Deck 2: Introduction to Information, Information Science, and Information Systems

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Question
How do you acquire information? Choose 2 hours out of your busy day and try to notice all of the information that you receive from your environment. Keep diaries indicating where the information came from and how you knew it was information and not data.
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Question
Reflect on an IS with which you are familiar, such as the automatic banking machine. How does this IS function? What are the advantages of using this system (i.e., why not use a bank teller instead)? What are the disadvantages? Are there enhancements that you would add to this system?
Question
In health care, think about a typical day of practice and describe the setting. How many times does the nurse interact with ISs? What are the ISs that we interact with, and how do we access them? Are they at the bedside, handheld, or station based? How do their location and ease of access impact nursing care?
Question
Briefly describe an organization and discuss how our need for information and knowledge impacts the configuration and interaction of that organization with other organizations. Also discuss how the need for information and knowledge influences the nature of work or how knowledge workers interact with and produce information and knowledge in this organization.
Question
If you could meet only four of the rights discussed in this chapter, which one would you omit and why? Also, provide your rationale for each right you chose to meet.
Question
What are data?

A) Raw facts
B) Processed information
C) Inputted items that produce information
D) None of these is correct.
Question
Which of the following characteristics make information valuable and meaningful?

A) Accessible and accurate
B) Timely and complete
C) Reliable and relevant
D) All of these are correct.
Question
Data are dirty when there are errors such as:

A) single entries.
B) incomplete or outdated records.
C) defined parameters.
D) None of these is correct.
Question
Reliable information comes from:

A) reliable or clean data.
B) authoritative sources.
C) credible sources.
D) All of these are correct.
Question
_______ allows users to apply their intellect to accomplish their tasks while the tools housing the information disappear from conscious thought.

A) Utility
B) Reproducibility
C) Transparency
D) Verifiability
Question
Information science is the science of information, studying the application and usage of information and knowledge in organizations and the interfacings or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.
Question
The knowledge used to develop and glean knowledge from valuable information is generative (having the ability to originate and produce or generate) in nature.
Question
Information science and computational tools are of little value in enabling the processing of data, information, and knowledge in health care.
Question
According to Jessup and Valacich (2008), computer-based information systems can be defined as combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings.
Question
Information is processed data that has meaning.
Question
Data are raw facts.
Question
Nurses are knowledge workers.
Question
All of the following are types of data: alphabetic, numeric, audio, X-ray image, and video.
Question
Knowledge workers are those who work with information and generate computer programs to help with knowledge management.
Question
Characteristics of valuable, quality information include accessibility, security, timeliness, accuracy, relevancy, completeness, flexibility, reliability, objectivity, utility, transparency, verifiability, and reproducibility.
Question
Accurate information means at least 90% of the data contained within a database is correct.
Question
Utility refers to the ability to provide the right information at the right time to the right person for the right purpose.
Question
Information science integrates features from cognitive science, communication science, computer science, library science, and the social sciences.
Question
Timely information means the information is available when it is needed for the right purpose and at the right time.
Question
Information is acquired either by actively looking for it or by having it conveyed by the environment.
Question
Computer science studies the application and usage of information and knowledge in organizations and the interface or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.
Question
A nurse records a patient's heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, which represent:

A) alphanumeric data.
B) graphical data.
C) image data.
D) audio data.
Question
A nurse receives MRI results for a patient with cancer. Before the treatment plan can be developed, what must the nurse do with the information from the MRI?

A) The nurse must process the information into knowledge.
B) The nurse must process knowledge into information.
C) The nurse must use wisdom to process the data.
D) The nurse must use previous experiences to process the data.
Question
A team of knowledge workers has been recruited to develop a patient care initiative. Which team members are considered knowledge workers?

A) Registered nurses
B) Financial executives
C) Patients
D) Hospital clergy
Question
A nursing informatics specialist is critiquing a new electronic health record system. Which attributes would the nurse consider?

A) Accessibility
B) Superior speed of data retrieval
C) Accuracy
D) Simplicity
Question
A nurse reviews a patient's vital signs. Which action indicates that the nurse has processed the data?

A) The nurse recognizes an elevation in respiratory rate.
B) The nurse documents the vital signs in the electronic health record.
C) The nurse reviews the serum laboratory results.
D) The nurse updates the family member on the treatment plan.
Question
A nurse understands that information science technologies can risk patient confidentiality. Which action does the nurse take to reduce this risk?

