Deck 2: Basic Mathematical and Measurement Concepts

Question 1

Reaction time in seconds is an example of a(n) _________ scale.

A) ratio
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) nominal

Answer 1

ratio

Question 2

Consider the following points on a scale: If the scale upon which A , B , C , and D are arranged is an interval scale, we can say _________.

A) B = 2 A
B) B - A = D - C
C) B = 2 A and B - A = D - C
D) None of these choices is correct.

Answer 2

B - A = D - C

Question 3

The number 83.476499 rounded to three decimal places is _________.

A) 83.477
B) 83.480
C) 83.476
D) 83.470

Answer 3

83.476

Question 4

Given the data X ₁ = 1, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 5, X ₄ = 8, X ₅ = 10, evaluate .

A) 47
B) 53
C) 48
D) 32

Question 5

We have collected the following data: X ₁ = 6, X ₂ = 2, X ₃ = 4, X ₄ = 1, X ₅ = 3 For these data, is equal to _________.

A) 16
B) 10
C) 7
D) 13

Question 6

Given the data X ₁ = 1, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 5, X ₄ = 8, X ₅ = 10, evaluate .

A) 17
B) 27
C) 28
D) 23

Question 7

When rounded to two decimal places, the number 3.175000 becomes _________.

A) 3.17
B) 3.20
C) 3.18
D) 3.10

Question 8

Given the data X ₁ = 1, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 5, X ₄ = 8, X ₅ = 10, evaluate .

A) 53
B) 47
C) 48
D) 32

Question 9

Consider the following points on a scale: If the scale upon which points A , B , C , and D are shown is an ordinal scale, we can meaningfully say _________.

A) B - A D - C
B) B C /2
C) B = 2 A
D) C>B

Question 10

Given the data X ₁ = 1, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 5, X ₄ = 8, X ₅ = 10, evaluate ( ΣX) ² .

A) 56
B) 784
C) 206
D) 28

Question 11

A discrete scale of measurement _________.

A) is the same as a continuous scale
B) provides exact measurements
C) necessarily uses whole numbers
D) b and c

Question 12

At the annual sailing regatta, prizes are awarded for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th place. These "places" comprise a(n) _________.

A) nominal scale
B) ordinal scale
C) interval scale
D) ratio scale

Question 13

Which of the following numbers is rounded incorrectly to two decimal places?

A) 10.47634 ≈ 10.48
B) 15.36485 ≈ 15.36
C) 21.47500 ≈ 21.47
D) 8.24501 ≈ 8.25
E) 6.66500 ≈ 6.66

Question 14

"Brand of soft drink" is measured on a(n) _________.

A) nominal scale
B) ordinal scale
C) interval scale
D) ratio scale

Question 15

After performing several clever calculations on your calculator, the display shows the answer 53.655001. What is the appropriate value rounded to two decimal places?

A) 53.65
B) 53.66
C) 53.64
D) 53.60

Question 16

Given the data X₁ = 1, X₂ = 4, X₃ = 5, X₄ = 8, X₅ = 10, evaluate ΣX ² .

A) 56
B) 784
C) 206
D) 28

Question 17

The number 9.44650 rounded to two decimal places is _________.

A) 99.45
B) 99.46
C) 99.44
D) 99.40

Question 18

Given the following subjects and scores, which symbol would be used to represent the score of 3?

A) X ₈
B) X ₄
C) X ₃
D) X ₂

Question 19

Given the data X ₁ = 1, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 5, X ₄ = 8, X ₅ = 10, evaluate Σ X.

A) 1
B) 18
C) 27
D) 28

Question 20

Consider the following points on a scale: If the scale upon which A , B , C , and D are arranged is a nominal scale, we can say _________.

A) B = 2 A
B) B - A = D - C
C) both a and b
D) neither a nor b

Question 21

A continuous scale of measurement is different than a discrete scale in that a continuous scale _________.

