Question 1

The most radiosensitive macromolecule is _____.&#10;A) protein&#10;B) DNA&#10;C) mRNA&#10;D) tRNA

Accepted Answer

The most radiosensitive macromolecule is DNA.

Question 2

Free radicals can be damaging because they are _____.&#10;A) unstable&#10;B) highly reactive&#10;C) radioactive&#10;D) both A and B

Accepted Answer

Free radicals can be damaging because they are unstable and highly reactive.

Question 3

An indirect effect from ionizing radiation occurs on a _____ molecule.&#10;A) target&#10;B) DNA&#10;C) water&#10;D) free radical

Accepted Answer

An indirect effect from ionizing radiation occurs on a water molecule.

Question 4

The disassociation of water molecules following irradiation is termed _____.&#10;A) radiolysis&#10;B) ionization&#10;C) cross-linking&#10;D) point mutation

Accepted Answer

The disassociation of water molecules following irradiation is termed radiolysis.

Question 5

A type of DNA damage that may not be reversible is a _____.&#10;A) cross-linking&#10;B) base change or loss&#10;C) rung breakage&#10;D) severed side rail

Accepted Answer

A type of DNA damage that may not be reversible is base change or loss.

Question 6

Ionizing events from irradiation are considered to be direct effects if they occur with _____ molecules.&#10;A) water&#10;B) DNA&#10;C) protein&#10;D) both A and B

Accepted Answer

Ionizing events from irradiation are considered to be direct effects if they occur with DNA molecules.

Question 7

Two OH* free radicals can join to form _____ molecules.&#10;A) organic free radical&#10;B) hydroperoxyl&#10;C) hydrogen peroxide&#10;D) DNA

Accepted Answer

Two OH* free radicals can join to form hydrogen peroxide molecules.

Question 8

When an atom of water is irradiated it first dissociates into _____.&#10;A) two water atoms&#10;B) an ion pair&#10;C) free radicals&#10;D) hydrogen peroxide

Accepted Answer

When an atom of water is irradiated it first dissociates into an ion pair.

Question 9

DNA is contained in the _____ of the cell nucleus.&#10;A) proteins&#10;B) cytoplasm&#10;C) chromosomes&#10;D) RNA

Accepted Answer

DNA is contained in the chromosomes of the cell nucleus.

Question 10

Molecular lesions of DNA are called _____.&#10;A) point mutations&#10;B) broken side rails&#10;C) cross-linking&#10;D) rung breaks

Accepted Answer

Molecular lesions of DNA are called point mutations.

Question 11

The principal radiation interaction within the human body is with _____.&#10;A) DNA&#10;B) macromolecules&#10;C) water&#10;D) RNA

Accepted Answer

The answer of The principal radiation interaction within the human...

Question 12

If a macromolecule has (a)_____,it will break down into smaller molecules.&#10;A) main-chain scission&#10;B) point lesion&#10;C) cross-linking&#10;D) point mutation&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a macromolecule has (a)_____,it will break...

Question 13

Radiation damage to DNA can result in _____.&#10;A) cell death&#10;B) malignant disease&#10;C) genetic changes&#10;D) any of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Radiation damage to DNA can result in...

Question 14

In vitro irradiation of macromolecules causes _____ damage to macromolecules.&#10;A) repairable&#10;B) reversible&#10;C) irreversible&#10;D) both A and B

Accepted Answer

The answer of In vitro irradiation of macromolecules causes _____...

Question 15

The principal radiation interactions within the human body are assumed to be _____.&#10;A) indirect effects&#10;B) direct effects&#10;C) DNA damage&#10;D) cell destruction

Accepted Answer

The answer of The principal radiation interactions within the human...

Deck 31: Molecular Radiobiology