Deck 13: Wheel Alignment Principles

Question 1

Tech A says that the front wheels should be aligned before the rear wheels. Tech B says that front wheel toe should be adjusted after front wheel camber and caster. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Tech A says that incorrect toe settings will cause feathered wear across the tire tread. Tech B says that underinflated tires have more wear in the center of the tread. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Tech A says that thrust angle refers to the direction the front wheels are pointing. Tech B says that scrub radius refers to the vertical centerline of the tire in relation to an imaginary line through the steering knuckle pivots. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Tech A says you can adjust camber with shims. Tech B says you can adjust caster with shims. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both Techs A and B
D) Neither Tech A nor B

Question 5

Tech A says you can adjust caster on some strut rods. Tech B says you can adjust caster on some four-wheel-drive vehicles with adjusting sleeve. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both Techs A and B
D) Neither Tech A nor B

Question 6

When doing an alignment, the adjustments need to be made in which specific order?

A) Front toe, rear toe, front camber, rear camber, front caster, rear caster
B) Rear caster, rear camber, rear toe, front caster, front camber, front toe
C) Rear camber, rear toe, front caster, front toe, front camber, rear caster
D) Front caster, rear caster, front toe, rear toe, rear camber, front camber

Question 7

Camber is the:

A) axes between the upper and lower pivots on the control arm.
B) side-to-side vertical tilt of the wheel.
C) axis around which the wheel assembly swivels as it turns.
D) angle the steering arms make with the steering axis projected toward the center of the. rear axle

Question 8

Positive caster is:

A) forward tilt of the steering axis.
B) backward tilt of the steering axis.
C) outward tilt of the wheel.
D) inward tilt of the wheel.

Question 9

Toe is the:

A) wheel tilted out at the top.
B) wheel tilted in at the top.
C) the angle of the tires relative to each other when viewed from above.
D) line through the center of the car.

Question 10

Tech A says toe-out on turns can be affected by caster and camber adjustments. Tech B says bent control arms can affect toe-out on turns. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both Techs A and B
D) Neither Tech A nor B

Question 11

The scrub radius is:

A) the distance between the king pin axis and the contact axis of the wheel assembly.
B) backward tilt of the steering axes.
C) outward tilt of the wheel.
D) inward tilt of the wheel.

Question 12

Tech A says setback is not adjustable. Tech B says setback can cause a pull on a front-wheel-drive car. Who is correct?

A) Tech A
B) Tech B
C) Both Techs A and B
D) Neither Tech A nor B

Question 13

During a vehicle alignment, shim adjustment can affect both ________ and ________.

A) Ackermann angle; scrub radius
B) Turning radius; setback
C) Ride height; thrust angle
D) Caster; camber

Question 14

The ________ is slightly egg shaped or has a slightly egg-shaped washer attached to one side of the bolt.

A) Drive shaft
B) Eccentric bolt
C) Tie-rod
D) Ball joint retainer

Question 15

Adjustment of ________ is typically accomplished by lengthening or shortening the tie-rod assembly.

A) Toe
B) Caster
C) Camber
D) SAI

Question 16

The ________ needs to be centered at the completion of a wheel alignment

A) Turning radius
B) Ackermann angle
C) Thrust rod
D) Steering wheel

Question 17

Not all vehicles have adjustable _______, so in some cases, only toe can be set, unless aftermarket components are installed that allow for adjustment.

A) SAI
B) Camber
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 18

The alignment machine measures the angles the wheels are at compared to ________________.

A) one other
B) The rear bumper height
C) The front bumber
D) None of the above

Question 19

_______ is the side-to-side vertical tilt of the vehicle's wheels.

A) Scrub radius
B) Caster
C) Wheel alignment
D) Camber

Question 20

A wheel that leans away from the center of the vehicle at the top is said to have ________ camber.

A) Negative
B) Positive
C) Vertical
D) Horizontal

Question 21

_______ is the forward or backward tilt of the steering axis from vertical when viewed from the side of the vehicle.

A) Steering axis inclination
B) Scrub radius
C) Camber
D) Caster

Question 22

Backward tilt from the vertical is ________ caster.