A) is an interval scale, not a ratio scale
B) never provides exact measurements
C) can take an infinite number of intermediate possible values
D) never uses decimal numbers
E) never provides exact measurements and can take an infinite number of intermediate possible values

Question 22

Number of bar presses is an example of a(n) _______ variable.

A) discrete
B) continuous
C) nominal
D) ordinal

Question 23

Which of the following variables has been labeled with an incorrect measuring scale?

A) the number of students in a psychology class - ratio
B) ranking in a beauty contest - ordinal
C) finishing order in a poetry contest - ordinal
D) self-rating of anxiety level by students in a statistics class - ratio

Question 24

Given the following set of numbers, X ₁ = 2, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 6, X ₄ = 10 , what is the value of ( Σ X )/ N ?

A) 5
B) 4
C) 6
D) 5.5

Question 25

Given the following set of numbers, X ₁ = 2, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 6, X ₄ = 10 , what is the value for ΣX ?

A) 12
B) 156
C) 480
D) 22

Question 26

In a 10-mile cross-country race, all runners are randomly assigned an identification number. These numbers represent a(n) _________.

A) nominal scale
B) ratio scale
C) interval scale
D) ordinal scale

Question 27

Using an ordinal scale to assess leadership, which of the following statements is appropriate?

A) A has twice as much leadership ability as B
B) X has no leadership ability
C) Y has the most leadership ability
D) all of these

Question 28

In the race mentioned in question 26, a comparison of each runner's finishing time would represent a(n) _________.

A) nominal scale
B) ratio scale
C) interval scale
D) ordinal scale

Question 29

A nutritionist uses a scale that measures weight to the nearest 0.01 grams. A slice of cheese weighs 0.35 grams on the scale. The variable being measured is a _________.

A) discrete variable
B) constant
C) continuous variable
D) random variable

Question 30

The number of legs on a centipede is an example of a(an) _______ scale.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) ratio
D) continuous

Question 31

What are the real limits of the observation of 6.1 seconds (measured to the nearest second)?

A) 6.05-6.15
B) 5.5-6.5
C) 6.0-6.2
D) 6.00-6.20

Question 32

A nutritionist uses a scale that measures weight to the nearest 0.01 grams. A slice of cheese weighs 0.35 grams on the scale. The true weight of the cheese _________.

A) is 0.35 grams
B) may be anywhere in the range 0.345-0.355 grams
C) may be anywhere in the range 0.34-0.35 grams
D) may be anywhere in the range 0.34-0.36 grams

Question 33

Given the following set of numbers, X ₁ = 2, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 6, X ₄ = 10 , what is the value of ( ΣX ) ² ?

A) 480
B) 484
C) 156
D) 44

Question 34

The sum of a distribution of 40 scores is 150. If we add a constant of 5 to each score, the resulting sum will be _________.

A) 158
B) 350
C) 150
D) 195

Question 35

Given the following set of numbers, X ₁ = 2, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 6, X ₄ = 10 , what is the value of N ?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 36

Classifying subjects on the basis of sex is an example of using what kind of scale?

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio
E) bathroom

Question 37

Sex of children is an example of a(n) _________ scale.

A) ratio
B) nominal
C) ordinal
D) interval

Question 38

Given the following set of numbers, X ₁ = 2, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 6, X ₄ = 10 , what is the value of X ₄₂ ?

A) 4
B) 6
C) 100
D) 10

Question 39

What is 17.295 rounded to one decimal place?

A) 17.1
B) 17.0
C) 17.2
D) 17.3

Question 40

iven the following set of numbers, X ₁ = 2, X ₂ = 4, X ₃ = 6, X ₄ = 10 , what is the value of Σ X ² ?

A) 156
B) 22
C) 480
D) 37

Question 41

What is (4 - 2)(3 × 4)/(6/3)?

A) 24
B) 1.3
C) 12
D) 6

Question 42

1/2 + 1/4 equals _______.

A) 1/6
B) 1/8
C) 2/8
D) 3/4

Question 43

1/ X + 2/ X equals _______.