A) The nurse logs out of the electronic health system after documentation is complete.
B) The nurse logs in to the electronic health system at the beginning of the shift and logs out at the end of the shift.
C) The nurse shares her login information with her coworker.
D) The nurse uses the same password for all computers.
Question
The public health nurse is reviewing information about the community surrounding the clinical facility. To obtain maps of the community, the nurse uses a(n):

A) geographic information system (GIS).
B) clinical information system (CIS).
C) hospital information system (HIS).
D) management information system (MIS).
Question
A nursing supervisor communicates with staff members through email because this information system:

A) improves productivity to process data and information.
B) improves communication and knowledge.
C) contributes to wisdom and knowledge.
D) decreases workload and improves work efficiency.
Question
Information science includes multiple disciplines.
Question
Information systems help healthcare professionals provide the highest quality of patient care.
Question
Information science deals with:

A) individual pieces of technology.
B) the big picture.
C) whatever details are immediately relevant.
D) All of these are correct.
Question
A nurse is reviewing a patient's vital signs, and the blood pressure is elevated. The elevation of blood pressure presents processed data, which is considered:

A) information.
B) knowledge.
C) wisdom.
D) common sense.
Question
A nurse is accessing lab results so that the plan of care can be updated. Which of the five rights does this represent?

A) Right information
B) Right setting
C) Right time
D) Right facility
Question
A nurse executive is collecting data on strategic business initiatives, which is part of:

A) the executive support system.
B) the management information system (MIS).
C) the transaction processing system (TPS).
D) the hospital information system (HIS).
Question
A nurse is documenting patient data in the electronic health record. Which data should be processed as abnormal?

A) Temperature of 99.5°F
B) Blood pressure of 160/110
C) Audible heart murmur
D) All of these are correct.
Question
A nurse is comparing image data on a patient from a previous shift. Which of the following will the nurse use in her comparison?

A) Heart monitor
B) Monitor alarms
C) Patient identification number
D) Patient date of birth
Question
A nurse reviews abnormal chest radiograph results in the patient's electronic health record. Which step indicates that the nurse has processed this information appropriately?

A) The nurse immediately reports the results to the physician.
B) The nurse calls the laboratory to confirm the results.
C) The nurse waits for the printed copy of the results before calling the physician.
D) The nurse calls the supervisor with the results.
Question
A nurse manager is reviewing data in the hospital information system (HIS). Through this system, the nurse manager will compare:

A) financial and clinical outcomes.
B) business and payroll systems.
C) geographic information and virtual maps.
D) patient invoices and tax information.
Question
Information is valuable and meaningful when it is relevant and timely.
Question
Information science studies the interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.
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Deck 2: Introduction to Information, Information Science, and Information Systems
1
How do you acquire information? Choose 2 hours out of your busy day and try to notice all of the information that you receive from your environment. Keep diaries indicating where the information came from and how you knew it was information and not data.
No Answer
2
Reflect on an IS with which you are familiar, such as the automatic banking machine. How does this IS function? What are the advantages of using this system (i.e., why not use a bank teller instead)? What are the disadvantages? Are there enhancements that you would add to this system?
No Answer
3
In health care, think about a typical day of practice and describe the setting. How many times does the nurse interact with ISs? What are the ISs that we interact with, and how do we access them? Are they at the bedside, handheld, or station based? How do their location and ease of access impact nursing care?
No Answer
4
Briefly describe an organization and discuss how our need for information and knowledge impacts the configuration and interaction of that organization with other organizations. Also discuss how the need for information and knowledge influences the nature of work or how knowledge workers interact with and produce information and knowledge in this organization.
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5
If you could meet only four of the rights discussed in this chapter, which one would you omit and why? Also, provide your rationale for each right you chose to meet.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
6
What are data?

A) Raw facts
B) Processed information
C) Inputted items that produce information
D) None of these is correct.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
7
Which of the following characteristics make information valuable and meaningful?

A) Accessible and accurate
B) Timely and complete
C) Reliable and relevant
D) All of these are correct.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
8
Data are dirty when there are errors such as:

A) single entries.
B) incomplete or outdated records.
C) defined parameters.
D) None of these is correct.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
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9
Reliable information comes from:

A) reliable or clean data.
B) authoritative sources.
C) credible sources.
D) All of these are correct.
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Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
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10
_______ allows users to apply their intellect to accomplish their tasks while the tools housing the information disappear from conscious thought.

