Deck 9: Recognizing the Importance of Race

Question 1

Shared language, religion, and national origin of a particular group of people refers to ______.

A) race
B) ethnicity
C) class
D) society

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which description best characterizes the concept of race?

A) a fixed biological basis for racial classification
B) a socially constructed category based on perceived differences due to physical appearance
C) a concrete genetic difference along racial lines
D) a group of people sharing the same physical and social traits

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Research conducted by the Human Genome Project demonstrates ______.

A) ethnic and racial differences are easy to define and put into categories
B) racial differences among groups are the result of different origins
C) racial differences among people occur because of different genetic codes
D) there are more differences within racial groups than between them

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The findings of the Human Genome Project impacted ideas about racism because they show that ______.

A) races differ in more than just looks
B) genetic make-up within races is almost homogenous
C) there are more genetic differences within a race than between races
D) racial differences have been biologically mandated since early man

Question 5

An elderly man who identifies as Mexican recalls how the U.S. Census in 1940 categorized Mexican people as "white." This is an example of ______.

A) biologically constructed race
B) socially constructed race
C) fixed categories of race
D) fluid categories of ethnicity

Question 6

Living in the United States in the early 20th century, a white family's ancestry included a mix of European and African American ancestors. As such, according to the U.S. Census in the 1930s, this family was considered Black due to ______.

A) Jim Crow statutes
B) miscegenation laws
C) the three fifths rule
D) the one-drop rule

Question 7

Nadia is uncomfortable around Black men because she believes they are dangerous. This is an example of ______.

A) prejudice
B) racism
C) institutional discrimination
D) ethnocentrism

Question 8

Minority groups such as women, people of color, people with disabilities, and LGBT individuals are often treated unfairly due to their race, gender, sexual orientation, and/or physical and mental abilities. They are experiencing ______.

A) stereotyping
B) acculturalization
C) discrimination
D) ethnocentrism

Question 9

Prejudice can stem from ______, which is a predetermined idea about a group or person.

A) stigmatization
B) accommodation
C) objectivity
D) a stereotype

Question 10

Which statement best describes racism?

A) negative actions against groups based on sound scientific classification
B) a belief that one racial group is better than another, creating a racial hierarchy
C) negative behaviors against groups based on biological differences
D) a socially constructed category based upon physical differences

Question 11

While stereotypes and prejudices are held by people of all races, only members of dominant racial groups can be ______.

A) subjective
B) stigmatized
C) biased
D) racist

Question 12

Racism requires prejudice and ______.

A) institutional discrimination
B) stereotyping
C) institutional power
D) inherent bias

Question 13

Growing up in a rural area with little diversity, a young girl hears her family and friends discuss how poor African American women do not deserve government assistance, such as welfare, because it is their fault that they are poor. This young girl is learning stereotypes, prejudicial behavior, and discrimination through ______.

A) sound scientific arguments
B) socialization
C) functionalism
D) justification

Question 14

What is institutional discrimination?

A) discriminatory treatment of an individual or group as a result of how institutions operate
B) maltreatment or intentional bias toward an individual or group within institutions
C) discriminatory behavior based upon the categorization of racial groups
D) prejudicial behaviors learned within social institutions such as schools

Question 15

Under the U.S. constitution of 1787, enslaved people would be counted for political representation and taxation purposes according to the ______.

A) Missouri Compromise
B) Fifth Amendment
C) Three-Fifths Compromise
D) Monroe Doctrine

Question 16

In 1865 slavery was abolished, yet a formerly enslaved African American in the South was later denied federal protection of rights due to the ______.

A) Three-Fifths Compromise
B) Hayes-Tilden Compromise
C) Plessy v. Ferguson ruling
D) Missouri Compromise

Question 17

In an attempt to immigrate to the Americas in the late 19^th and early 20^th centuries, many Chinese men and women were denied entry due to the ______.