A) Negative
B) Positive
C) Vertical
D) Horizontal

Question 23

Forward tilt is ________ caster

A) Horizontal
B) Vertical
C) Positive
D) Negative

Question 24

Toe-in is a condition where the fronts of the wheels, as seen from above, are ______ than the rears of the wheels.

A) Closer together
B) Farther apart
C) Both A and B-the condition pertains to the difference in distance between the front and rears of the wheels
D) None of the above

Question 25

The condition in which the fronts of the wheels are farther apart than the rears is called ________.

A) Toe-in
B) Toe-out
C) Static toe
D) Moving toe

Question 26

The ________ setting is designed to compensate for slight wear in steering joints and components, which may cause the wheels to splay outward or inward while the vehicle is being driven.

A) Toe-in
B) Toe-out
C) Static toe
D) Moving toe

Question 27

The angle formed between the SAI and the camber line is called the _______.

A) Dual angle
B) Included angle
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B

Question 28

The included angle is found by adding the SAI angle and the ________ angle together.

A) Caster
B) Camber
C) Scrub radius
D) Vehicle pitch

Question 29

Scrub radius is the distance between two imaginary points on the road surface: the centerline of the tire using the ________ line and where the ________ centerline contacts the road surface.

A) Camber; caster
B) Caster; camber
C) Camber; SAI
D) SAI; caster

Question 30

If the camber line is ________ of the SAI line, then it has positive offset or positive scrub radius.

A) Horizontal
B) Vertical
C) Inside
D) Outside

Question 31

What type of alignment adjustment is probably the most time consuming job?

A) Toe-in with threaded sleeves
B) Caster and camber with dual shim packs
C) Eccentric bolt with lower suspension arm
D) Lower strut rod for caster

Question 32

Technician A says running camber is the camber angle while the vehicle is being driven. Technician B says changes to this angle may occur due to the vehicle moving over road irregularities. Who is correct?

A) Technician A
B) Technician B
C) Both Technician A and Technician B
D) Neither Technician A nor Technician B

Question 33

Technician A says camber is the side-to-side vertical tilt of the wheel when viewed from the front of the vehicle and is measured in degrees. Technician B says that a wheel that leans away from the center of the vehicle at the top is said to have negative camber. Who is correct?

A) Technician A
B) Technician B
C) Both Technician A and Technician B
D) Neither Technician A nor Technician B

Question 34

Technician A says a vehicle will pull in the direction of the greatest positive camber. Technician B says camber is affected by ride height. Who is correct?

A) Technician A
B) Technician B
C) Both Technician A and Technician B
D) Neither Technician A nor Technician B

Question 35

Camber is the:

A) axis between the upper and lower pivots on the control arm.
B) inward or outward (side to side) vertical tilt of the wheel.
C) axis around which the wheel assembly swivels as it turns.
D) angle the steering arms make with the steering axis projected toward the center of the rear axle.

Question 36

Positive caster is:

A) forward tilt of the steering axis.
B) backward tilt of the steering axis.
C) outward tilt of the wheel.
D) inward tilt of the wheel.

Question 37

Vehicle wander may be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) worn joints and bushings.
B) looseness in steering and suspension components.
C) caster angle is off.
D) toe is set to zero.

Question 38

Toe is the:

A) wheel tilted out at the top when viewed from the front.
B) wheel tilted in at the top when viewed from the front.
C) angle of the tires relative to each other when viewed from above.
D) imaginary line drawn through the center of the car.

Question 39

The scrub radius is:

A) the minimum turning radius of the vehicle when the steering wheel is fully turned to one lock or the other.
B) the distance between two imaginary points on the road surface between the camber line and the steering axis inclination (SAI) centerline.
C) the scuff marks on the pavement, made by a vehicle's tires.
D) the difference in angle between the two front tires when they are turned.

Question 40

Choose the correct statement:

A) The two-wheel alignment compares the front wheel angles to the vehicle's centerline taking into account the thrust angle.
B) Thrust-angle alignment is done on a vehicle with a solid rear axle to make possible adjustment in the rear.
C) In four-wheel alignment, the front angles are adjusted and then the rear wheels are adjusted to conform to the vehicle's centerline and the position of the rear wheels.
D) The four-wheel alignment provides the most accurate alignment of the wheels if adjustment of the rear suspension is possible.