Deck 25: Immune System Disorders

Question 1

A child presents with excessive bleeding and bruising and a platelet count of 85,000. As a pediatric nurse, what medical condition should be suspected?

A) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
B) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
C) Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
D) Severe combined immunodeficiency

Answer 1

A

Question 2

If a child is diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura severe enough to warrant medical treatment, what medication is first-line treatment for this condition?

A) High-dose gamma-globulins
B) Steroidal anti-inflammatories
C) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories
D) Highly active antiretroviral therapy

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Individuals who are diagnosed with chronic granulomatous disease, a primary immunodeficiency disease, suffer from which immune system alteration?

A) Both T and B cells are absent
B) Defective monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils
C) Immature, nonfunctional lymphocytes
D) Elevated allergen-specific IgE levels

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A child presents with bronchial edema, hypotension, and rapid change in level of consciousness. This presentation is suspicious for what medical condition?

A) Anaphylaxis
B) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
C) Chronic granulomatous disease
D) Severe combined immunodeficiency

Question 5

What advice would you give to parents of a child who suffers from severe allergies?

A) Have epinephrine available at all times.
B) Have Benadryl available at all times.
C) Have Solu-Medrol available at all times.
D) Have an albuterol inhaler available at all times.

Question 6

If a child is diagnosed with thrombocytopenic purpura and his or her condition is not improving on its own, what intervention may be necessary?

A) Lumbar puncture
B) Splenectomy
C) Bone marrow biopsy
D) Blood transfusion

Question 7

If a child under your care is prescribed an anti-rheumatic such as methotrexate for treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, what education would you provide the parents regarding the risks of this medication?

A) May cause drowsiness
B) May cause immune suppression
C) May increase chances of bleeding
D) May cause severe headaches

Question 8

A child presents with morning stiffness and joint pain simultaneously in three or more joints. Further evaluation reveals the presence of autoantibodies. Based on this presentation, this child should be diagnosed with which medical condition?

A) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
B) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
C) Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
D) Severe combined immunodeficiency

Question 9

If you are caring for a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and all other treatment options have failed to date, what treatment option would you suggest as a last resort?

A) High-dose gamma-globulins
B) Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors
C) Autologous stem cell transplantation
D) Highly active antiretroviral therapy

Question 10

An HIV-positive patient presents with a CD4+ count of 365 cells/mcL which represents 22% of all lymphocytes. This patient is in what stage of HIV infection?

A) Acute retroviral syndrome
B) Stage 1
C) Stage 2
D) Stage 3