Question 1

The use of signs and colors is important to African American adolescent gang members because it allows them to:&#10;A)blend into society&#10;B)be identified as members of the African American culture&#10;C)be identified with their specific gang / subculture&#10;D)express their individuality

Accepted Answer

Signs and colors are used by gang members to signify their affiliation with a specific gang or subculture, helping them to be identified as part of that group.

Question 2

Transcultural studies of African American adolescent gangs revealed that cultures with no social rites of passage for adolescents experienced increased numbers of gangs and gang activity. Another outcome of an absent rites of passage is the:

A)reduced rates of high school graduation
B)prolonged adolescence with pressure and tension to achieve adult status
C)increased rates of teen pregnancy
D)poor collegiate performance resulting in prolonged academic careers

B

Accepted Answer

The absence of social rites of passage can lead to prolonged adolescence, as individuals may struggle to transition into adult roles, creating pressure and tension to achieve adult status.

Question 3

In the 1920s in the United States, gang activities were viewed as a result of&#10;A)increased wealth during the period of Prohibition&#10;B)lack of effective law enforcement techniques&#10;C)increased maternal mortality and high birth rate resulting in diminished household resources and reduced parental supervision&#10;D)uneven societal development with social change and conflict affecting adolescent&#10;Behaviors

Accepted Answer

Uneven societal development with social change and conflict affecting adolescent behaviors is the correct answer because during the 1920s in the United States, the rapid pace of social and economic change led to increased tensions and conflicts between different groups in society. This, in turn, contributed to the rise of gangs as a way for young people to express their frustrations and to find a sense of belonging and identity.

Question 4

Younger African American gang members (under age 12 years) differed from the older African American gang members (13 years and over) in that they younger members:&#10;A)attended school more regularly&#10;B)engaged in more physical activity or exercise&#10;C)were more trusting&#10;D)still had hope for a better life

Accepted Answer

Younger African American gang members (under age 12 years) still had hope for a better life, unlike the older members (13 years and over).

Question 5

The precise structure to the gang subculture in the chapter study functioned intentionally to:&#10;A)improve the lifeways of poor urban-dwelling African Americans and maintain the organizational integrity of the gang&#10;B)permit African Americans adolescent gang members to evade detection by law enforcement, parents, and school officials&#10;C)permit African Americans adolescent gang members to intimidate outsiders and gang enemies&#10;D)confuse newcomers so as to prevent them from becoming informers on their fellow/peer African Americans adolescent gang members

Accepted Answer

The structure of the gang subculture was designed to improve the lifeways of poor urban-dwelling African Americans and maintain the organizational integrity of the gang, as it provided a sense of community and support within the challenging socio-economic environment.

Deck 8: An Examination of Subculture As a Theoretical Social Construct Through an Ethnonursing Study of Urban African American Adolescent Gang Members