Deck 10: Ocular Drug Delivery

Question 1

Which of the following local routes of drug administration is patient compliance?

A) Intravitreal injection
B) Intravitreal implant
C) Periocular injection
D) Topical drop
E) All the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The blood-aqueous barrier is composed of

A) two distinct cell layers: the endothelium of the iris/ciliary blood vessels and the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium
B) two distinct types: retinal capillary endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells
C) both a and b
D) none of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Retinal pigment epithelium is a monolayer of highly specialized cells that protects inner sensitive ocular tissues

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Efflux transporters are transmembrane bound proteins that aid in movement of xenobiotics into the cell

Question 5

Prodrugs are biologically active molecules.

Question 6

Hydrolytic enzymes such as __________ are responsible for bioreversion of dipeptide prodrugs are stereospecific and show high affinity for L-isomers.

A) peptidases and esterases
B) trypsin and chymotrypsin
C) Pepsin and musin
D) Nucleases and carbohydrases

Question 7

Select the polymer that forms dendrimer.

A) poly(lactide-o-glycolide)
B) Polyethylene glycol
C) poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM)
D) 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone
E) Chitosan

Question 8

Dendrimers with terminal primary amine functional groups are named as

A) Half-generation
B) full-generation
C) none of the above

Question 9

Which of the following applies for corneal permeability of dendrimers?

A) G3 > G4 > G5
B) G3 < G4 < G5
C) G3 > G4 < G5
D) G3 < G4 > G5
E) G3 = G4 = G5

Question 10

Dendrimers induce antibacterial effect.

Question 11

Cyclodextrins (CD) are biodegradable,biocompatible cyclic oligosaccharides employed as solubilizers and stabilizers.

Question 12

Dendrimer synthesis methods include

A) convergent
B) divergent
C) both a and b
D) none

Question 13

Higher drug bioavailability from dendrimers is due to

A) bioadhesive property
B) biodegradable property
C) both a and b
D) none

Question 14

Which of the following cyclodextrin is most commonly and preferably used?

A) α-CD
B) β-CD
C) γ-CD
D) all the above
E) none of the above

Question 15

Nanospheres and nanocapsules differ from each other with following properties

A) Nanocapsules contain solid material shell encircling a liquid or semisolid core at room temperature
B) Nanocapsules are in a matrix form which entrap entire solid mass
C) Both a and b
D) None of the above

Question 16

Select the most widely used polymeric systems for nanoparticle preparation.

A) hyaluronic acid,
B) poly(lactide-o-glycolide) (PLGA) ,
C) polylactic acid (PLA) ,
D) poly-caprolactone (PCL),
E) polyethylene glycol (PEG)
F) poly-glycolic acid

Question 17

Nanoparticles have a size in the range of

A) 10^-9 cm
B) 10^-9 m
C) 10^-6 cm
D) 10^-6 m
E) None of the above

Question 18

Nanoparticles can be injected into vitreous humor.

Question 19

PEGylation helps in reducing immune recognition

Question 20

What surface charge of nanoparticles impart vitreous movement?

A) Positive/cationic
B) Negative/anionic

Question 21

Liposomes are composed of

A) Natural polymers such as cellulose pectin
B) Phospholipids such as stearylamine and dicetylphosphate (DP)
C) Synthetic polymers such as PLGA and PLA-PEG
D) All the above

Question 22

From the following,select a carrier system that provides protection from the degradation of enzymatically labile drugs like peptides and oligonucleotides.

A) Aqueous solution
B) Liposome
C) Both a and b
D) None of the above

Question 23

Critical micellar concentration correspond to

A) The aggregation of synthetic monomers
B) The aggregation of amphiphilic monomers
C) Drug molecules
D) Xenobiotics

Question 24

Select the strategy applied to improve systemic circulation of nanocarriers.

A) Chitosan coating
B) PEG surface coating
C) PGA surface coating
D) PLA surface coating

Question 25

Microneedles have also been utilized as a mode of drug administration to infuse and deposit ___________,______________,and ___________ into sclera

A) drug solutions,suspensions,and emulsions
B) drug solutions,macro,and nanoparticles
C) drug solutions,micro,and nanoparticles
D) All the above
E) None of the above

Question 26

An example of a commercially available biodegradable implant is

A) Vitrasert
B) Retisert
C) Ozurdex
D) Both a and b
E) Both a and c

Question 27

Of the following,which polymers are used to prepare contact lens?

A) silicone hydrogel
B) PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel
C) PEG-PLGA-PEG hydrogel
D) All the above

Question 28

Contact lens can be loaded with drug loaded carrier systems.

Question 29

Soft contact lenses are fabricated through which of the following methods?

A) molecular imprinting method
B) solvent evaporation method
C) solvent casting/film hydration method
D) double emulsion method

Question 30

Thermosensitive gelling materials turn solution to gel at 25⁰
C.

Question 31

Select the factors that initiate to transformation of solution to gel.

A) temperature variation
B) pH change
C) ionic balance
D) UV irradiation
E) All the above

Question 32

Thermosensive gels aid in sustaining drug release.

Question 33

Select the carrier system for gene delivery.

A) adenovirus (Ad),
B) adeno-associated virus (AAV)
C) retrovirus (rV)
D) lentivirus (LV)
E) All the above

Question 34

Select the carrier system/vector is highly efficient in gene translocation across cell membrane.

A) Viral vector
B) Non-viral vector
C) Both a and b
D) None

Question 35

Tropism is

A) viral vectors have specific molecular sites on the capsid coat which causes it to track specific cell type of a target organ
B) Non-viral vectors have specific molecular sites on the capsid coat which causes it to track specific cell type of a target organ
C) All the above
D) None

Question 36

In clinical trials,which of the following vector is considered to be safe

A) Viral vector
B) Non-viral vector
C) None

Question 37

Viral vectors hold low transfection efficiency than non-viral vectors.

Question 38

An example of a non-viral vector is

A) polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide (PEO-PPO-PEO)
B) PEI
C) γ

Question 39

Limitations of the lenti virus include

A) Generate replication competent
B) Delivery issues
C) Immunological complications
D) Large transgene carrying capacity