Deck 12: Environmental Anthropology and Foodways

Question 1

The integration of Tanzania and Kenya into the world economy has resulted in:

A) A transformation of Maasai into wage earners.
B) Expansion of cattle agriculture into a pure pastoral life.
C) Maasai being left out of the process.
D) Increased reliance on subsistence agriculture.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When interviewed, Maasai describe conservation efforts as:

A) Important efforts to combat species loss.
B) Good ideas, but impractical since they receive no benefit.
C) Leading to the loss of household income.
D) Loss of traditional grazing lands for the benefit of other people.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Social scientists refer to the construction of commoditized artificial environments as:

A) Disneyfication.
B) Fortress conservation.
C) Game reserves.
D) Deconstruction.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The people most able to profit from wildlife tourism are:

A) Those in close proximity to parks.
B) Wealthy Africans and foreign investors.
C) People whose land is purchased for use as parkland.
D) Drivers and tour guides.

Question 5

In what way is the Mkomazi Game Reserve considered "forgotten wilderness"?

A) Those who were evicted from the area have moved on to other interests.
B) It is an example of pristine wilderness.
C) The area is home to several endemic animal species.
D) It has been forgotten by Europeans, and Europeans will restore it.

Question 6

In this section, the Gimi word femomo is used to describe:

A) Conservation areas.
B) A type of bromeliad.
C) A dead echidna.
D) Both b and c.

Question 7

According to Kabe, what was the cause of poverty among Gimi?

A) Globalization funnels local resources into international trade.
B) Gimi didn't conceptualize themselves as poor until conservation ecologists began describing them that way.
C) Depletion of echidna results in poverty.
D) Lack of income-generating projects in Maimafu.

Question 8

What is the source of Kabe's knowledge regarding the behavioral ecology of Echidna?

A) He was taught by his father, and his father's father.
B) Direct experience and observation.
C) Education programs run by conservation biologists.
D) The biological research station on the slopes of Bopoyana.

Question 9

When women work on a conservation project without seeing any direct benefits, this is an example of:

A) Accumulation by conservation.
B) Dispossession of time.
C) Failed conservation knowledge.
D) Behavioral ecology.

Question 10

At the Crater Mountain Wildlife Management Area, accumulation by conservation refers to:

A) Gimi men who accumulate ecological knowledge of echidna.
B) Gimi women who accumulate resources and time.
C) Conservationists wo accumulate animals to conserve and study them.
D) Gimi men, who accumulate stories about monkeys in conservation.

Question 11

How are terreiros important for black women in Gamboa de Baixo?

A) They are some of the few spaces where traditional ceremonies can be conducted.
B) Here black women inherit both African traditions and land.
C) Terreiros are communal spaces where women have equal access.
D) These spaces are protected by the government, so access is insured.

Question 12

In Bahia, many black women work:

A) As underpaid domestic workers.
B) As store clerks.
C) For financial institutions.
D) Within government.

Question 13

Within Afro-Brazilian communities, an ongoing focus of community activism has been:

A) Ensuring the preservation of African traditions.
B) Ensuring that beach access remains open.
C) Performing candomblé activities.
D) Gaining access to and protecting land and water resources.

Question 14

Following the cholera outbreak in Bahia in 1992, activists led a campaign for water testing which showed:

A) The contaminated water came from the public water pipes, not the neighborhood fountains.
B) Contaminated water came from neighborhood fountains, not public pipes.
C) More effective sewage disposal was required.
D) The community required an additional fountain.

Question 15

How was anthropology research put to use in the case of Garden City?

A) Workers were given steel toed boots and other protective gear.
B) The report led to educational reforms and the development of a cultural relations board.
C) Immigrant workers were given additional legal protections.
D) Consumers were able to talk directly with the farmers who raised their meat.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a negative consequence of CAFOs?

A) Increased water pollution
B) Ammonia exposure
C) Overuse of antimicrobials
D) Increased meat consumption among the wealthy

Question 17

What is the intended function of "ag gag" laws?

A) To reduce the consumption of industrially produced meat.
B) To criminalize photography and video inside CAFO facilities.
C) To ensure that meat packing workers do not go on strike.
D) To protect journalists and ensure first amendment rights.

Question 18

What does Stull mean by describing the American food system as an "hourglass"?

A) The time from production to consumption is critical.
B) There are more workers in the meat packing industry than in the retail industry.
C) There are fewer meat packing plants than farms or retail stores.
D) There are many farmers, few packers and distributers, and many consumers.

Question 19

How does contract growing of chickens make serfs of family farmers?

A) Major chicken production companies buy up small farms and evict owners.
B) Chicken corporations own the birds, while farmers raise them en mass under contract.
C) Farmers raise birds on a small scale, but these are rapidly aggregated by large corporations.
D) Large corporations count on small farmers to determine growing conditions and production rates.

Question 20

What is the value of conducting a lunch plate an3alysis?

A) It provides a clear look at what students are actually eating.
B) It provided a basis for a new school wellness policy.
C) It has helped to improve food options in schools.
D) All of the above.

Question 21

Dr. Trapp tells a story about her consumption of "chicken wine." How is chicken wine produced?

A) Chicken is cooked in wine and served with chopsticks.
B) Chicken is served with specially selected wines.
C) Wine is made from grapes that have been partially digested by chickens.
D) Wine is fermented and aged in a barrel containing chicken.

Question 22

How does Dr. Fiske view the public sector?

A) As a monolithic bureaucracy.
B) As an unchangeable collection of agencies.
C) As a set of continually evolving institutions.
D) As an impediment to social and environmental justice.

Question 23

In terms of environmental issues, what does Dr. Fiske see as an important area of focus for future anthropologists?

A) Water governance
B) Climate change
C) Environmental justice policy
D) All of the above

Question 24

How did Dr. Li's family background influence her research in Peru?

A) Her parents were from Peru, so she was both an outsider and an insider.
B) Her family was from Peru, so she had special contacts there.
C) She was able to enter other Chinese-Peruvian communities easily.
D) Despite her heritage, she was unfamiliar with the language.

Question 25

How does Dr. Li describe the difference between applied and theoretical anthropology?

A) Applied anthropology is more important in today's world.
B) Theoretical anthropology is more important since it informs action.
C) There should not be a split between theory and application, since both are needed.
D) Public anthropology is a better term for her own work.

Question 26

How are food and the environment linked according to readings in this section? Is there a difference in that linkage between more rural and more urban settings?

Question 27

What do you see as the most pressing environmental problem in your local area? Using some of the readings in Part 12 for support, write a short public essay (the equivalent of a letter to the editor) describing how an anthropological perspective might help address this issue.

Question 28

Based on the readings in this section, would you describe the authors as "engaged" or "activist"? Why? Be sure to support your opinion with evidence from the text.

Question 29

If conservation biologists were planning on developing a new protected area to conserve wildlife, why might they benefit from having an anthropologist on the team? Use readings in Part 12 to support your position.

Question 30

In what ways is food consumption cultural? Use at least three of the readings in Part 12 as evidence for your answer.