Deck 4: Cross-Cultural Interactions: Understanding Global Culture

Question 1

Which of the following are areas of social activity that globalization affects?

A) finances
B) communication
C) migration
D) all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Cultural differences are often caused by

A) the isolation of communities
B) interconnections between societies
C) innovations within a single society
D) all of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Rapid increases in the scale and amount of communication

A) are happening at a relatively even pace throughout the world
B) are due exclusively to the use of computers and cell phones
C) mean that people in remote places can be in contact with people all over the world
D) all of the above

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Financial globalization has allowed for

A) wealth to be evenly distributed throughout the world
B) corporations to move factories from one country to another
C) the minimum wage to increase
D) all of the above

Question 5

Eric Wolf encouraged anthropologists to consider what in their field studies?

A) language
B) economics
C) history
D) sexuality

Question 6

The major goal of "development" is

A) importing health
B) expanding capitalist markets
C) alleviating poverty
D) all of the above

Question 7

Development anthropologists often think of themselves as

A) critics of USAID and other development institutions
B) advocates of poor and marginalized people
C) advocates for policy planners
D) activists

Question 8

James Ferguson, who is an anthropologist of development, argues that development exists

A) to alleviate poverty
B) to improve working conditions for farmers
C) to expand state power
D) all of the above

Question 9

The theory that as a result of global capitalist expansion, the world is divided between a dominant "core" and a dependent "periphery" is

A) world systems theory
B) cultural convergence theory
C) clash of civilizations theory
D) hybridization theory

Question 10

A synonym for hybridization is

A) syncretism
B) friction
C) world culture
D) holism

Question 11

People participate in globalization by

A) consuming Coca-Cola
B) watching TV
C) migrating to distant cities for work
D) all of the above

Question 12

People who leave their homes to work for a time in other regions or countries are called

A) migrants
B) immigrants
C) refugees
D) exiles

Question 13

According to anthropologists, __________ is the contemporary widening of scale of cross-cultural interactions owing to the rapid movement of money, people, goods, images, and ideas.

Question 14

__________ are people who are expelled by the authorities of their home countries.

Question 15

Franz Boas and his students were __________, emphasizing that cultural characteristics result from a spread of cultural attributes from one society to another.

Question 16

Often, anthropologists use the term "__________" rather than "globalization" to refer to the "global" circulation of goods and people.

Question 17

The creation and assertion of highly particular, often place-based, identities and communities is known as __________.

Question 18

Cultural __________ occurs when influential nations of the West impose their products and beliefs on less powerful nations.

Question 19

The processes of capital accumulation and the expansion of European colonialism disrupted many societies.

Question 20

People in the periphery responded passively to capitalist expansion.

Question 21

Localization is the flip side of globalization.

Question 22

Anthropologists are generally ignored by "development" experts at institutions like the World Bank.

Question 23

When people consume the same clothes, food, and goods they eventually think and behave the same.

Question 24

World systems theory helped anthropologists

A) better explain the historical emergence of development patterns throughout the world
B) better explain uneven development through time and space
C) better understand local social relations
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 25

A key feature of financial globalization is

A) governments imposing new regulations on trade
B) equalization of financial opportunities around the world
C) greater coordination of multinational corporations
D) the reduction or elimination of tariffs to promote trade

Question 26

The research that anthropologist Richard Rouse has done on the effects of migration on the Mexican village of Aguililla is interesting because

A) it highlights how poor Aguilillans are
B) it highlights how migrants break social ties with their home community
C) it highlights how Aguilillans are part of a transnational community
D) it highlights how Aguilillans value the U.S. and Mexican immigration systems

Question 27

Promoters of globalization highlight which of the following?

A) the more open a country is to foreign trade, the better the economy will be
B) universal access to cell phones will help everyone
C) it is an even process benefiting everyone equally
D) all of the above

Question 28

The recent rise of autonomy movements among Hawaiian separatists and Basques in Europe are examples of

A) globalization
B) immigration
C) localization
D) migration

Question 29

The most important goal of the Congolese sapeur is to

A) imitate European consumers
B) steal and resell secondhand clothes
C) accumulate prestige
D) keep up with contemporary fashion designs

Question 30

One of the main reasons localization interests anthropologists is that

A) anthropologists have always been locally focused
B) global integration creates opportunity for local cultures to express themselves
C) it is easier to study local settings than global settings
D) it helps stem the loss of cultures worldwide

Question 31

A central feature of cultural convergence theories is that

A) they explain the rise of cultural conflict in the world
B) they explain the apparent decline of cultural diversity
C) they articulate how and why cultures converge through mixture and hybridity
D) they explain why development appeals to all people around the world

Question 32

A key difference between anthropologists of development and development anthropologists is

A) the first are academics; the second work in applied fields
B) the first are theoretical; the second are practical
C) the first work in development agencies; the second criticize it
D) the first are analysts of development; the second seek ways to influence it from within

Question 33

Which of the following best describes the methodology of multi-sited ethnography?

