Deck 14: Epidemiology of Laryngeal Cancer

Question 1

Nearly all malignancies of the larynx are squamous cell carcinomas.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Cancer of the larynx occurs seven times more often in men than women.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Unequivocal scientific evidence linking cigarette smoking to the development of laryngeal cancer was published in the 1964 Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The annual incidence of laryngeal cancer has declined by about 40% in the United States since 1990.

Question 5

Chronic cigarette smoking markedly increases the risk of developing laryngeal cancer, particularly in combination with chronic alcohol consumption.

Question 6

Alcohol consumption is not an independent risk factor for laryngeal cancer.

Question 7

Chronic infection by HPV-16 increases the risk of developing laryngeal cancer.

Question 8

Laryngeal tumors occasionally arise after incidental radiation exposure either by X-rays taken of the throat early in life or radiotherapy for other malignancies of the head and neck.

Question 9

The association of cigarette smoking with laryngeal cancer fulfills which of the following criteria of judgment for causation?

A) Strength of association
B) Dose response
C) Biological plausibility
D) Temporality
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 10

The annual incidence rates of laryngeal cancer in the US population have decreased by what percent since 1990?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%

Question 11

Risk factors for laryngeal cancer other than tobacco smoking include all of the following except:

A) deficiency of vitamins.
B) HPV-16 infection.
C) prior radiation of the neck.
D) heavy alcohol consumption.

Question 12

Infection with which HPV strain shows the strongest association with laryngeal cancer?

A) HPV-6
B) HPV-11
C) HPV-16
D) HPV-18

Question 13

What dose response pattern in the risk of laryngeal cancer is evident with combined abuse of tobacco and alcohol?

A) Additive effect
B) Synergistic effect
C) Plateau
D) Multiplicative effect
E) b and d are both correct.

Question 14

Describe the global burden of laryngeal cancer.

Question 15

Discuss findings of early epidemiologic investigations of laryngeal cancer and tobacco smoking.

Question 16

Discuss laryngeal cancer risk factors other than tobacco smoking.

Question 17

Discuss strategies for the primary prevention of laryngeal cancer.