A) Three-Fifths Compromise
B) Chinese Exclusion Act
C) Anti-Immigration Act
D) Hayes-Tilden Act

Question 18

Which court case ruled "separate but equal" facilities constitutional?

A) Brown v. Board of Education
B) Dred Scott v. Sanford
C) Plessy v. Ferguson
D) Loving v. Virginia

Question 19

Which group was interned during World War II?

A) Greek Americans
B) Chinese Americans
C) Japanese Americans
D) Italian Americans

Question 20

What did the Immigration Act of 1924 do?

A) It granted Filipinos a path to U.S. citizenship.
B) It resulted in the reduction of immigrants from Latin America.
C) It gave preference to Catholic immigrants over Protestant immigrants.
D) It reduced immigration from southern and eastern Europe.

Question 21

What was the result of the Immigration Act of 1965?

A) It created internment camps for Japanese Americans.
B) It increased immigration quotas.
C) It abolished national immigration quotas.
D) It restricted immigration for Chinese population only.

Question 22

Robert Park developed a sociological theory that tried to explain what happens once immigrants reach a new country. Which process did Park describe?

A) acculturation
B) assimilation
C) class consciousness
D) internal colonialism

Question 23

Sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois rejected theories of assimilation because they fell short of explaining the experience of African Americans. Instead he focused on a(n) ______ basis for racial inequality.

A) personal
B) social
C) Physiological
D) Economic

Question 24

When a racial group subordinates and exploits the resources of other racial groups within a country, ______ occurs.

A) internal colonialism
B) external colonialism
C) assimilation
D) discrimination

Question 25

How do banks avoid following the Fair Housing Act?

A) by loaning to anyone who qualifies for a loan regardless of race
B) by allowing loan officers to refuse to work with minorities
C) by keeping interest rates consistent across different races
D) by moving services away from minority neighborhoods

Question 26

In 1945, an African American family tried to purchase a home in a minority neighborhood, but the federal government refused to insure the mortgage. This practice illustrates ______.

A) reverse racism
B) forced integration
C) redlining
D) desegregation

Question 27

The inability to buy a home in the United States is a factor in poverty because home ownership is ______.

A) a ticket to get out of minority neighborhoods
B) a primary way to attain wealth
C) a social milestone that is necessary for upward mobility
D) not considered important by most people in poverty

Question 28

For most people, income usually comes from ______

A) savings
B) an inheritance
C) investments
D) a job

Question 29

At the end of 2018, which group had the lowest unemployment rate?

A) Asian
B) White
C) Hispanic
D) Black

Question 30

Which statement is TRUE regarding hiring practices over the past three decades?

A) Latinos have generally received more callbacks than African Americans.
B) Hiring discrimination was steady until 2012, when Blacks began to catch up to Whites in job attainment.
C) Hiring discrimination has remained constant.
D) Hiring discrimination is showing signs of improvement.

Question 31

African Americans comprise the largest percentage of incarcerated Americans. This high proportion is most likely a result of ______.

A) discrimination
B) biology
C) poverty
D) location

Question 32

Which group is most likely to receive treatment for pain by doctors?

A) Whites
B) Blacks
C) Asians
D) Hispanics

Question 33

What is a reason that government hasn't done more to address racial and ethnic inequality with funding and policy?

A) There is very little minority representation in government.
B) The federal government feels it is the states' responsibility to address inequality and states feel it is the federal government's responsibility.
C) Local governments have more pressing problems that must be addressed.
D) People who most feel the effects of the inequality do not raise their voices and demand change.

Question 34

What is one reason why few people of color are elected to public office?

A) Black citizens do not vote in large numbers.
B) Wealthy minority groups do not donate to political campaigns.
C) District lines are created to place most of minority voters into just a few districts.
D) Many minorities are apathetic toward the political process.

Question 35

Which of these racial minority groups has the highest employment and education rates?

A) Native Americans
B) Asian Americans
C) Hispanic Americans
D) African Americans

Question 36

According to Durkheim, industrial societies need all members to work in an occupation they enjoy and are good at in order for society to function efficiently. In a society where ______ exists, society at large is disadvantaged.

