Explain which you think is correct and why.
(c) Should legislation be passed that attempts to reconcile these differences?

Question 46

The use of peacekeeping troops by foreign states to protect endangered people from gross violations of their human rights is known as _____.

A) humanitarian intervention
B) armed conflict
C) negotiation
D) human rights abuse

Question 47

How a state treats its own citizens used to be its own business. Now, members of the international community are claiming that the humane treatment of individuals is fundamental to human rights.
(a) Are there such things as universal human rights?
(b) What should they include?
(c) Why do you think the United States hasn't ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights?

Question 48

The primary intergovernmental organization for evaluating and making recommendations regarding human rights abuses is the _____ .

A) United Nations
B) Human Rights Council (HRC)
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)

Question 49

Some critics of the idea that human rights are universal and should be protected by international law claim that

A) humans do not deserve basic protections.
B) it is an unwarranted intrusion in domestic affairs.
C) liberal and constructivist theory are better than realism in determining global policies.
D) the international community has never been able to agree on a legal framework.

Question 50

The basic human rights established in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) include which of the following?

A) The right to survival
B) To develop to the fullest
C) To protection from harmful influences, abuse, and exploitation
D) All of these are protections of the CRC.