A) analytical
B) comparative
C) genealogical
D) local

Question 34

Which of the following is not true about hybridization theories?

A) it has several aliases, among them "syncretism"
B) it explains why conflict is growing in the world
C) it reimagines old racialist thinking that abhorred mixture
D) it rejects the existence of cultural purities

Question 35

A world systems theory is important for all of the following reasons except

A) it is useful for analyzing postcolonial conditions
B) it highlights resistance at the periphery
C) it lends itself readily to ethnographic methodology
D) it explains how and why global capitalism has disrupted so many societies

Question 36

The powerful symbolic link between the Portuguese concept of "the emigrant" and what it means to be a good, tolerant, and worldly Portuguese citizen is an example of Portugal's culture of __________.

Question 37

People around the world often think of development as undermining self-determination but will often accept it when it is __________.

Question 38

Many arguments over global integration are about __________, but anthropologists are just as interested in cultural nuances such as inequality, confrontation, domination, and resistance.

Question 39

Cultural __________ often exist not in spite of but because of global interconnections.

Question 40

Globalization is exciting to anthropologists right now because they have never studied interconnectivity before.

Question 41

The authors think that cultural diversity persists in the world because cultures have been isolated from each other for so long but that diversity is bound to disappear as cultures intermingle more

Question 42

A key marker of development anthropology's success is when local perspectives and voices are paid attention to in development projects

Question 43

Globalization and localization are complementary dynamics.

Question 44

A multi-sited ethnographer studying Mexican migrants in the United States would be most likely to conduct fieldwork

A) in a government hearing on immigration policy
B) by traveling with migrants as they cross borders in the Southwest
C) by interviewing border officials
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 45

In a study on the Olympics a hybridization theorist would likely focus on

A) how national conflicts play out through athletic competitions
B) the unexpected social patterns that emerge from intermingling between athletes, fans, and officials
C) the shared values of amateurism and internationalism
D) how the principles of capitalist efficiency have reshaped the games

Question 46

If a development anthropologist were to get involved in a project in your city that is revitalizing a poor neighborhood, they would probably emphasize

A) the overarching importance of improving the neighborhood's economy
B) the overarching importance of extending state power into the neighborhood to regularize social relations
C) the overarching importance of listening to the priorities of the neighbors
D) the overarching importance of building lasting infrastructure and buildings

Question 47

A believer in cultural imperialism would explain that people who watch American television in remote places like a Walpiri camp in the Australian outback are

A) learning important lessons about life in America
B experiencing a form of hybridization
C) likely to resist everything they see and hear
D) being subjected to alien cultural influences

Question 48

World systems theory would be most suited to which of the following research projects?

A) an ethnographic study of village-level political leaders
B) a historical study of indigenous resistance to colonialism
C) a comparative study of the economic potential of different policy mechanisms
To promote global trade
D) any of the above

Question 49

An anthropologist studying localization would be most interested in what topic?

A) the rise of the Zapatista separatist movement in Mexico
B) the growing popularity of bitcoin, a nation-less currency
C) the circulation of used books between tourists and locals in Ghana
D) the relocation of U.S. corporations' factories from China to Honduras

Question 50

What are the primary strengths of world systems theory? Give an example of a project in which you might employ it.

Question 51

If you were a development anthropologist working on access to fresh produce in an urban community, who would be the key groups of people you would need to talk to?

Question 52

How does the global presence of Starbucks help make an argument for America's cultural imperialism?

Question 53

Why do development anthropologists and anthropologists of development often disagree with one another?

Question 54

Is hybridization occurring in American life? If not, why? If so, give an example and use the discussion of hybridization from the book to make your case.

Question 55

Is the diffusionist perspective of Boas and his students useful in anthropology today?

Question 56

What elements of social life are affected by globalization?

Question 57

Is our current world culture a product of cultural imperialism? Using examples, argue why or why not.

Question 58

How and why do people participate in global processes and local communities simultaneously? Give some examples to illustrate your point.

Question 59

How do the findings and theories of anthropologists of globalization affect your understanding of culture?