A) racial solidarity
B) external inequality
C) gemeinschaft
D) social solidarity

Question 37

People who believe that their culture is better than any others are displaying ______.

A) universalism
B) colonialism
C) racism
D) ethnocentrism

Question 38

A group of refugees from a nation in the midst of civil war have been given permission to emigrate from their country to another. Some members of this new country are ethnocentric. Under these conditions, the immigrants will likely ______.

A) be respected and welcomed
B) be seen as a cheap source of labor
C) face prejudice and discrimination
D) be seen as "separate but equal"

Question 39

A society has seen a recent influx of immigrants. The members of the government and major businesses for the society must decide how to deal with this. Based on Durkheim's functionalist theory, what would provide the most good for that society?

A) They should try to relocate as many of the immigrants as possible.
B) They should move the immigrants into the lower paying jobs that no one else wants.
C) They should decide which jobs need the most people and place the immigrants there.
D) They should encourage the immigrants to use the talents they have.

Question 40

How would someone who is ethnocentric feel about government assistance policies?

A) There shouldn't be any government assistance for anyone.
B) Government assistance programs should be reserved for legal citizens.
C) Everyone should have access to the government programs they need.
D) People need to earn the right to have government assistance.

Question 41

A politician runs on a platform that supports affirmative action. How might he explain his position in a way that people in the dominant race would support this policy?

A) It provides government cutbacks to employers who replace some workers.
B) It allows minorities to get jobs they want in fields often closed to them.
C) It allows multinational corporations to have diverse perspectives.
D) It reduces inequality for minority races as they are able to compete for good jobs.

Question 42

How would Durkheim explain external inequality versus diversity?

A) External inequality is an institutional block to diversity.
B) External inequality is a first step toward diversity.
C) External inequality is based on natural abilities and impact diversity as natural talent.
D) External inequality is diversity of talents, but limited opportunities.

Question 43

How might ethnocentrism impact a country with high unemployment?

A) Citizens become less welcoming of immigrants who compete for scarce resources.
B) Citizens become more open to diversity that can add more jobs.
C) Citizens become more critical of ethnocentric policies.
D) Citizens become less open to governmental assistance for those who are unemployed.

Question 44

What is one reason why many business leaders today support affirmative action programs in higher education?

A) They want to avoid costly lawsuits and boycotts.
B) They see an opportunity to eliminate nonproductive White management.
C) It's a good public relations move that will improve the corporation's bottom line.
D) It makes good business sense in a diverse world.

Question 45

What has been the result of diversity programs implemented in organizations?

A) Most have been voluntary and people elect not to participate.
B) They have resulted in a decrease in prejudice against women in the workplace.
C) They have resulted in a decrease in prejudice against racial and ethnic minorities in the workplace.
D) They have limited diversity in hires and promotions.

Question 46

A small business owner practices Bonilla-Silva's concept of abstract liberalism. How might this owner respond to issues of racism?

A) He would be open to hiring the best workers no matter their race or ethnicity.
B) He would argue that race is no longer an issue people need to work on.
C) He would ignore racial issues and encourage others to do the same.
D) He would agree that racism is an issue, but oppose affirmative action.

Question 47

How would Bonilla-Silva's concept of minimization impact politicians creating public policy as it pertains to racial discrimination in housing?

A) They would argue that all housing should be open to all races, but attempt to keep minorities out of their neighborhoods.
B) They would argue that minority races choose to remain together and do not want to live in other neighborhoods.
C) They would argue that everyone has equal access to all housing areas and there is no discrimination.
D) They would argue that housing is based on income and to address income qualifications instead.

Question 48

A young Black man is killed by a police officer who thought the youth had a gun. How would someone use colorblind ideology to defend the police officer after accusations of racism occur?

