Deck 3: American Exceptionalism Historical and Political

Question 1

Medical institutions of past centuries could best be described as:

A) almshouses.
B) educational facilities.
C) hospices.
D) hostels.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The U.S. medical insurance movement is often said to have begun in what year?

A) 1865
B) 1900
C) 1929
D) 1949

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is one of the reasons that new medical delivery systems began to spring up after World War II?

A) Many employers had established health care services for their employees during the war.
B) The government established them.
C) Jobs were scarce and people had trouble paying medical bills.
D) The women who joined the workforce during the war demanded them.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

From 1945 to 1970, many Americans:

A) received mental health services under parity laws.
B) were part of a union and hence covered by health insurance determined by collective bargaining.
C) relied on the government for health insurance.
D) had a vast array of insurance coverages at work.

Question 5

Which of the following types of insurance contracts gives employees premium reductions in return for high copayments and deductibles?

A) Tiered premiums
B) Managed care
C) Capitation
D) Fee for service

Question 6

The Social Security Amendments that established Medicare and Medicaid were established by which president?

A) Truman
B) Eisenhower
C) Kennedy
D) Johnson

Question 7

The 1950 Congress added health care coverage for:

A) mentally ill outpatients.
B) those on public assistance.
C) those serving overseas.
D) those who are "medically needy."

Question 8

The health care reforms prior to 1965 had left out:

A) most farmers.
B) the unemployed.
C) most elderly.
D) all of the above.

Question 9

The rapid expansion of demand with the start of Medicare and Medicaid:

A) failed to capture the attention of Wall Street.
B) increased the role of philanthropy.
C) led to inflation in prices and provider incomes.
D) empowered the medical establishment.

Question 10

In recent years, no one has been:

A) hounded by bill collectors.
B) bankrupted if they could not pay a hospital bill.
C) billed at a rate that included the costs of uncompensated care.
D) all of the above are untrue.

Question 11

When providers award discounts to Blue Cross organizations and then transfer the resulting excess expenses to private insurers, this is an example of:

A) marginal costing.
B) fixed overhead.
C) cost shifting.
D) joint costing.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of a hospital's chargemaster?

A) It is a small, straightforward list.
B) It may exclude bundled services, making it difficult to compare charges for specific services.
C) It is standardized to allow price comparisons.
D) It is derived from a template developed by each state.

Question 13

The concept of managed care:

A) was an invention of the 1970s.
B) was opposed by many private insurers.
C) was ignored by most employers.
D) was a response to cost shifting.

Question 14

The costs of uncompensated care were covered by:

A) philanthropy.
B) higher charges to employers.
C) excise taxes on medical devices.
D) Cadillac health plans.

Question 15

Capitation is:

A) the consequence of Congress's budget sequester.
B) the result of price controls.
C) fixed payment per employee per period.
D) payment by Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG).

Question 16

Republican administrations have achieved the following:

A) covering prescription drugs.
B) protecting patient privacy.
C) relieving job block.
D) all of the above.

Question 17

Which state other than Hawaii has achieved nearly universal coverage?

A) Maine
B) Massachusetts
C) California
D) Tennessee

Question 18

Which of these provisions of the ACA was not popular with the American public?

A) Ban of rejections for pre-existing conditions
B) No copay for preventive services
C) Allowing children to stay on parent's policies until age 26
D) The individual mandate

Question 19

When President Trump addressed Congress on February 28, 2017, he stated that we should:

A) bring down the artificially high prices of drugs.
B) allow purchase of health insurance plans across state lines.
C) allow Americans to purchase coverage through tax credits.
D) allow the above.

Question 20

America's cycles of health policy development have:

A) led to agreement on objectives.
B) sound outcome assessments.
C) led to private-sector insurance that includes more government funding.
D) extended the use of new effectiveness measures.

Question 21

Medical insurance plans and proposals, as they existed in the 1930s, were strongly opposed by local medical societies.

Question 22

The earliest health insurance plans were established by major insurance companies to invest their excess cash flows.

Question 23

In the years during World War II, the number of unionized workers receiving employer-sponsored health care benefits increased rapidly.

Question 24

The 1965 Medicare bill encouraged salaried employment for hospital-based physicians.

Question 25

The closest the nation came to universal health coverage was during the Nixon administration.

Question 26

Table 3-1 (in the text) seems to indicate that there is no relationship between charges for knee replacements, volume performed, and Medicare payment.

Question 27

Figure 3-1 (in the text) shows the rapid growth of traditional insurance plan use.

Question 28

The ACA ended discrimination in health insurance premiums against the elderly.

Question 29

Defined benefit plans define how much the insurer will pay for a procedure.

Question 30

The absence of young, healthy "invincibles" led to increasing pressures on the premiums for individual policies.