A) Utility
B) Reproducibility
C) Transparency
D) Verifiability
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Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
11
Information science is the science of information, studying the application and usage of information and knowledge in organizations and the interfacings or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
12
The knowledge used to develop and glean knowledge from valuable information is generative (having the ability to originate and produce or generate) in nature.
Unlock Deck
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Unlock Deck
k this deck
13
Information science and computational tools are of little value in enabling the processing of data, information, and knowledge in health care.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
14
According to Jessup and Valacich (2008), computer-based information systems can be defined as combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
15
Information is processed data that has meaning.
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16
Data are raw facts.
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17
Nurses are knowledge workers.
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18
All of the following are types of data: alphabetic, numeric, audio, X-ray image, and video.
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19
Knowledge workers are those who work with information and generate computer programs to help with knowledge management.
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20
Characteristics of valuable, quality information include accessibility, security, timeliness, accuracy, relevancy, completeness, flexibility, reliability, objectivity, utility, transparency, verifiability, and reproducibility.
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21
Accurate information means at least 90% of the data contained within a database is correct.
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22
Utility refers to the ability to provide the right information at the right time to the right person for the right purpose.
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23
Information science integrates features from cognitive science, communication science, computer science, library science, and the social sciences.
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Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
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k this deck
24
Timely information means the information is available when it is needed for the right purpose and at the right time.
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25
Information is acquired either by actively looking for it or by having it conveyed by the environment.
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k this deck
26
Computer science studies the application and usage of information and knowledge in organizations and the interface or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
27
A nurse records a patient's heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, which represent:

A) alphanumeric data.
B) graphical data.
C) image data.
D) audio data.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
28
A nurse receives MRI results for a patient with cancer. Before the treatment plan can be developed, what must the nurse do with the information from the MRI?

A) The nurse must process the information into knowledge.
B) The nurse must process knowledge into information.
C) The nurse must use wisdom to process the data.
D) The nurse must use previous experiences to process the data.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
29
A team of knowledge workers has been recruited to develop a patient care initiative. Which team members are considered knowledge workers?

A) Registered nurses
B) Financial executives
C) Patients
D) Hospital clergy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
30
A nursing informatics specialist is critiquing a new electronic health record system. Which attributes would the nurse consider?

A) Accessibility
B) Superior speed of data retrieval
C) Accuracy
D) Simplicity
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
31
A nurse reviews a patient's vital signs. Which action indicates that the nurse has processed the data?

A) The nurse recognizes an elevation in respiratory rate.
B) The nurse documents the vital signs in the electronic health record.
C) The nurse reviews the serum laboratory results.
D) The nurse updates the family member on the treatment plan.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
32
A nurse understands that information science technologies can risk patient confidentiality. Which action does the nurse take to reduce this risk?

A) The nurse logs out of the electronic health system after documentation is complete.
B) The nurse logs in to the electronic health system at the beginning of the shift and logs out at the end of the shift.
C) The nurse shares her login information with her coworker.
D) The nurse uses the same password for all computers.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
33
The public health nurse is reviewing information about the community surrounding the clinical facility. To obtain maps of the community, the nurse uses a(n):

A) geographic information system (GIS).
B) clinical information system (CIS).
C) hospital information system (HIS).
D) management information system (MIS).
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
34
A nursing supervisor communicates with staff members through email because this information system:

A) improves productivity to process data and information.
B) improves communication and knowledge.
C) contributes to wisdom and knowledge.
D) decreases workload and improves work efficiency.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
35
Information science includes multiple disciplines.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
36
Information systems help healthcare professionals provide the highest quality of patient care.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
37
Information science deals with:

A) individual pieces of technology.
B) the big picture.
C) whatever details are immediately relevant.
D) All of these are correct.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
38
A nurse is reviewing a patient's vital signs, and the blood pressure is elevated. The elevation of blood pressure presents processed data, which is considered:

A) information.
B) knowledge.
C) wisdom.
D) common sense.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
39
A nurse is accessing lab results so that the plan of care can be updated. Which of the five rights does this represent?

A) Right information
B) Right setting
C) Right time
D) Right facility
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
40
A nurse executive is collecting data on strategic business initiatives, which is part of:

A) the executive support system.
B) the management information system (MIS).
C) the transaction processing system (TPS).
D) the hospital information system (HIS).
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
41
A nurse is documenting patient data in the electronic health record. Which data should be processed as abnormal?

A) Temperature of 99.5°F
B) Blood pressure of 160/110
C) Audible heart murmur
D) All of these are correct.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
42
A nurse is comparing image data on a patient from a previous shift. Which of the following will the nurse use in her comparison?

A) Heart monitor
B) Monitor alarms
C) Patient identification number
D) Patient date of birth
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
43
A nurse reviews abnormal chest radiograph results in the patient's electronic health record. Which step indicates that the nurse has processed this information appropriately?

A) The nurse immediately reports the results to the physician.
B) The nurse calls the laboratory to confirm the results.
C) The nurse waits for the printed copy of the results before calling the physician.
D) The nurse calls the supervisor with the results.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
44
A nurse manager is reviewing data in the hospital information system (HIS). Through this system, the nurse manager will compare:

A) financial and clinical outcomes.
B) business and payroll systems.
C) geographic information and virtual maps.
D) patient invoices and tax information.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
45
Information is valuable and meaningful when it is relevant and timely.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
46
Information science studies the interaction between people, organizations, and information systems.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
locked card icon
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 46 flashcards in this deck.