A) They would use abstract liberalism to argue that the police officer was clearly racist but there is nothing that can be done.
B) They would use minimization to argue that the police officer is representative of all police officers across the nation.
C) They would use naturalization to argue that the youth was not a local and that made him more suspect to the officer.
D) They would use culturalization to argue that the Black community is violent by nature and members of this culture normally have guns.

Question 49

In a college seminar, an individual argues that in order to eliminate racism society should ignore race and racial issues completely. This student follows which perspective?

A) post-racialism
B) racism evasiveness
C) colorblind ideology
D) behaviorism

Question 50

A person states that she does NOT see color and, as a result, ignores issues of racism. Which term best describes this person's perspective?

A) the colorblind ideology
B) racism evasiveness
C) white nationalism
D) racial hegemony

Question 51

Eduardo Bonilla-Silvia's culturalization frame of the colorblind perspective of race is best described as ______.

A) policies that help achieve equal rights
B) believing that race does not matter and that racism is no longer a problem
C) arguing that Black peoples' inferior culture hurts them more than racism
D) racist practices are a part of human nature

Question 52

What is racism evasiveness?

A) ignoring racism issues
B) avoiding members of other races
C) showing bias in favor of one race
D) focusing on racist behaviors

Question 53

How is the colorblind ideology challenged by social media and news stories?

A) Social media and news sources spread information and videos of racist actions.
B) Social media and news sources act to increase racism evasiveness with pictures of racist actions.
C) Social media and news sources ignore racist actions because they cannot be proven.
D) Social media and news sources depict newfound harmony and lack of racism.

Question 54

A minority family moves into a predominantly White neighborhood. Neighbors visit the family to see what they are like. One family ignores them completely. One family tells them they are welcome, while another petitions to push them out. One family visits and asks the family how they can afford the house on welfare. Which occurrence is an example of microaggression?

A) Ignoring the family completely
B) Asking how they can afford the house
C) Telling them they are welcome
D) Petitioning to push them out

Question 55

A bank manager argues that everyone has equal access to home loans, and if they cannot get one it is based on lack of effort, not race. Which colorblind ideology does this exemplify?

A) abstract liberalism
B) minimization
C) naturalization
D) culturalization

Question 56

Ethnic group members have the same racial features.

Question 57

Most people in the United States today categorize people racially by their lineage, or family backgrounds.

Question 58

Prejudice can lead to discrimination.

Question 59

A wealthy school district gets most of its funding from local property taxes. Therefore, it gets more money than a poorer district that is also funded by property taxes. This is intentional discrimination.

Question 60

Stereotypes are generalizations about a particular group of people.

Question 61

The Three-Fifths Compromise abolished slavery.

Question 62

Plessy v. Ferguson ruled that separate but equal facilities were unconstitutional.

Question 63

Japanese immigration was halted through the Gentleman's Agreement of 1907.

Question 64

War, gang violence, and climate change are all pull factors that drive immigration.

Question 65

In Robert Park's four-step assimilation process, accommodation refers to when a group establishes dominance over another group.

Question 66

White home seekers tend to have advantages over racial minority prospective buyers at every stage of the home-buying process.

Question 67

For people in the middle class, income comes mainly in the form of employment.

Question 68

Educational experiences tend to be similar along racial, ethnic, and class lines.

Question 69

Ethnocentrism refers to a divisive belief in cultural superiority.

Question 70

Racism evasiveness occurs as people talk too much about race and racism.

Question 71

Discuss how discrimination can occur without prejudice.

Question 72

Discuss the impact of the Immigration Act of 1965.

Question 73

Discuss ethnocentrism and its impact on immigration.

Question 74

Describe Robert Park's four-step assimilation process. Use one example and follow it through all four steps.

Question 75

How do the experiences of American Indians today qualify as internal colonialism?

Question 76

Explain why Asian immigrant groups have recently been more accepted in the United States than some other groups.

Question 77

Explain how Durkheim viewed social inequalities.

Question 78

Explain how ignoring problems of racism can make racism worse.