A) 2/ X
B) 3/2 X
C) 3/ X
D) 2/ X 2

Question 44

X = Y / Z can be expressed as _______.

A) Y = ( Z )( X )
B) X = Z / Y
C) Y = X / Z
D) Z = X + Y

Question 45

An individual is measuring various objects. If the measurements made are to determine into which of six categories each object belongs, the measuring scale used must have been a(an)_______ scale.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 46

Where 3 X = 9, what is the value of X ?

A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 12

Question 47

What is the value of 0.05 rounded to one decimal place?

A) 0.0
B) 0.1
C) 0.2
D) 0.5

Question 48

If an investigator determines that Carlo's score is five times as large as the score of Juan, the measuring scale used must have been a(an)_______ scale.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 49

X ⁶ / X ² equals _______.

A) X ⁸
B) X ⁴
C) X ²
D) X ³

Question 50

If IQ was measured on a ratio scale, and John had an IQ of 40 and Fred an IQ of 80, it would be correct to say that Fred was twice as intelligent as John.

Question 51

When doing summation, the number above the summation sign indicates the term ending the summation and the number below indicates the beginning term.

Question 52

For X + Y = Z , X equals _______.

A) Y + Z
B) Z - Y
C) Z / Y
D) Y / Z

Question 53

With nominal scales there is a numerical relationship between the units of the scale.

Question 54

A therapist measures the difference between two clients. If the therapist can say that Rebecca's score is higher than Sarah's, but can't specify how much higher, the measuring scale used must have been a(an)_______ scale.

A) nominal
B) ordinal
C) interval
D) ratio

Question 55

equals _______.

A) ±3
B) ±81
C) ±9
D) ±27

Question 56

6 + 4 * 3 - 1 simplified is _______.

A) 29
B) 48
C) 71
D) 17

Question 57

2 4 equals _______.

A) 4
B) 32
C) 8
D) 16

Question 58

X ( Z + Y ) equals _______.

A) XZ + Y
B) ZX + YX
C) ( X )( Y )( Z )
D) ( Z + Y )/ X

Question 59

S X ² and ( S X) ² generally yield the same answer.

Question 60

The symbol " S " means:

A) add the scores
B) summarize the data
C) square the value
D) multiply the scores

Question 61

In a race, Sam came in first and Fred second. Determining the difference in time to complete the race between Sam and Fred involves an ordinal scale

Question 62

Determining the number of students in each section of introductory psychology involves the use of a ratio scale.

Question 63

The number of students in a class is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 64

Measurement is always approximate with a continuous variable.

Question 65

In rounding, if the remainder beyond the last digit is greater than 1/2, add one to the last digit. If the remainder is less than 1/2, leave the last digit as it is.

Question 66

Nominal scales can be used either qualitatively or quantitatively.

Question 67

A discrete variable requires nominal or interval scaling.

Question 68

It is legitimate to do ratios with interval scaling.

Question 69

Classifying students into whether they are good, fair, or poor speakers is an example of ordinal scaling.

Question 70

When rounding, if the decimal remainder is equal to and the last digit of the answer is even, add 1 to the last digit of the answer.

Question 71

It is standard practice to carry all intermediate calculations to four more decimal places than will be reported in the final answer.

Question 72

An ordinal scale possesses the attributes of magnitude and equal interval.

Question 73

With the exception of division, one can perform all mathematical operations on a ratio scale.

Question 74

The real limits of a discrete variable are those values that are above and below the recorded value by one half of the smallest measuring unit of the scale.

Question 75

A fundamental property of a nominal scale is equivalence.

Question 76

All scales possess magnitude, equal intervals between adjacent units, and an absolute zero point.

Question 77

An interval scale is like a ratio scale, except that the interval scale doesn't possess an absolute zero point.

Question 78

Most scales used for measuring psychological variables are either ratio or interval.

Question 79

If the remainder of a number = , we always round the last digit up.

Question 80

With an ordinal scale one cannot be certain that the magnitude of the distance between any two adjacent points is the same.